Deleted:List of American Civil War Generals (Confederate)

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:See also: List of American Civil War generals for an introduction and further information and

List of American Civil War Generals (Union) and

List of American Civil War brevet Generals (Union) for officers who were made generals by brevet only.

Confederate generals

The United States War Department source (written by former Confederate General Marcus Joseph Wright), in the references section, lists the generals' grade, rank date, appointment date, and confirmation date. The other seven references have short summaries of each general's life and service. (Allardice is only a reference for the entries in the additional section currently at the end of the article.) A few of the sources do not list every general. Some sources may have information that others do not. All the information in this list is from these references, with the information in the notes prior to the additional section after the letter "Z" from one or more of the six principal references. The summaries in the references are in alphabetical order. Since the information in this article is from a limited number of sources, all of which are in alphabetical order, notes are omitted since the information is easily found on consecutive pages in one or more of the referenced books. A full listing would require hundreds, if not thousands, of notes and citations, which would be a large use of space for little real return. The first use of each reference, other than U.S. War Department {Wright}, is noted, mostly in connection with the first name in the list.

The abbreviation "USMA" refers to the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York and the year following the abbreviation is the year the general graduated from West Point. Similarly, the abbreviation "VMI" refers to the Virginia Military Institute at Lexington, Virginia. If no year follows the college name, the source gives no year and presumably the general left school before graduating. The abbreviations for the dates of ranks or grades are "rank" for the date the promotion was to rank from, "nom" from the date the officer was nominated for the office by President Jefferson Davis, and "conf" which is the date the promotion was confirmed by the Confederate Senate. The general is buried at his place of death unless otherwise noted.

This article is a work in progress. The editor who is most actively working on this intends to reorganize it and abbreviate and reduce the notes while keeping much of the content in some form or through links. Since a tag was placed on the article, and removed, and the discussion on article status was becoming long, the discussion on the plan for the article and the rationale for removing the tag since work on the article in line with the purpose of the tag will be continuing, has been moved to the talk page.

Confederate generals:

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

Assigned to duty by E. Kirby Smith

Incomplete appointments

State militia generals

A

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
75px	Adams, Daniel Weisiger	Brigadier General rank, nom: May 23, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	May or June 1821, Frankfort, Kentucky	June 13, 1872, New Orleans, Louisiana Buried: Jackson, Mississippi	Pre-war: Brother of Brigadier General William Wirt Adams. Lawyer in Mississippi and Louisiana. Son of a federal judge. Killed a newspaper editor who criticized father at Vicksburg.^[1] Acquitted of murder. Mississippi state senator, 1852-1856. Moved to Louisiana, entered business. War: Lieutenant colonel 1st Louisiana Regulars, later colonel. Lost right eye at the Battle of Shiloh. Fought at Battle of Perryville. Wounded at the Battle of Stones River (Murfreesboro). Wounded and captured at the Battle of Chickamauga. Later exchanged. In command in most of Alabama at end of war. Led cavalry brigade in opposition to Union General Wilson's 1865 raid into Alabama. Paroled May 9, 1865. Post-war: lawyer.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]
75px	Adams, John	Brigadier General rank: December 29, 1862 nom: January 9, 1863 re-nom: May 23, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	July 1, 1825, Nashville, Tennessee	November 30, 1864, Franklin, Tennessee Buried: Pulaski, Tennessee	Pre-war: United States Military Academy (USMA), 1846. Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned from U.S. Army, May 31, 1861. War: Appointed captain of cavalry in command at Memphis. Colonel, May 1862. Led Brigade at Siege of Vicksburg. Under Lieutenant General Polk in Mississippi and at Battle of Resaca, Georgia during Atlanta Campaign. Killed in action at head of Confederate assault at Battle of Franklin, Tennessee.
75px	Adams, William Wirt	Brigadier General rank: September 25, 1863 nom: September 28, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	March 22, 1819, Frankfort, Kentucky	May 1, 1888, Jackson, Mississippi	Pre-war: Brother of Brigadier General John Weisiger Adams. Army of the Republic of Texas. Planter, banker, Mississippi legislator in 1858 and 1860. War: Colonel, 1st Mississippi Cavalry. Independent cavalry command early in the war. Fought in Vicksburg campaign and with Lieutenant General Nathan Bedford Forrest in 1864–1865. Paroled May 12, 1865. Post-war: state revenue agent and postmaster of Jackson, Mississippi. Killed at Jackson by a newspaper editor with whom he had quarreled.
75px	Alexander, Edward Porter	Brigadier General rank: February 26, 1864 nom: March 1, 1864 conf: May 28, 1864 (Artillery) conf: June 10, 1864.	May 26, 1835, Washington, Georgia	April 28, 1910, Savannah, Georgia Buried: Augusta, Georgia	Pre-war: USMA, 1857. War: Captain of engineers. Signal officer for General Beauregard at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Chief of ordnance of Army of Northern Virginia, then Chief of Artillery of Confederate Lieutenant General James Longstreet's Corps. Directed artillery fire before Pickett's Charge at the Battle of Gettysburg. With Longstreet at Battle of Chickamauga, Knoxville Campaign, Battle of Spotsylvania, Battle of Cold Harbor and Siege of Petersburg. Paroled April 9, 1865. Post-war: professor of engineering, railroad president, rice planter, author and served in government posts.
75px	Allen, Henry Watkins	Brigadier General rank, nom: August 19, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	April 29, 1820, Prince Edward County, Virginia	April 22, 1866 Mexico City, Mexico Buried: Baton Rouge, Louisiana	Pre-war: Marion College, Missouri, graduate; Harvard Law School. Texas War of Independence veteran. Shot through the upper thighs in a duel, 1844. Louisiana legislator. War: Enlisted as private, immediately lieutenant colonel, soon colonel, 4th Louisiana Infantry. Wounded at Battle of Shiloh; leg shattered at Battle of Baton Rouge. Resigned January 10, 1864. Governor of Louisiana during last year of war. Excellent administrator for Trans-Mississippi Department. Post-war: Died of a stomach disorder in Mexico City, where he established an English language newspaper; buried in the Old State Capitol, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
75px	Allen, William W.	Brigadier General rank: February 26, 1864 nom: March 1, 1864 conf: June 9, 1864	September 11, 1835, New York City	November 24, 1894, Sheffield, Alabama Buried: Birmingham, Alabama	Pre-war: Raised in Montgomery, Alabama. Princeton University graduate, 1854. Planter. War: First lieutenant of Montgomery Mounted Rifles. Major, 1st Alabama Cavalry. Wounded at Perryville and Murfreesboro (Stones River). Cavalry brigade command in Maj. Gen. Wheeler's corps. Fought in Atlanta campaign. Appointed major general with temporary rank on March 4, 1865; Confederate Senate did not act on nomination. Paroled as a brigadier general, May 3, 1865. Post-war: adjutant general of Alabama, U.S. Marshal.
75px	Anderson, George Burgwyn	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 9, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	April 12, 1831, Hillsboro, North Carolina	October 16, 1862, Raleigh, North Carolina	Pre-war: Attended University of North Carolina; USMA, 1852. U.S. Army until 1861. War: Commanded 4th North Carolina Infantry at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas), then commanded at Manassas Junction. Battles: Battle of Williamsburg, Seven Days Battles. Wounded at the Battle of Malvern Hill. Fought at Battle of South Mountain. Mortally wounded at the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), September 17, 1862.
75px	Anderson, George T. "Tige"	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 1, 1862 conf. April 22, 1863	February 3, 1824, Covington, Georgia	April 4, 1901, Anniston, Alabama	Pre-war: Emory College student. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Colonel of 11th Georgia Infantry. Acting brigade commander, Seven Days Battles, Second Battle of Bull Run, Battle of Antietam. Brigadier general, Battles: Battle of Fredericksburg, Battle of Suffolk. Severely wounded at the Battle of Gettysburg. Attached to Longstreet's corps. Later Battles: Chickamauga, Knoxville Campaign, Overland Campaign, Siege of Petersburg. Paroled at Appomattox, April 9, 1865. Post-war: railroad agent, chief of police of Atlanta, Georgia and chief of police and county tax collector at Anniston, Alabama.
75px	Anderson, James Patton	Brigadier General rank, nom: February 10, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863 Major General nom: February 11, 1864 rank, conf: February 17, 1864	February 16, 1822, Franklin County, Tennessee.	September 20, 1872, Memphis, Tennessee	Pre-war: doctor, Mississippi legislator, Washington Territory marshal and delegate to U.S. Congress. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Colonel of 1st Florida Infantry. Battles: Pensacola, early in war, Shiloh, Perryville, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga, Chattanooga. Severely wounded at Battle of Jonesboro, Georgia. Rejoined army in North Carolina for surrender at Greensboro. Post-war: farm paper editor, tax collector.
75px	Anderson, Joseph R.	Brigadier general rank, nom: September 3, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	February 16, 1813, Botetourt County, Virginia.	September 7, 1892, Isle of Shoals, New Hampshire Buried: Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1836. War: Resigned as Confederate Army brigadier general on July 19, 1862 to resume control of Tredegar Iron Works, a main supplier of ordnance to the Confederate Army, in Richmond, Virginia. Post-war: Seized by federal government after war, Works were returned to owners in 1867. Anderson operated them until his death.
75px	Anderson, Richard Heron "Fighting Dick"	Brigadier general rank, nom: July 18, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank, nom: July 14, 1862 conf: September 27, 1862	October 7, 1821, Sumter County, South Carolina	June 26, 1879, Beaufort, South Carolina	Pre-war: USMA, 1842. Mexican-American War veteran. War: In command at Charleston, South Carolina when Gen. Beauregard left to fight in Virginia. Fought in Peninsula Campaign. Participated in nearly all Army of Northern Virginia actions. Promoted to Confederate lieutenant general with temporary rank after Lt. Gen. James Longstreet was wounded at the Battle of the Wilderness until Longstreet's return. Troops under his command were shattered and dispersed at the Battle of Sayler's Creek on April 6, 1865. Post-war: State phosphate agent.
75px	Anderson, Robert H.	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 26, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865	October 1, 1835, Savannah, Georgia	February 8, 1888, Savannah, Georgia	Pre-war: USMA, 1857. Resigned from U.S. Army in 1861. War: Special assistant to General W.H.T. Walker. Brigade was part of Wheeler's cavalry corps in all engagements through the surrender in North Carolina. Paroled May 3, 1865. Post-war: Chief of police of Savannah, Georgia, 1867–1888. Board of Visitors, USMA, 1879–1887.
	Anderson, Samuel Read	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 9, 1861 conf: August 18, 1861 rank: November 7, 1864 nom: November 15, 1864 conf: November 19, 1864	February 17, 1804, Bedford County Virginia	January 2, 1883, Nashville, Tennessee	Pre-war: Moved to Kentucky, then Tennessee. Mexican-American War veteran. Postmaster of Nashville for 8 years. War: Battles: West Virginia campaign, Peninsula campaign. Resigned as brigadier general in the Confederate Army in Spring 1862 due to ill health. Reappointed brigadier general to rank from November 7, 1864 in order to head the bureau of conscription for the State of Tennessee. No record of parole. Post-war: Merchant in Nashville.
75px	Archer, James J.	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 3, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	December 18, 1817, Bel Air, Maryland	October 24, 1864, Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: Princeton University, 1835, and University of Maryland law school graduate. Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer. Returned to U.S. Army in 1855. War: Brigadier general, June 3, 1862. All battles of Army of Northern Virginia from Seven Days Battles to Battle of Gettysburg. Captured on July 1, 1863 at Gettysburg. Confined for over a year, health shattered. Returned to duty for a brief period in summer 1864.
75px	Armistead, Lewis Addison "Lo"	Brigadier General nom: March 29, 1862 rank, conf: April 1, 1862	February 17, 1817, New Bern, North Carolina	July 5, 1863, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania Buried: Baltimore, Maryland	Pre-war: Dismissed from USMA but nonetheless appointed to U.S. Regular Army in 1839. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Colonel, 57th Virginia Infantry. Commanded a brigade in the division of Major General George Pickett from the Peninsula Campaign to the Battle of Gettysburg. Mortally wounded during Pickett's Charge at Gettysburg on July 3, 1863 when he and a small number of men reached the Union Army line. Died at a Union Army field hospital at Gettysburg.
75px	Armstrong, Frank Crawford	Brigadier General rank: January 20, 1863 nom: January 23, 1863 conf: April 23, 1863	November 22, 1835, Choctaw Agency, Indian Territory	September 8, 1909, Bar Harbor, Maine Buried: Georgetown, Washington, D.C.	Pre-war: Holy Cross Academy, Massachusetts, graduate. Stepson of pre-Civil War U.S. Army Brevet Major General Persifor Frazer Smith. War: Fought with the Union Army at the Battle of First Manassas (Bull Run). Resigned from Union Army on August 13, 1861 and joined the Confederate Army. Staffs of Confederate Generals McIntosh and McCullough. Fought at Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern). Appointment as brigadier general to rank from July 7, 1862 by Major General Van Dorn rescinded by Major General Sterling Price October 16, 1862 by order of President Davis. With various cavalry commanders through the Battle of Selma, Alabama. Paroled May 15, 1865. Post-war: Overland Mail Service and various Indian Affairs posts.
75px	Ashby, Turner	Brigadier General May 23, 1862 unconfirmed at death	October 23, 1828, Fauquier County, Virginia	June 6, 1862, near Harrisonburg, Virginia Buried: Winchester, Virginia	War: 7th Virginia Cavalry colonel. In charge of all cavalry in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862. Killed fighting a rear guard action against the Union Army pursuing Stonewall Jackson's forces at Good's Farm, near Harrisonburg, Virginia, on June 6, 1862 during Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862. Brigadier general appointment unconfirmed at death.

