Hoda Sharrouf

Australian Hoda Sharrouf is the second oldest child of Tara Nettleton and Khaled Sharrouf, conservative muslims who took their family to live under authority of Daesh, also known as the "Islamic State", which for several years, occupied much of Syria and Iraq, putting the population under an extremely strict and brutal interpretation of Islamic law. Her parents took her to Daesh territory in 2013, when she was just eleven years old.

Nettleton travelled there even though she had a kidney condition, and died within a year of their arrival, of a failed appendix operation. Khaled has been reported to have been killed by a missile fired from a US unmanned aerial vehicle, but there have been rumours he survived, and went into hiding. Before the missile strikes Khaled broadcast a video of one of her younger brothers holding the decapitated head of a murdered captive. The oldest two of her younger brothers were reported to have been killed by the same missile that was reported to have killed her father.

Her parents allowed her older sister, Zaynab to marry her father best friend, when she was just 13 years old. Her husband was reported to have been killed by the same missile that killed her father.

In February, 2019, Zahra Duman, another Australian woman who had recently escaped the shrinking Daesh enclave, told the Australian Broadcasting Corporation that she was Hoda's mother's best friend, told reporters that Hoda, Zaynab, and their youngest brother Hamzah, were fine, even though they were still within the shrinking Daesh territory.

By April Zaynab, Hoda, Hamzah, and Zaynab's two daughters, had made their way to the al-Hawl refugee camp. They first contacted their grandmother, Karen Nettleton, who had made unsuccessful attempts to rescue them in the past. Australian Prime Minister, Scott Morrison, said that as soon as they Sharrouf children's identity had been verified they would be issued travel documents so they could return to Australia.