Deleted:Secularism in Pakistan
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Template:Use Pakistani English
The concept of the Two-Nation Theory on which Pakistan was founded, was largely based on Muslim nationalism.[1] Secularism in Pakistan went from being a matter of practice in law by the Government of Pakistan to a political movement opposing the Islamization policies of the military dictator General Zia-ul-Haq in the 1980s. The supporters of Islamisation, on the other hand, assert that Pakistan was founded as a Muslim state and that in its status as an Islamic republic, it must thereby implement Islamic laws, known as Sharia. And that the context of Jinnah's speech was true implementation of Islam in which all religions would have equal rights and live as free citizens as supported by the Islamic jurisprudence itself as distinguished from a religious oligarchy.[2]
History
Although Pakistan was founded as a separate state for Muslims in the Indian subcontinent in 1947, it remained a Dominion in the British Commonwealth and did not immediately become an Islamic state. Although the 1949 Objectives Resolution envisaged an official role for Islam as the state religion, the state retained most of the laws inherited from the secular British legal code that had been enforced by the British Raj since the 19th century.
Pakistan was secular from 1947 to 1955. Pakistan adopted a constitution in 1956, becoming an Islamic republic with Islam as its state religion.[3] In 1956, the state adopted the name of the "Islamic Republic of Pakistan", declaring Islam as the official religion, but did not take any further measures to adopt Islamic laws.
Islamization
As a reaction to the bifurcation of Pakistan (due to the rise of secularist forces in East Pakistan) in 1971, Islamic political parties began to see an increase in popular support. In the 1970s, the populist and elected Prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto caved in to a major demand of the Islamic parties by declaring the Ahmadiyya Community to be non-Muslims. Under the constitution of 1973, Bhutto also banned alcohol, gambling and night clubs.
Bhutto was overthrown in 1977 by Chief of Army Staff General Zia-ul-Haq, who went considerably further with the formal campaign of Islamization of Pakistan (1977–1988).
References
- ↑ Ilyas, Shahid (21 June 2010). "Islam, secularism and Pakistan". Shahid Ilyas and the Daily Times. Shahid Ilyas in the Daily Times. " Had Islam not been central to the creation of Pakistan, Zaid Hamid and Hamid Gul would not have been able to invoke it for garnering support for a Muslim caliphate and they would not have been the darlings of our middle and upper class educated youth, we would not have had the Objectives Resolution as a guiding principle of our constitutions, Ziaul Haq would never have been able to pass Islamist laws, our intelligence agencies and army would not have been suspected of links with the various jaishes and lashkars — not to speak of their well-documented grooming of the Taliban and we would not have had tens of thousands of religious seminaries."
- ↑ Inam Khawaja. "The basis of the demand for an independent Pakistan". Daily News. http://www.dailynews.net.pk/august2011/14-08-2011/thebasis.asp. "It would be unreasonable and illogical to give an interpretation in favour of secularism to his speech of 11, August 1947."
- ↑ Nasir, Abbas (2017-08-15). "Opinion | How Pakistan Abandoned Jinnah’s Ideals" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/15/opinion/pakistan-jinnah-ideals-abandoned.html.