B

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
75px	Baker, Alpheus	Brigadier General	May 28, 1828, Abbeville District, South Carolina.	October 2, 1891, Louisville, Kentucky	Pre-war: lawyer. War: Captured at Island#10, exchanged. Severely wounded at the Battle of Baker's Creek in the Vicksburg Campaign. Brigadier general, March 5, 1864. Wounded at the Battle of Ezra Church. Other battles: Carolinas Campaign, Battle of Bentonville. Post-war lawyer. Moved to Louisville in 1878 and died there October 2, 1891.
75px	Baker, Laurence S.	Brigadier General	May 15, 1830, Gates County, North Carolina	April 10, 1907, Suffolk, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1851. War: 1st North Carolina Cavalry colonel. Army of Northern Virginia battles from Peninsula Campaign to Battle of Gettysburg. Brigadier general, July 23, 1863. Wounded several times. Departmental command in North Carolina. Fought at Battle of Bentonville. Paroled at Raleigh, North Carolina. Post-war: Farmer and later railroad agent at Suffolk, Virginia until his death.
75px	Baldwin, William Edwin	Brigadier General	July 27, 1827, Statesburg, South Carolina	February 19, 1864, near Dog River Factory, Alabama; Buried: Columbus, Mississippi	Pre-war: Book and stationery business in Columbus, Mississippi. Lieutenant of militia company for 12 years. War: Captain in 1861, took company to Pensacola. Colonel, 14th Mississippi Infantry. Captured at Fort Donelson and imprisoned until August 1862. Brigadier general September 19, 1862. Captured and exchanged at the Battle of Vicksburg. After exchange, assigned with command to District of Mobile, Alabama. Died after fall from a horse due to a broken stirrup.
75px	Barksdale, William	Brigadier General	August 21, 1821, Smyrna, Tennessee	July 3, 1863, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania Buried: Jackson, Mississippi	Pre-war: Attended University of Nashville. Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer, editor. Member of the United States House of Representatives from Mississippi, 1852–1861. War: Quartermaster general of Mississippi. Then commanded 13th Mississippi at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Brigadier general, August 12, 1862. All early battles of Army of Northern Virginia except Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas). Brigade was in cellars and behind fences in Fredericksburg, where they delayed Union Army crossing of the Rappahannock River before battle. Mortally wounded during assaults on Little Round Top on the second day of the Battle of Gettysburg, July 2, 1863; died July 3, 1863.
75px	Barringer, Rufus	Brigadier General	December 2, 1821, Cabarrus County, North Carolina	February 3, 1895, near Charlotte, North Carolina	Pre-war: University of North Carolina graduate. Lawyer, State legislator elected in 1848 and 1850. Served in early battles of Army of Northern Virginia with distinction but still a captain of 1st North Carolina Cavalry at Battle of Gettysburg. Brigadier general, June 1, 1864. Led a brigade in the Overland Campaign and Siege of Petersburg. Brigade virtually destroyed covering retreat from Richmond. Active in politics after war. Died on estate. Brother-in-law of Stonewall Jackson and D. H. Hill.
75px	Barry, John D.	Brigadier General	June 21, 1839, Wilmington, North Carolina	March 24, 1867, Wilmington, North Carolina	Pre-war: Educated at the University of North Carolina. War: Enlisted as private 18th North Carolina State Troops, captain in April 1862. Seven Days' Battles, Cedar Mountain, Second Manassas, Chantilly, Harper's Ferry, Antietam (Sharpsburg). Promoted major. After Chancellorsville, promoted colonel. Regiment took part in Pickett's Charge at Battle of Gettysburg. Appointed brigadier general, August 2, 1864, when Brigadier General James Henry Lane was wounded at the Battle of Cold Harbor. Lane returned a few days later; then Barry was wounded and disabled by a sharpshooter. Barry's appointment was canceled. Departmental duty. Post-war: Newspaper editor at Wilmington, North Carolina.
75px	Barton, Seth M.	Brigadier General	September 3, 1829, Fredericksburg, Virginia	April 11, 1900, Washington, D.C. Buried: Fredericksburg, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1849. War: Lieutenant colonel, 3rd Arkansas Infantry. Engineer for Stonewall Jackson in winter 1861–1862. Captured, paroled and exchanged in the Vicksburg Campaign. In command of Brig. Gen. Armistead's brigade after Armistead was killed at Gettysburg. Bravery unquestioned but criticized by Pickett at New Bern and by Ransom at Drewry's Bluff and relieved of command. Later assigned a brigade in the Richmond defenses. Taken prisoner at the Battle of Sayler's Creek, April 6, 1865. Post-war: Lived in Fredericksburg, Virginia.
	Bate, William Brimage	Major General	October 7, 1826, Bledsoe's Lick (later Castilian Springs), Tennessee	March 9, 1905, Washington, D.C. Buried: Nashville, Tennessee	Pre-war: Clerk on steamboat. Mexican-American War veteran. Studied law, editor, Tennessee State legislator in 1860. War: Colonel, 2d Tennessee Infantry. Severely wounded at the Battle of Shiloh. Brigadier general, October 3, 1862; major general, February 23, 1864. Participated in Tullahoma campaign and all engagements of the Army of Tennessee from the battle of Chickamauga until the army's surrender at Greensboro. Wounded 3 times. Post-war: lawyer. Governor of Tennessee, 1882–1886. United States Senator, 1886–1905.
75px	Battle, Cullen A.	Brigadier General	June 1, 1829, Powelton, Georgia	April 8, 1905, Greensboro, North Carolina Buried: Petersburg, Virginia	Pre-war: Family moved to Eufaula (then Irwinton), Alabama when seven years old. University of Alabama graduate. Lawyer, 1852. War: Lieutenant colonel of 3rd Alabama Infantry, Peninsula Campaign, colonel after Seven Pines. Antietam, Fredericksburg. Severely injured by a horse falling on him before the Battle of Chancellorsville. In Ramseur's brigade at Gettysburg. Brigadier general, August 20, 1863. Other battles: Wilderness, Spotsylvania, with Lt. Gen. Early in Valley Campaigns of 1864. Badly wounded and incapacitated for further field service at the Battle of Cedar Creek. No evidence of his promotion to major general. Post-war: Lawyer in Tuskegee, Alabama. The United States Congress refused to recognize his election as a U.S. Representative in 1868. Moved to New Bern, North Carolina, where editor, mayor.
75px	Beale, Richard Lee Turberville	Brigadier General	May 22, 1819, Hickory Hill, Virginia	April 21, 1893, Hague, Virginia Buried: Hickory Hill, Virginia	Pre-war: Dickinson College; University of Virginia graduate, 1837. Lawyer. Member of United States House of Representatives, 1847–1849. State senator, 1855–1860. War: First lieutenant of cavalry company that became part of 9th Virginia Cavalry. Served in all the cavalry campaigns of the Army of Northern Virginia, except for 3 months while recovering from a wound in autumn 1863. Took command of brigade under Gen. W.H.F. Lee in Fall 1864. Brigadier general, January 6, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer. Elected to the U.S. Congress again in 1878.
75px	Beall, William N.R.	Brigadier General	March 20, 1825, Bardstown, Kentucky	July 25, 1883, McMinnville, Tennessee Buried: Nashville, Tennessee	Pre-war: USMA, 1848. War: Resigned from U.S. Army, August 20, 1861; captain in Regular Army of Confederacy. In Arkansas with Gen. Van Dorn. Brigadier general, April 11, 1862. Surrendered at the Battle of Port Hudson. Paroled in 1864 to act as a Confederate agent to supply Confederate prisoners of war with proceeds of cotton sales permitted to come through the federal blockade to New York City. Released August 2, 1865. Post-war: General commission agent at St. Louis.
