Native American gaming
Native American gaming includes casinos, online casino games[1], bingo halls, slot halls, and more on Indian reservations[2] and tribal grounds around the US. These establishments are free from state gaming bans due to tribal sovereignty. The Indian Casino Regulatory Act of 1988, a landmark law, grants federally recognized tribes the ability to operate casino facilities on their lands.
Historical and Legal Background
The Florida Seminoles established a high-stakes bingo enterprise in 1979, starting the legalization process. This venture attracted other tribes, who saw a new cash stream. The application of state gambling laws to Indian[3] reservations was debated in subsequent years. After much debate, Congress passed the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act in 1988, enabling tribal gaming under certain restrictions and control.
Economic Growth and Impact
Native American gaming had changed by 2006, with 408 tribe-owned casinos. Electronic gaming devices, including slots (casino bets[4]) and video poker, dominated 161. The industry included 223 Native American tribes from 28 states. These casinos' non-gambling revenue grew faster than their non-indigenous rivals, reaching $3.1 billion in 2008.
As the business grew, 230 tribes operated 425 gaming establishments in 28 states, generating $26.5 billion in gross revenue, up 5% from 2006. Revenue from 421 Native American casinos surpassed $27.2 billion in 2011, demonstrating their economic effect.
Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation's Foxwoods Resort Casino in Connecticut is a success story in Native American gaming. This casino has a huge hotel and is one of the largest and most contemporary. The casino funds tribal history museums and other Indian cultural endeavors.
Conclusion
Many tribes rely on Native American gambling to support their economies and preserve their culture. This industry offers a unique model of sovereignty and entrepreneurship in the US due to a complex interaction of legal, economic, and cultural elements. The industry, as well as Native American culture as a whole, are also motives for a variety of entertainment products in the sports betting and online casino industries[5].
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Expanse Studios- ↑ https://expanse.studio/games/pia-demo/
- ↑ http://ssrn.com/abstract=1008585
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20130220134916/http://www.nigc.gov/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=0J7Yk1QNgX0%3d&tabid=943
- ↑ https://promo.meridianbet.com/en/category/16/page/16031
- ↑ https://europeangaming.eu/portal/latest-news/2023/02/08/129763/pia-expanse-studios-latest-native-american-adventure/