75px	Beauregard, Pierre G.T. "Bory" "The Little Napoleon"	General	May 28, 1818, Saint Bernard Parish, Louisiana	February 20, 1893, New Orleans, Louisiana	Pre-war: USMA, 1838. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Brigadier general in Provisional Army of the Confederacy, March 1, 1861. Commanded Confederate troops at Fort Sumter and Battle of First Manassas (Bull Run). Full general in Confederate Regular Army, July 21, 1861. Took command at the Battle of Shiloh after the death of General Albert Sidney Johnston. Abandoned Corinth, Mississippi to large Union force. Superseded by General Bragg while on sick leave. Bad relationshiop with Confederate President Jefferson Davis. Defended Charleston, South Carolina in 1863 and 1864. Discerned General Grant's move against Petersburg at the end of the Overland Campaign and blocked his move until Lee could catch up and defend Petersburg and Richmond. Served with General Joseph Johnston during the closing weeks of the war. Post-war: President of two railroads and adjutant general of Louisiana.
75px	Bee, Barnard E. Jr.	Brigadier General	February 8, 1824, Charleston, South Carolina	July 22, 1861, Manassas, Virginia Buried: Pendleton, South Carolina	Pre-war: Moved to Texas with parents. USMA, 1845. Mexican-American War veteran. Brother of Brig. Gen. Hamilton Bee. War: Lieutenant colonel of 1st South Carolina Regulars, artillery regiment. Brigadier general, June 17, 1861, posthumous confirmation over a month after death. Gave Lieutenant General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson his famous nickname at the Battle of First Manassas (Bull Run), where he was mortally wounded July 21, 1861 and died July 22, 1861.
75px	Bee, Hamilton Prioleau	Brigadier General	July 22, 1822, Charleston, South Carolina	October 3, 1897, San Antonio, Texas	Pre-war: Moved to Texas with parents. Mexican-American War veteran. Speaker of the Texas House of Representatives for one term before the war. Brother of Brig. Gen. Barnard Bee. War: Brigadier general of militia, 1861; brigadier general, March 4, 1862. In command at Brownsville, Texas. Did mostly administrative work until the Red River Campaign, where his performance was criticized. Later cavalry and infantry commands in the Trans-Mississippi Department. Post-war: Went to Mexico after the war; returned to San Antonio, 1876.
	Bell, Tyree H.	Brigadier General	September 5, 1815, Covington, Kentucky	September 1, 1902, New Orleans, Louisiana Buried: Sanger, California	Pre-war: Moved to father's plantation at Gallatin, Tennessee as a child. Planter. War: Captain of company of 12th Tennessee Infantry. Commanded regiment at Battles of Belmont, Shiloh and Richmond, Kentucky, promoted colonel in July 1862. Then cavalry commander, under Forrest later in the war. Led brigade from January 1864. Brigadier general, February 28, 1865. Post-war: Moved family to Fresno, California in 1875, successful farmer. Died while returning from a veterans reunion.
75px	Benning, Henry L. "Old Rock"	Brigadier General	April 2, 1814, Columbia County, Georgia	July 10, 1875, Columbus, Georgia	Pre-war: University of Georgia (then Franklin College) graduate, 1834. Six years as associate justice of Georgia Supreme Court. War: Colonel, 17th Georgia Infantry. Attached to Hood's division. Brigadier general, January 17, 1863. Took part in many engagements of the Army of Northern Virginia, paroled at Appomattox Court House. Post-war: Lawyer.
	Benton, Samuel	Brigadier General	October 18, 1820, probably in Williamson County, Tennessee	July 28, 1864, Atlanta, Georgia Buried: Holly Springs, Mississippi	Pre-war: Settled in Holly Springs, Mississippi. Lawyer, State legislator, Mississippi secession convention delegate. War: Captain in 9th Mississippi Infantry, 12-month regiment. Colonel, 37th (later 34th) Mississippi Infantry in 1862. Served in North Mississippi and Middle Tennessee early in the war. Mortally wounded during the Battle of Atlanta, July 22, 1864. Died before receiving his commission as brigadier general to rank from July 26, 1864. Nephew of U.S. Senator Thomas Hart Benton.
	Blanchard, Albert G.	Brigadier General	September 10, 1810, Charlestown, Massachusetts	June 21, 1891, New Orleans, Louisiana	Pre-war: USMA, 1829. Resigned in 1840 and lived in New Orleans in various occupations. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Colonel, 1st Louisiana Infantry. Brigadier general, September 21, 1861. War record mainly in camps of instruction, on conscript duty and court of inquiry. Post-war: assistant city surveyor of New Orleans until death.
	Boggs, William R.	Brigadier General	March 18, 1829, Augusta, Georgia	September 11, 1911, Winston-Salem, North Carolina	Pre-war: USMA, 1853. War: Staff officer, engineer in 1861–1862 for Gen. Beauregard at Charleston and Gen. Bragg at Pensacola. Brigadier general, November 4, 1862. Chief of staff for General E. Kirby Smith in the Trans-Mississippi Department. Post-war: Returned to Georgia but soon moved to St. Louis where he was a civil engineer. Taught mechanics at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech), 1875–1881. Retired to Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
75px	Bonham, Milledge Luke	Brigadier General	December 25, 1813, Edgefield District, South Carolina	August 27, 1890, White Sulphur Springs, North Carolina; Buried: Columbia South Carolina	Pre-war: Graduate of South Carolina College (now the University of South Carolina), 1834. Seminole Wars and Mexican-American War veteran. Member of U.S. House of Representatives between 1857 and 1860. War: Brigadier general, April 23, 1861. Resigned commission as brigadier general in January 1862 to take seat in Confederate Congress. Governor of South Carolina between January 1863 and January 1865. Reappointed brigadier general on February 1865 and with General Joseph E. Johnston in closing months of the war. Post-war: lawyer, State legislator. South Carolina state railroad commissioner, 1878–1890.
75px	Bowen, John Stevens	Major General	October 30, 1830, Savannah, Georgia	July 13, 1863, near Raymond, Mississippi Buried: Vicksburg, Mississippi	Pre-war: USMA, 1853. Resigned 3 years later and was an architect at St. Louis. War: Captain of Missouri militia; chief of staff to Gen. D. M. Frost. Captured at Camp Jackson, Missouri by Union Brig. Gen. Nathaniel Lyon. Colonel of Confederate 1st Missouri Infantry. Fought at Columbus, Kentucky. Brigadier general, March 14, 1862. Wounded at Shiloh. Opposed Grant at Port Hudson. Major general, May 25, 1863. Health weakened by dysentery during Vicksburg campaign. Paroled after surrender of Vicksburg on July 4, 1863 and died 9 days later, aged 32.
75 px	Bragg, Braxton	General	March 22, 1817, Warrenton, North Carolina	September 27, 1876, Galveston, Texas Buried: Mobile, Alabama	Pre-war: USMA, 1837. Seminole Wars and Mexican-American War veteran. War: Brigadier general March 7, 1861, assigned to Gulf Coast between Pensacola, Florida and Mobile, Alabama. Major general, September 12, 1861. Battle of Shiloh. Full general to rank from April 6, 1862. Commanded the Army of Tennessee between June 1862 and November 1863. Invasion of Kentucky ended with defeat at Perryville and forced to withdraw from Murfreesboro, Tennessee after battle (Stones River). Victor at Chickamauga but Union Maj. Gen. U.S. Grant forced retreat from Chattanooga. Transferred command to General Joseph E. Johnston at his own request. Thereafter charged with the conduct of military operations of the Confederate armies until he joined with General Joseph E. Johnston in his final campaign in North Carolina. Favorite of President Jefferson Davis but detested by many other generals. Post-war: chief engineer of Alabama. Moved to Texas, fell dead while walking down a street in Galveston, Texas with a friend.
75 px	Branch, Lawrence O'Bryan	Brigadier General	November 28, 1820, Enfield, North Carolina	September 17, 1862, Sharpsburg, Maryland Buried: Raleigh, North Carolina	Pre-war: Princeton University graduate, 1838, age 18. Newspaper editor in Tennessee, lawyer in Florida. Member of U.S. House of Representatives from North Carolina, 1855–1861. War: Quartermaster and paymaster of North Carolina. Colonel, 33rd North Carolina, Infantry. Brigadier general, November 16, 1861. Battles: New Bern, Seven Days' Battles, Harper's Ferry. Killed at Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg) on September 17, 1862 by a Union sharpshooter who fired into a group of four generals, including A. P. Hill.
	Brandon, William L.	Brigadier General	1800 or 1802, near Washington, Mississippi	October 8, 1890, Wilkinson County, Mississippi Buried: Pinckneyville, Mississippi	Pre-war: Educated at Washington College and the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University). Planter, state legislator, major general of militia. War: Lieutenant colonel, 21st Mississippi Infantry. Lost a leg at the Battle of Malvern Hill. Served at Chickamauga and Knoxville with Longstreet. Promoted to brigadier general to rank from June 18, 1864 and placed in command of recruiting for Mississippi on the same date. Post-war: Returned to plantation in Wilkinson County, Mississippi.
	Brantley, William F.	Brigadier General	March 12, 1830, Greene County, Alabama	November 2, 1870, Winona, Mississippi Buried: Tomnolen, Mississippi	Pre-war: family moved to Mississippi. Lawyer. War: Captain of 15th, later 29th, Mississippi Infantry. Commanded 29th Mississippi at Battles of Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga and Chattanooga. Brigadier general, July 26, 1864. Fought in Atlanta and Tennessee campaigns and with General Joseph E. Johnston in North Carolina campaign. Murdered near Winona, Mississippi,.
75 px	Bratton, John "Reliable"	Brigadier General	March 7, 1841, Winnsboro, South Carolina	January 12, 1898, Winnsboro, South Carolina	Pre-war: Educated at South Carolina College (now the University of South Carolina). Practiced medicine. War: Private, soon captain, 6th South Carolina Infantry. At Fort Sumter. Re-enlisted in Confederate service as private, rapidly promoted to colonel. Wounded and captured at the Battle of Seven Pines, exchanged. With Army of Northern Virginia through the war. Brigadier general, May 6, 1864. Surrendered largest brigade at Appomattox Court House. Post-war: State senator, 1865–1866; U.S. Representative, 1884–1885.
75 px	Breckinridge, John C.	Major General	January 15, 1821, Lexington, Kentucky	May 17, 1875, Lexington, Kentucky	Pre-war: Graduate of Centre College, 1839, studied law at Transylvania University. Member of Kentucky legislature, 1849–1851 and U.S. House of Representatives, 1851–1855. In 1856, at age 35, elected Vice President of the United States on the Democrat Party ticket with James Buchanan as President. Resigned early to take seat in U.S. Senate 1859–1861. War: Commissioned Confederate brigadier general, November 2, 1861. Commanded the Reserve Corps at the Battle of Shiloh. Major general, April 14, 1862. Fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Murfreesboro and Chickamauga. Commanded Department of Southwest Virginia in early 1864, then joined Lt. Gen. Jubal Early's 1864 Shenandoah Valley Campaign and raid on Washington. Appointed Confederate Secretary of War on February 4, 1865. Post-War: Went to England and Canada after the war, returned to Kentucky in 1869. Resumed law practice. Died from results of a serious operation, 1875, aged 54.
	Brevard, Theodore W.	Brigadier General	August 26, 1835, Tuskegee, Alabama	June 20, 1882, Tallahassee, Florida	Pre-war: Moved with family to Florida in 1847. Studied law at University of Virginia, member of Florida Bar in 1858 and elected to state assembly. War: Raised a battalion of Partisan Rangers and fought at Battle of Olustee; then went to join the Army of Northern Virginia with the 11th Florida Volunteer Infantry Regiment, soon as colonel. Last general officer appointed by President Jefferson Davis, March 28, 1865, to rank from March 22, 1865. Post-war: lawyer.
75 px	Brown, John Calvin	Major General	January 6, 1827, Giles County, Tennessee	August 17, 1889, Boiling Springs, Tennessee Buried: Pulaski, Tennessee	Pre-war: Graduate of Jackson College, Jackson, Tennessee, 1846; lawyer. War: Enlisted as a private, but soon appointed colonel of 3rd Tennessee Infantry. Captured at Fort Donelson, later exchanged. Brigadier general, August 30, 1862; Major general, August 4, 1864. Wounded at Perryville. Fought with Army of Tennessee until severely wounded at the Battle of Franklin. Post-war: In 1870, became first Democrat governor of Tennessee after the war. Defeated in 1875 election for U.S. Senate seat by former President Andrew Johnson. President of Texas & Pacific Railway and Tennessee Coal, Iron & Railroad Company.
75 px	Browne, William Montague "Constitution"	Brigadier General	1823, Dublin, Ireland	April 23, 1883, Athens, Georgia	Pre-war: Crimean War veteran; emigrated to U.S. in 1855; newspaper editor. War: aide to Jefferson Davis with rank of colonel of cavalry; interim Secretary of State for a month in early 1862; briefly commanded brigade in defense of Savannah; nomination as brigadier general with temporary rank, November 11, 1864, rejected by Confederate Senate, February 18, 1865. Post-war: history and constitutional law professor at University of Georgia.
75 px	Bryan, Goode	Brigadier General	August 31, 1811, Hancock County, Georgia	August 16, 1885, Augusta, Georgia	Pre-war: USMA, 1834; resigned from army, 1835. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Fought with Army of Northern Virginia from Peninsula campaign through Gettysburg and with 1st Corps at Knoxville. Brigadier general, August 29, 1863. Resigned after Overland Campaign, September 20, 1864, due to failing health. Post-war: Semi-retired for many years.
75 px	Buckner, Simon Bolivar	Lieutenant General	April 1, 1823, Hart County, Kentucky	January 8, 1914, Munfordville, Kentucky Buried: Frankfort, Kentucky	Pre-war: USMA, 1844. Earned two brevets in Mexican-American War. War: Brigadier general, September 14, 1861. Left by Brig. Generals Pillow and Floyd to surrender Fort Donelson. Fought at the Battle of Perryville and Battle of Chickamauga; fortified Mobile. Lieutenant general, September 20, 1864. In Trans-Mississippi as chief of staff to General E. Kirby Smith after Chickamauga. Post-war: Governor of Kentucky, 1887; vice-presidential candidate of "Gold Democrats", 1896. Died January 8, 1914, aged 91, last survivor of 3 highest grades of general in Confederate Army. His son, Lt. Gen. Simon Bolivar Buckner, Jr., born July 18, 1886, was the highest ranking United States Army officer killed by enemy fire in World War II during the Battle of Okinawa.
75 px	Buford, Abraham	Brigadier General	January 18, 1820, Woodford, Kentucky	June 9, 1884, Danville, Indiana Buried: Lexington, Kentucky	Pre-war: USMA, 1841. Earned brevet in Mexican-American War. Resigned in 1854 to run his stock farm. War: Remained out of war while Kentucky officially remained "neutral." Two cousins were Union Army generals. Joined Confederate Army as brigadier general from September 2, 1862. Fought in Vicksburg campaign, then with Lt. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest until surrender. Post-war: Returned to farm. One term as Kentucky legislator. Encountered severe financial problems. Committed suicide.
75 px	Bullock, Robert	Brigadier General	December 8, 1828, Greenville, North Carolina	July 27, 1905, Ocala, Florida	Pre-war: Moved to Florida at age 16. Clerk of circuit court of Marion County, Florida before war. Fought against Seminoles in 1856. War: Captain of 7th Florida Infantry, promoted through grades to colonel. Chickamauga, Atlanta campaign, Franklin-Nashville campaign. Brigadier general, November 29, 1864. Badly wounded in retreat after the Battle of Nashville. Post-war: probate judge, lawyer, court clerk, state legislator and two-term Member of Congress. Judge of circuit court when died.
75 px	Butler, Matthew Calbraith	Major General	March 8, 1836, Greenville, South Carolina	April 14, 1909, Washington, D.C. Buried: Edgefield, South Carolina	Pre-war: Educated at South Carolina College (University of South Carolina); lawyer; son-in-law of South Carolina Governor Francis Wilkinson Pickens; state legislator. War: Captain in Hampton's Legion at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Colonel of 2nd South Carolina Cavalry, August 1862. Lost right foot at Battle of Brandy Station in June 1863. Brigadier general, September 1, 1863; major general, September 19, 1864. Served under Maj. Gen. Jeb Stuart and Lt. Gen. Wade Hampton. Post-war: United States Senator, 1876–1894. Major general of U.S. Volunteers in 1898 through April 15, 1899 in Spanish-American War. Member of commission for Spanish evacuation of Cuba. President of mining company in Mexico, president of Southern Historical Association.

C

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
75 px	Cabell, William L.	Brigadier General	January 1, 1827, Danville, Virginia.	February 22, 1911, Dallas, Texas	Pre-war: USMA, 1850. War: Chief quartermaster at Battle of First Manassas; staff officer for General Joseph E. Johnston and Major General Earl Van Dorn. Brigadier general, January 20, 1863. Cavalry commander under Major General Sterling Price. Taken prisoner of war during Price's 1864 Missouri Raid. Prisoner, October 1864 – August 1865. Post-war: lawyer; four-term mayor of Dallas, Texas; railroad vice president; supervisor of Louisiana State Lottery and successor Honduras National Lottery,1893–1907.
	Campbell, Alexander William	Brigadier General	June 4, 1828, Nashville, Tennessee	June 13, 1893, Jackson, Tennessee	Pre-war: Educated at West Tennessee College and Lebanon Law School. War: Enlisted as private. Colonel of 33rd Tennessee Infantry Regiment at Battle of Shiloh; severely wounded. Captured at Lexington, Tennessee July 1863 while on a mission for the governor. Not exchanged until February 1865. Brigadier general, March 1, 1865. Commanded a brigade in Brig. Gen. William Hicks Jackson's division in Lt. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest's corps. Post-war: Lawyer.
	Cantey, James	Brigadier General	December 30, 1818, Camden, South Carolina	June 30, 1874, Fort Mitchell, Alabama	Pre-war: Educated at South Carolina College (University of South Carolina); lawyer. Two-term state legislator. Mexican-American War veteran. Moved to Alabama, planter. War: Colonel of 15th Alabama Infantry Regiment; served in Jackson's Valley Campaign. Brigadier general in western army from January 8, 1863; frequently in ill health. Brigade was in Atlanta campaign, with Hood in Tennessee campaign and surrendered with General Joseph Johnston in North Carolina. No record of Brigadier General Cantey's capture or parole. Post-war: Died on his plantation at Fort Mitchell, Alabama.
75 px	Capers, Ellison	Brigadier General	October 14, 1837, Charleston, South Carolina	April 22, 1908, Columbia, South Carolina	Pre-war: South Carolina Military Academy (The Citadel) graduate, 1857. Teacher. War: Regiment participated in bombardment of Fort Sumter. Served in North Carolina, South Carolina, at Battle of Chickamauga, in Chattanooga campaign, with General Hood in Tennessee. Promoted to brigadier general after death of Brig. Gen. States Rights Gist at the Battle of Franklin, to rank from March 1, 1865. Post-war: Long career as Episcopal minister.
75 px	Carroll, William Henry	Brigadier General	About 1810, Nashville, Tennessee	May 3, 1868, Montreal, Quebec, Canada	Pre-war: Eldest son of six-term governor of Tennessee, William Carroll. Operated plantation in Mississippi, then postmaster of Memphis from 1848. War: Colonel of 37th Tennessee Infantry Regiment. Brigadier general on October 26, 1861. Proclaimed martial law in Knoxville, Tennessee. Criticized for conduct at Battle of Fishing Creek. Arrested by Lt. Gen. Hardee for drunkenness, incompetency and neglect. Resigned February 1, 1863 and went to Canada. Post-war: Died in Montreal on May 3, 1868, aged about 58 years.
	Carter, John C.	Brigadier General	December 19, 1837, Waynesboro, Georgia	December 10, 1864, Franklin, Tennessee	Pre-war: Attended University of Virginia; studied law at Cumberland University. War: Captain 38th Tennessee Infantry. Battles: Shiloh, Perryville, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga. Rapidly promoted to colonel, became brigadier general during Atlanta campaign to rank from July 7, 1864. Temporary division command at Battle of Jonesboro. Mortally wounded at the Battle of Franklin, Tennessee on November 30, 1864; died December 10, 1864 at the Harrison home, 3 miles (4.8 km) south of battlefield.
75 px	Chalmers, James R.	Brigadier General	January 11, 1831, Halifax County, Virginia	April 9, 1898, Memphis, Tennessee	Pre-war: Graduate of South Carolina College (now the University of South Carolina); lawyer, pre-war district attorney. War: Colonel 9th Mississippi Infantry, commanded at Pensacola. Brigadier general, February 13, 1862. Fought at Battle of Shiloh, Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River); later served in cavalry under Forrest, Hood. Post-war: three-term Congressman from Mississippi. Moved to Memphis in 1888 and practiced law until his death.
75 px	Chambliss, John R.	Brigadier General	January 23, 1833, Hicksford (now Emporia), Virginia.	August 16, 1864, Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1853. Resigned from army in 1854. Planter, militia officer, aide-de-camp to Virginia governor. War: Colonel 41st Virginia Infantry, then in July 1861, colonel 13th Virginia Cavalry. Maryland campaign and subsequent cavalry actions of Army of Northern Virgina. Brigadier general, December 19, 1863. Killed in action at the head of his cavalry brigade in engagement north of James River on Charles City Road.
75 px	Cheatham, Benjamin F.	Major General	October 20, 1820, Nashville, Tennessee	September 4, 1886, Nashville, Tennessee	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Farmer, major general of Tennessee militia. War: Brigadier general July 9, 1861, major general March 10, 1862, fought in major western theater battles. Hood charged he allowed Union troops to escape from Spring Hill, Tennessee in late 1864 which permitted them to set up defenses for the Battle of Franklin but historians such as Ezra Warner side with Cheatham. Post-war: Superintendent of state prisons, postmaster at Nashville.
75 px	Chesnut, James Jr.	Brigadier General	January 18, 1815, Camden, South Carolina	February 1, 1885, Camden, South Carolina	Pre-war: Princeton University graduate, 1835. South Carolina legislator. U.S. Senator from South Carolina, 1858–1860. War: Aide to General Beauregard at Fort Sumter. Staff of President Jefferson Davis. Brigadier general, April 23, 1864. Post-war: Reconstruction era politician. Husband of diarist Mary Boykin Chesnut.
75 px	Chilton, Robert H.	Brigadier General	February 25, 1815, Loudon County, Virginia	February 18, 1879 Columbus, Georgia	Pre-war: USMA, 1837. Captain of dragoons in Mexican-American War. War: Initially lieutenant colonel in Adjutant and Inspector General Department of CSA. Chief of staff to General Robert E. Lee; inspector general of Army of Northern Virginia. Brigadier general, February 16, 1864. Relieved of duty in field at own request in April 1864, finished war in charge of inspection branch in department of Richmond. Post-war: President of manufacturing company at Columbus, Georgia.
75 px	Churchill, Thomas J.	Major General	March 10, 1834, Jefferson County, Kentucky	May 14, 1905, Little Rock, Arkansas	Pre-war: Educated at St. Mary's College (Kentucky), Transylvania University. Mexican-American War veteran. Moved to Little Rock, Arkansas where he was postmaster in 1861. War: Recruited First Arkansas Mounted Rifles. Fought at Wilson's Creek. Brigadier general, March 4, 1862. Fought at Battle of Richmond, Kentucky. Surrendered at Battle of Arkansas Post. Participated in Red River Campaign and Battle of Jenkins' Ferry. Promoted to major general March 18, 1865. Post-war: Arkansas treasurer, governor. Blamed for and had judgment against him for treasury shortfall, which he made good; seems he did not personally profit.
	Clanton, James H.	Brigadier General	January 8, 1827, Columbia County, Georgia	September 27, 1871, Knoxville, Tennessee	Pre-war: Moved to Alabama in 1835. Mexican-American War veteran; lawyer; Alabama legislator; originally opposed secession. War: Colonel, 1st Alabama Cavalry. At Battles of Shiloh, Farmington, Booneville. Brigadier general, November 1863. Atlanta campaign. Badly wounded at Bluff Spring, Florida in March 1865. Post-war: Alabama Democratic Party leader. Assassinated by drunken ex-Federal officer.
75 px	Clark, Charles	Brigadier General	May 24, 1811, Lebanon, Ohio	December 18, 1877, Bolivar County, Mississippi	Pre-war: Educated in Kentucky, moved to Mississippi about 1831. Teacher, planter. Mississippi legislator, 1838–1844. Mexican-American War volunteer colonel from Mississippi. War: Brigadier general, May 22, 1861. Severely wounded at Shiloh and again at the Battle of Baton Rouge. Governor of Mississippi, 1863–1865. Confined at Fort Pulaski for a time after the war. Post-war: Lawyer, chancellor of district. Died at plantation in Bolivar County, Mississippi.
75 px	Clark, John Bullock Jr.	Brigadier General	January 14, 1831, Fayette, Missouri	September 7, 1903, Washington, D.C.	Pre-war: Educated at University of Missouri and Harvard University Law School. Lawyer. War: Lieutenant, then captain, Confederate 6th Missouri Infantry. Major at Battles of Carthage and Springfield, Missouri. As colonel, commanded a brigade at the Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern). Served in the Trans-Mississippi Department. Brigadier general, March 6, 1864. Closing operations in Trans-Mississippi Department. Post-War: U.S. Representative, 1873–1883. From 1883 until 1889, served as the Clerk of the House of Representatives. Practiced law in Washington, D.C. from 1889 until his death.
75 px	Clayton, Henry DeLamar	Major General	March 7, 1827, Pulaski County, Georgia	October 13, 1889, Tuscaloosa, Alabama	Pre-war: Graduate of Emory and Henry College in Virginia. Lawyer. Elected twice to the Alabama House of Representatives. Colonel, 1st Alabama Infantry, at Pensacola. Recruited 39th Alabama Infantry. Severely wounded at the Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River) but recovered and was active in several more campaigns, including the Battles of Chickamauga and Chattanooga (III), and the 1864 Atlanta Campaign. Brigadier general, April 22, 1863; major general, July 7, 1864. Fought in Franklin-Nashville campaign; led rear guard in retreat. Surrendered with Gen. Joseph E. Johnson in North Carolina. Post-war: circuit court judge; president of the University of Alabama until his death.
75 px	Cleburne, Patrick R.	Major General	March 17, 1828, County Cork, Ireland	November 30, 1864, Franklin, Tennessee; Buried: Helena, Arkansas	Pre-war: Three years service in British Army. Emigrated to Cincinnati in 1849, then Helena, Arkansas. Lawyer. War: Colonel of 15th Arkansas Infantry in 1861. Brigadier general to rank from March 4, 1862; major general from December 13, 1862. Battles: Shiloh, Perryville, Murfreesboro (Stones River) and others in western theater, including the retreat from the Battle of Chattanooga where he saved trains of Army of Tennessee. Proposed abolition of slavery, arming slaves to fight for Confederacy in January 1864. Killed in action leading division at the Battle of Franklin. Referred to as the "Stonewall of the West".
75 px	Clingman, Thomas Lanier	Brigadier General	July 17, 1812, Huntsville, North Carolina	November 3, 1897, Morgantown, North Carolina	Pre-war: University of North Carolina graduate, 1832. Lawyer, politician. Elected to State legislature, 1835. Democratic member of U.S. House of Representatives, 1843–1845, 1847–1858 and the U.S. Senate, 1858–1861; refused to resign his Senate seat at start of Civil war and was one of ten senators expelled from the Senate in absentia. War: Served mainly in the Carolinas, and at Battles of Drewry's Bluff and Cold Harbor and Siege of Petersburg. Badly wounded in battle on the Weldon Railroad in August 1864. Post-war: explored and measured mountains in western North Carolina and Tennessee.
75 px	Cobb, Howell	Major General	September 7, 1815, Jefferson County, Georgia	October 9, 1868, New York, New York; Buried: Athens, Georgia	Pre-war: University of Georgia graduate, 1834. Secretary of Treasury under President James Buchanan. War: Brigadier general, February 12, 1862, major general, September 9, 1863. Suggested building a prisoner-of-war camp in southern Georgia which led to establishment of Andersonville prison. Vehemently opposed Robert E. Lee's proposal of enlisting slaves into the army. Surrendered at Macon, Georgia on April 20, 1865. Post-war: After receiving a presidential pardon in 1868, publicly denounced Reconstruction. Died in New York City on a business trip. Brother of Brig. Gen. Thomas Reade Rootes Cobb.
75 px	Cobb, Thomas Reade Rootes	Brigadier General	April 10, 1823, Jefferson County, Georgia	December 13, 1862, Fredericksburg, Virginia	Pre-warL University of Georgia graduate. Lawyer, editor of Georgia Supreme Court reports. Best known for his treatise on the law of slavery titled An Inquiry into the Law of Negro Slavery in the United States of America (1858) and as one of the founders of the University of Georgia School of Law. War: Recruited Cobb's Legion, colonel. Battles: Seven Days' Battles, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Maryland campaign. Brigadier general, November 1, 1862. During the war, served on the Confederate Congress, where he was a member of the committee that drafted the Confederate constitution. Mortally wounded at the sunken road at the Battle of Fredricksburg. Brother of Maj. Gen. Howell Cobb.
75 px	Cocke, Philip St. George	Brigadier General	April 17, 1809, Fluvanna County, Virginia	December 26, 1861, Fluvanna County, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1832. Served as adjutant in the U.S. army for two years, then resigned to become a cotton planter. President of Virginia Agricultural Society. VMI Board of Visitors for 9 years. After John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry, organized militia infantry in his home county in Virginia. War: Brigadier general of state troops, Confederate colonel, then brigadier general, October 31, 1861. Led troops in the Battle of Blackburn's Ford and the Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Returned home after eight months in field due to ill health, became depressed and committed suicide December 26, 1861.
75 px	Cockrell, Francis M.	Brigadier General	October 1, 1834, Warrensburg, Mississippi	December 13, 1915, Washington, D.C. Buried: Warrensburg, Mississippi	Pre-war: Graduated from Chapel Hill College, Lafayette County, Missouri, 1853. War: Joined Confederate army as a captain; fought in several early battles in Missouri. Wounded in Vicksburg Campaign. Promoted to brigadier general, July 18, 1863. Atlanta campaign. Severely wounded at Battle of Franklin. Captured at Mobile. Post-war: lawyer, U.S. Senator from Missouri 1875–1905. Appointed by President Theodore Roosevelt to the Interstate Commerce Commission, 1905–1910. Texas–New Mexico boundary commissioner. War Department Director of Ordnance, 1912–1915.
75 px	Colquitt, Alfred Holt	Brigadier General	April 20, 1824, Monroe, Georgia	March 26, 1894, Washington, D.C.	Pre-war: Princeton University, class of 1844. Lawyer, Staff major in Mexican-American War. U.S. Congressman, 1852, 1 term. Member of Georgia Legislature, 1859. War: Colonel, 6th Georgia Infantry, May 1861. Battles: Peninsula campaign, Seven Days' Battles, Antietam (Sharpsburg), Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville. Brigadier general appointment to rank from September 1, 1862. In command at Battle of Olustee, Florida. At Siege of Petersburg; paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina. Post-war: Governor of Georgia, 1876–1882. U.S. Senator from Georgia, 1882–1894.
75 px	Colston, Raleigh E. "Parlez"	Brigadier General	October 21, 1825, Paris, France	July 29, 1896, Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: Adopted son of Virginia doctor. VMI graduate, 1846; professor of French at VMI until 1861. War: Brigadier genera; promotion December 23, 1861. Served under Beauregard at Petersburg after Battle of Chancellorsville. Post-war: Military school in North Carolina, colonel in Egyptian army sustaining severe injuries. Died at the Confederate Soldiers' Home, Richmond, Virginia.
	Conner, James	Brigadier General	September 1, 1829, Charleston, South Carolina	June 26, 1883, Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: South Carolina College graduate, 1849. U.S. District Attorney, 1856. Prosecuted case of slave ship Echo. War: Captain in Hampton's Legion at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas), colonel of 22nd North Carolina Infantry after Battle of Seven Pines. Brigadier general, June 1, 1864. Lost leg at Cedar Creek, Virginia skirmish, October 13, 1864. Post-war: Attorney General of South Carolina, 1876.
75 px	Cook, Philip	Brigadier General	July 31, 1817, Twiggs County, Georgia	May 21, 1894, Atlanta, Georgia	Pre-war: Oglethorpe University graduate; University of Virginia Law School graduate, 1841. State senator. War: Private in 4th Georgia Infantry Regiment, then adjutant, then lieutenant colonel after Seven Days Battles, colonel after Antietam (Sharpsburg). Brigadier general, August 5, 1864. Wounded several times, the last at Fort Stedman on March 25, 1865. Post-war: U.S. Congressman, 1873–1883; Secretary of State of Georgia, 1890–1894.
	Cooke, John Rogers	Brigadier General	June 9, 1833, Jefferson Barracks, Missouri	April 10, 1891, Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: Harvard University graduate, 1855. Commissioned into U.S. Army. Son of Union Brigadier General (Brevet Major General) Philip St. George Cooke and brother-in-law of Jeb Stuart. Colonel, 27th North Carolina Infantry, April 1862. Brigadier general, November 1, 1862. Participated in all major campaigns of Army of Northern Virginia. Wounded 7 times. Post-war: Merchant and a founder of Confederate Soldiers Home at Richmond, Virginia.
	Cooper, Douglas H.	Brigadier General	November 1, 1815, probably Amite County, Mississippi	April 29, 1879, Old Fort Washita now Bryan County, Oklahoma	Pre-war: Attended University of Virginia, 1832–1834. Planter in Wilkinson County, Mississippi. Mexican-American War veteran. U.S. agent to Choctaw Nation, 1853. War: Colonel of 1st Choctaw and Chickasaw Mounted Rifles. Brigadier general, May 2, 1863. Commanded Indian brigade in Sterling Price's Missouri campaign, 1864. Post-war: Prosecuted Indian claims against government. Died April 29, 1879, Old Fort Washita, Chickasaw Nation, now Bryan County, Oklahoma.
75 px	Cooper, Samuel	General	June 12, 1798, Dutchess County, New York	December 3, 1876, Alexandria Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1815. Appointed Adjutant General of the U.S. Army in 1852. Married a sister of U.S. Senator James Murray Mason of Virginia. War: Ranking general officer of the Confederate Army, Adjutant and Inspector General throughout the war. Never in field command but contributed valuable organizational skills. Turned his records over to the U.S. authorities upon surrender. Post-war: Died on his farm near Alexandria, Virginia.
75 px	Corse, Montgomery Dent	Brigadier General	March 14, 1816, Alexandria, Virgina	February 11, 1895, Alexandria, Virgina	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Banker. War: Colonel 17th Virginia Infantry Regiment, reduced to seven men at Battle of Antietam. Brigadier general, November 1, 1862. Other battles: First Manassas, Yorktown, Williamsburg, Seven Pines, Seven Days' Battles, in Tennessee, North Carolina, Siege of Petersburg. On detached duty during Gettysburg. Brigade fought well at Five Forks. Captured at Battle of Sayler's Creek. Post-war: Resumed banking business.
	Cosby, George B.	Brigadier General	January 19, 1830, Louisville, Kentucky	June 29, 1909, Oakland, California	Pre-war: USMA, 1852. War: Staff major for Brig. Gen. Buckner at Fort Donelson. Brigadier general promotion to rank from January 20, 1863. Led cavalry brigade under Van Dorn and in campaign to relieve Vicksburg under General Joseph E. Johnston. Then in Department of West Virginia and East Tennessee. Post-war: Farmer, Board of State Engineers and federal government positions in California; West Point Board of Visitors. Suicide June 29, 1909, aged 79, at Oakland, California, allegedly due to effects of old wounds.
75 px	Cox, William Ruffin	Brigadier General	March 11, 1832, Scotland Neck, North Carolina	December 26, 1919, Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: Lawyer in Tennessee, returned to North Carolina, 1857. War: Major, 2nd North Carolina Infantry. Continuously with Army of Northern Virginia. Appointed brigadier general with temporary rank from May 31, 1864. Wounded eleven times. Post-war: Member of U.S. House of Representatives, 1880–1886; Secretary of U.S, Senate, 1893–1900. Prominent Mason. Died December 26, 1919, Richmond, Virginia, one of the last surviving Confederate generals.
75 px	Crittenden, George Bibb	Major General	March 20, 1812, Russellville, Kentucky	November 27, 1880, Frankfort, Kentucky	Pre-war: USMA, 1832. Brother of Union Major General Thomas L. Crittenden. Black Hawk War veteran. Texas Army, captured in Mier Expedition. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Brigadier general, August 15, 1861; major general, November 9, 1861. Resigned commission after badly defeated at Battle of Fishing Creek (Mill Springs) when disobedience by Brig. Gen. Felix Zollicoffer, who died in the battle, put the army in jeopardy. Continued to serve in subordinate capacities. Post-war: Librarian of State of Kentucky.
75 px	Cumming, Alfred	Brigadier General	January 30, 1829, Augusta, Georgia	December 5, 1910, Rome, Georgia	Pre-war: USMA, 1849. Mormon Expedition. War: Lt. Col. 10th Georgia Infantry, June 1861. Brigadier general, October 29, 1862. Captured at Vicksburg and later exchanged. Disabled by wounds at Battle of Jonesboro, August 31, 1864. Post-war: farmer, member of 1888 Military Commission to Korea.

D

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
75 px	Daniel, Junius	Brigadier General	June 27, 1828, Halifax, North Carolina	May 13, 1864, Spotsylvania, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1851; served 7 years in U.S. Army, planter. War: Colonel, 14th North Carolina Infantry Regiment in Seven Days' Battles. Promoted brigadier general, September 1, 1862. Service in North Carolina in winter. Brigade suffered severe losses at Battle of Gettysburg. With Army of Northern Virginia until his death. Mortally wounded at "Bloody Angle" at Battle of Spotsylvania, May 12, 1864, died the next day.
75 px	Davidson, Henry B.	Brigadier General	January 28, 1831, Shelbyville, Tennessee	March 4, 1899, near Livermore, California	Pre-war: Mexican-American War, enlisted at 15. USMA, 1853. Served on frontier with U.S. Army. War: Became Confederate staff officer, then brigadier general, August 18, 1863. With Wheeler's cavalry corps, then transferred to Virginia. With Maj. Gen. Lunsford Lomax in Valley Campaigns of 1864. Surrendered with Gen. Joseph E. Johnston at Greensboro, North Carolina. Post-war: civil engineer in California, Deputy Secretary of State of California and Southern Pacific Railroad agent.
75 px	Davis, Joseph R.	Brigadier General	January 12, 1825, Woodville, Mississippi	September 15, 1896, Biloxi, Mississippi	Pre-war: Educated at Nashville and Miami University of Ohio. Nephew of Jefferson Davis. War: Lawyer. Lieutenant colonel of 10th Mississippi Infantry; staff of President Davis as colonel. Brigadier general to rank from September 15, 1862. Led brigade at Battle of Gettysburg; Battle of the Wilderness; Siege of Petersburg; Battle of Appomattox Courthouse. Post-war: lawyer.
	Davis, William G.M.	Brigadier General	May 9, 1812, Portsmouth, Virginia	March 11, 1898, Alexandria, Virginia	Pre-war: Ran away to sea at age 17. Returned to live at Apalachicola, Florida. Lawyer, cotton speculator. War: Raised, equipped and elected colonel of 1st Florida Cavalry Regiment. Brigadier general, November 4, 1862. Served in East Tennessee. Resigned May 6, 1863. Operated blockade runners thereafter. Post-war: Lawyer in Jacksonville, Florida, then Washington, D.C.
75 px	Dearing, James	Brigadier General	April 25, 1840, Campbell County, Virginia	April 23, 1865 Lynchburg, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, entered 1858, resigned April 22, 1861. War: Lieutenant, Washington Artillery. Major of artillery at Battle of Gettysburg. Colonel of cavalry. Brigadier general, April 29, 1864. Siege of Petersburg. Mortally wounded at Battle of High Bridge, April 6, 1865, during the Appomattox Campaign, in a pistol duel with Union Lieutenant Colonel (Brevet Brigadier General) Theodore Read, who also was killed. Died April 23, 1865 at Lynchburg, Virginia, the last Confederate general to die of wounds received in battle.
75 px	Deas, Zachariah Cantey	Brigadier General	October 25, 1819, Camden, South Carolina	March 6, 1882 New York, New York	Pre-war: Moved to Mobile, Alabama as a boy. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Colonel 22nd Alabama Infantry. Badly wounded while in temporary brigade command at Battle of Shiloh. Brigadier general to rank from December 13, 1862. Led brigade at Battle of Stones River (Murfreesboro), Battle of Chickamauga, the Chattanooga Campaign and all subsequent engagements of Army of Tennessee. Ill during Carolinas Campaign. Post-war stock broker.
	De Lagnel, Julius A.	Brigadier General	July 24, 1827, Newark, New Jersey	June 3, 1912, Washington, D.C.	Pre-war: U.S. Army officer 1847–1861. War: Commanded defense of crest at Battle of Rich Mountain, wounded, captured and exchanged for Union general James B. Ricketts. Appointed brigadier general to rank from April 12, 1862, but declined the commission. Briefly served as artillery major in Army of Northern Virginia, then served in ordnance bureau in Richmond and Fayetteville, North Carolina as lieutenant colonel. Inspector of arsenals. Post-war: Pacific steamship service.
75 px	Deshler, James	Brigadier General	February 13, 1833, Tuscumbia, Alabama	September 20, 1863 Chickamauga, Georgia Buried: Tuscumbia, Alabama	Pre-war: USMA, 1854. U.S. Army until 1861. War: Captain of artillery. Brigade adjutant at Battle of Cheat Mountain. Shot at skirmish at Allegheny Summit, West Virginia, December 13, 1861. Chief of artillery for then Maj. Gen. Theophilus Holmes during Seven Days Battles. Accompanied Holmes to Trans-Mississippi Department. Captured commanding brigade at Battle of Arkansas Post, exchanged. Brigadier general, July 28, 1863. Killed by a shell at Battle of Chickamauga, September 20, 1863.
75 px	Dibrell, George Gibbs	Brigadier General	April 12, 1822, Sparta, Tennessee	May 9, 1888, Sparta, Tennessee	Pre-war: Successful merchant and farmer. War: Enlisted as private. In 1862, Colonel, 8th Tennessee Cavalry, then brigade commander of cavalry under Lt. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest, then under Maj. Gen. Joseph Wheeler. Appointed brigadier general, January 28, 1865, to rank from July 26, 1864. In charge of Confederate archives after fall of Richmond. Post-war: U.S. House of Representatives, 1874–1884. President of Southwestern Railroad, developer of Bon Air coal mines.
75 px	Dockery, Thomas P.	Brigadier General	December 18, 1833, North Carolina, probably Montgomery County	February 27, 1898, New York City. Buried: Natchez, Mississippi.	Pre-war: Moved to Tennessee as a child, then to Arkansas. Colonel of 5th Arkansas State Troops, then 19th Arkansas Infantry at Battle of Wilson's Creek, Second Battle of Corinth. Commanded 2nd brigade under Major General John S. Bowen at Vicksburg. Captured at surrender, paroled. Brigadier general, August 10, 1863. Brigade command at Battle of Jenkins Ferry, Battle of Marks' Mills. Post-war civil engineer. Lived in Houston, Texas for some years.
75 px	Doles, George Pierce	Brigadier General	May 14, 1830, Milledgeville, Georgia	June 2, 1864, Hanover County, Virginia Buried: Milledgeville Georgia	Pre-war: Businessman, militia captain. War: Colonel of 4th Georgia Infantry, stationed near Norfolk, Virginia, first year of war. Fought at Seven Days Battles, Battle of Antietam. Brigadier general, November 1, 1862. Fought at Battles of Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, the Wilderness and Spotsylvania. Killed at the Battle of Totopotomoy Creek, also known as the Battle of Bethesda Church, June 2, 1864.
75 px	Donelson, Daniel Smith	Major General	June 23, 1801, Sumner County, Tennessee	April 17, 1863 Montvale Springs, Tennessee	Pre-war: USMA, 1825. Resigned from U.S. Army, 1826. Pre-war Speaker of Tennessee House of Representatives. Brigadier general, July 9, 1861. In western Virginia with then Brigadier General W. W. Loring. Commanded brigade in Major General Cheatham's division at Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River). Promoted and confirmed major general, April 22, 1863, but had died at Montvale Springs, Tennessee, April 17, 1863. Nephew of President Andrew Jackson. Brother of Jackson's private secretary, Andrew Jackson Donelson, who adhered to the Union.
75px	Drayton, Thomas F.	Brigadier General	August 24, 1808, South Carolina, probably Charleston	February 18, 1891, Florence, South Carolina	Pre-war: USMA, 1828. Brother of Union Navy Captain Percival Drayton. Resigned from U.S. Army, 1836. South Carolina legislator, planter, railroad developer. War: Brigadier general, September 25, 1861. Command at unsuccessful Battle of Port Royal, Battles: Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), South Mountain and Antietam. Subject to much criticism by superiors. Minor departmental command and boards of inquiry in the Trans-Mississippi Department thereafter. Post-war: farmer, insurance agent, South Carolina Immigration Society president.
75px	Du Bose, Dudley M.	Brigadier General	October 28, 1834, Shelby County, Tennessee	March 2, 1883, Washington, Georgia	Pre-war: Attended University of Mississippi, Lebanon (Tennessee) Law School. Lawyer, 1857. Moved to August, Georgia, 1860. War: Began Confederate service as a lieutenant. Colonel of 15th Georgia Infantry, January 1863. Fought at Battle of Gettysburg, where regiment sustained heavy losses, and subsequent battles of the Army of Northern Virginia. Brigadier general, November 16, 1864. Captured at the Battle of Sayler's Creek, April 6, 1865. Post-war: U.S. House of Representatives, 1871–1873.
75px	Duke, Basil W.	Brigadier General	May 28, 1838, Scott County, Kentucky	September 16, 1916 New York City Buried: Lexington, Kentucky.	Pre-war: Centre College and Transylvania University Law School graduate. Lawyer in St. Louis. Promoted proposed secession of Missouri. Brother-in-law of Brig. Gen. John Hunt Morgan. War: Enlisted as private, soon 2d lieutenant of Lexington Rifles company. After regiment was formed, served as lieutenant colonel and colonel of 2nd Kentucky Cavalry under Morgan. POW for more than year after captured during Morgan's Ohio raid. Brigadier general, September 15, 1864. Escort to Confederate President Jefferson Davis and Confederate government at end of war. Post-war: lawyer, legislator, author and editor. Commissioner of Shiloh National Military Park, 1895–1916. Mrs. Duke's and Brigadier General Morgan's sister was wife of Lt. Gen. A.P. Hill.
75px	Duncan, Johnson K.	Brigadier General	March 19, 1827, York, Pennsylvania	December 18, 1862, Knoxville Tennessee	Pre-war: USMA, 1849. Seminole Wars. Helped explore a route for Northern Pacific Railroad. Resigned from U.S. Army 1855. Chief Engineer Louisiana Board of Public Works at outbreak of the war. War: Commanded coastal defenses around New Orleans. Brigadier general, January 7, 1862. Captured in April 1862 and exchanged. Chief of staff to General Braxton Bragg. Died of fever at Knoxville, Tennessee, December 18, 1862.
75px	Dunovant, John	Brigadier General	March 5, 1825, Chester, South Carolina	October 1, 1864 Petersburg, Virginia Buried: Chester, South Carolina	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned as U.S. Army captain, end of 1860. War: Major of militia, then colonel, 1st South Carolina Regulars in Confederate Army. Cashiered for drunkenness in June 1862. Soon appointed colonel of 5th South Carolina Cavalry by Governor Pickens. Regiment was ordered to Virginia in 1864 and Dunovant redeemed himself by his conduct. Appointed temporary brigadier general, August 22, 1864. Killed in action during the Siege of Petersburg, after the capture of Fort Harrison, during the Battle of Chaffin's Farm, in subsequent related fighting during the Battle of Vaughan Road, October 1, 1864.

E

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
75px	Early, Jubal Anderson "Jube" "Jubilee"	Lieutenant General	November 3, 1816, Franklin County, Virginia	March 2, 1894, Lynchburg, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1837. Seminole War veteran. Lawyer. Mexican-American War veteran. Voted against secession in convention. War: Colonel 24th Virginia Infantry at Battle of First Manassas. Brigadier general, July 21, 1861. Major general, January 17, 1863. Fought at Gettysburg. Lieutenant general, May 31, 1864. Fought in Overland Campaign. After Cold Harbor, led a Confederate army in the Valley Campaigns of 1864, including the Battle of Monocacy and Battle of Fort Stevens. Defeated by Union Major General Philip Sheridan at Third Battle of Winchester, Battle of Fisher's Hill and Battle of Cedar Creek. Command dispersed at Battle of Waynesboro. Post-war: Lawyer, Southern Historical Society President, supervision of Louisiana State Lottery.
75px	Echols, John	Brigadier General	March 20, 1823, Lynchburg, Virginia	May 24, 1896, Staunton, Virginia	Pre-war: Graduate of Washington College, Harvard University Law School. War: Lt. Col. 27th Virginia Infantry at Battle of First Bull Run. Severely wounded at Battle of Kernstown. Brigadier general to rank from April 16, 1862. Mostly served in western Virginia. Fought at Battle of Cold Harbor; Battle of New Market. Post-war: After the war helped organize Chesapeake and Ohio Railway.
75px	Ector, Mathew D.	Brigadier General	February 28, 1822, Putnam County, Georgia	October 29, 1879, Tyler, Texas	Pre-war: Centre College graduate. Georgia lawyer, state legislator. Moved to Texas, elected to State legislature in 1855. War: Enlisted as private. Adjutant to Gen. J. L. Hogg's brigade. At Second Battle of Corinth. Colonel, 14th Texas Cavalry. Dismounted regiment, fought at Richmond, Kentucky and Murfreesboro (Stones River). Brigadier general, August 23, 1862. Fought at Chickamauga. Lost leg in Atlanta campaign. Participated in defense of Mobile. Post-war: lawyer, judge and presiding justice of Texas court of appeals.
	Elliott, Stephen Jr.	Brigadier General	October 26, 1830, Beaufort, South Carolina	February 21, 1866, Aiken, South Carolina	Pre-war: South Carolina College graduate, 1850. Planter on Parris Island, South Carolina, fisherman, yachtsman, State legislator, militia company captain. War: Defense of Port Royal, served in South Carolina until 1864. Brigadier general, May 24, 1864. Commanded Holcombe's Legion and former brigade of Gen. Nathan Evans at Petersburg. Badly wounded while deploying troops at the Battle of the Crater. Badly wounded again at Battle of Bentonville. Post-war: Elected to South Carolina State legislature again after war but died before serving.
75px	Elzey, Arnold	Major General	December 18, 1816, Somerset County, Maryland	February 21, 1871, Baltimore, Maryland	Pre-war: USMA, 1837. Maryland native, dropped last name of Jones. Seminole Wars, Mexican-American War veteran. Captain, 2nd U.S. Artillery before the Civil War. War: Fought at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Promoted Brigadier general after First Manassas. In Jackson's Valley Campaign. Severely wounded in Seven Days Battles. Major general, December 4, 1862. Commanded Department of Richmond and organized Local Defense Brigade. Chief of Artillery for Army of Tennessee for a time near end of war. Paroled at Washington, Georgia, May 9, 1865.
75px	Evans, Clement A.	Brigadier General	February 25, 1833, Stewart County, Georgia	July 11, 1911, Atlanta, Georgia	Pre-war: Georgia lawyer, judge at age 22, State senator in 1859. Major 31st Georgia Infantry. Colonel, April 1862. Army of Northern Virginia from the Peninsula campaign until Appomattox. Brigadier general, May 19, 1864. Wounded five times. Post-war businessman, Episcopal minister. Retired in 1892 to write 12-volume Confederate Military History and other works. Commander in chief of United Confederate Veterans at death.
75px	Evans, Nathan G. "Shanks"	Brigadier General	February 3, 1824, Marion, South Carolina	November 23, 1868, Midway, Alabama	Pre-war: Randolph-Macon College; USMA, 1848. War: Detected Union Maj. Gen. Irvin McDowell's turning movement at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas), which helped win the battle for Confederates. Fought at Ball's Bluff. Brigadier general, October 21, 1861. Battles: Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), South Mountain, Antietam (Sharpsburg), with Gen. Joseph E. Johnston in Vicksburg campaign, Battle of Kinston, North Carolina. From early 1863 was in difficulty and not in command due to apparent intoxication and presumed incompetence. Post-war: High school principal, Midway, Alabama where he died.
75px	Ewell, Richard Stoddert "Baldy"	Lieutenant General	February 8, 1840, Georgetown, D.C.	January 25, 1872, Spring Hill, Tennessee	Pre-war: USMA, 1837. Mexican-American War veteran. War: First field officer wounded: at Battle of Fairfax Court House (June 1861). Brigadier general, June 17, 1861. Major general, January 24, 1862. Lieutenant general to succeed Stonewall Jackson as commander of 2nd Corps, Army of Northern Virginia. Fought at Battle of First Manassas, Seven Days Battles; lost leg at Battle of Groveton. Commanded corps from Battle of Gettysburg to Battle of Spotsylvania. Hesitated to attack Culp's Hill and Cemetery Hill on the first day at Gettysburg. In charge of defenses of Richmond, Virginia. Captured at Battle of Sayler's Creek. Post-war: on farm near Spring Hill, Tennessee until death there.

F

Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
Fagan, James F.	Major General	March 1, 1828, Clark County, Kentucky	September 1, 1893, Little Rock, Arkansas	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. One–term Arkansas legislator. War: Colonel of 1st Arkansas Infantry at Battle of Shiloh. Brigadier general, September 12, 1862. Fought at Battle of Prairie Grove, repulse of Camden Expedition, Price's Raid, Missouri, 1864. Major general to rank from April 25, 1864. Post-war: U.S. marshal, receiver for U.S. Land Office.
Featherston, Winfield Scott "Swet"	Brigadier General	August 8, 1820, near Murfreesboro, Tennessee	May 28, 1891, Holly Springs, Mississippi	Pre-war: Fought in Creek War. Lawyer. Congressman from Mississippi for four years. War: Colonel, 17th Mississippi Infantry. Army of Northern Virginia in 1862. Brigadier general, March 4, 1862. Transferred to Vicksburg, became separated from main army and avoided capture. All western army operations; paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina, May 1865. Post-war: lawyer, several terms in state legislature, judge in 1882.
Ferguson, Samuel W.	Brigadier General	November 3, 1834, Charleston, South Carolina	February 3, 1917, Jackson, Mississippi	Pre-war: USMA, 1857. Mormon Expedition. War: Served on Gen. Beauregard's staff until after Shiloh. Cavalry duty in Vicksburg campaign. Brigadier general, July 23, 1862. Part of Brig. General's W. H. Jackson's division in Mississippi, on the flanks of Union Major General W. T. Sherman's in Georgia and the Carolinas. Post-War: lawyer at Greenville, Mississippi; president of board of Mississippi levee commissioners; Mississippi River Commission member.
Field, Charles W.	Major General	April 6, 1828, Woodford, Kentucky	April 9, 1892, Washington, D.C.	Pre-war: USMA, 1849. War: Colonel, 6th Virginia Cavalry. Brigadier general from March 9, 1862, transferred to infantry. Battles: Seven Days Battles, Battle of Cedar Mountain, badly wounded at Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas). Superintendent of Bureau of Conscription until recovery. Major general, February 14, 1864. Led Hood's old division for remaining campaigns of Army of Northern Virginia. Post-war: Engaged in business, Army of Khedive of Egypt, Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives, civil engineer and superintendent of Hot Springs, Arkansas, reservation (later Hot Springs National Park).
Finegan, Joseph	Brigadier General	November 17, 1814, Clones, Ireland	October 29, 1885, Rutledge, Florida	Pre-war: Emigrated to Florida in early 20s. Planter, lumber mill owner, railroad construction. War: In charge of military affairs of State of Florida. Brigadier general, April 5, 1862. Nominal command at Battle of Olustee, Florida. Transferred with a brigade of Florida regiments to Virgina in May, 1864. Fought at Battle of Cold Harbor, Siege of Petersburg. Returned to duty in Florida, March 20, 1865. Post-war: State senator in Florida for one term, cotton broker in Savannah, Georgia. Died .
Finley, Jesse Johnson	Brigadier General	November 18, 1812, Wilson County, Tennessee	November 6, 1904, Lake City, Florida	Pre-war: Captain in Seminole War, 1836. Lawyer. Served in legislatures of Arkansas and Florida; mayor of Memphis, Tennessee. Judge in Florida, 1852. War: Resigned as Confederate district judge to enlist in army as private, April 1862. Soon colonel, 6th Florida Infantry. Fought in Kentucky Campaign under General E. Kirby Smith, present at Chickamauga. Brigadier general, November 16, 1863. Command of Florida infantry regiments in Army of Tennessee. Severely wounded and incapacitated for field duty at Battle of Jonesboro. Post-war: Served part of three contested terms in U.S. House of Representatives, barred from U.S. Senate seat on a technicality.
Floyd, John Buchanan	Brigadier General	June 1, 1806, Montgomery County, Virginia	August 26, 1863, Abingdon, Virginia	Pre-war: South Carolina College graduate, 1829. Lost fortune and health in cotton enterprise in Arkansas. Virginia legislator, 1847. Governor of Virginia, (1848–1852). Secretary of War under President James Buchanan until December 29, 1860. War: Brigadier general, May 23, 1861. Participated in West Virginia campaign. Transferred command of Fort Donelson to Brigadier General Gideon J. Pillow and escaped with his troops prior to surrender. Removed from command by President Jefferson Davis, March 11, 1862. Major general of Virginia state troops.
Forney, John H.	Major General	August 12, 1829, Lincolnton, North Carolina	September 13, 1902, Jacksonville, Alabama	Pre-war: Younger brother of Brig. Gen. William Henry Forney. USMA, 1852. War: Colonel, 10th Alabama Infantry. Fought at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas); wounded at Battle of Dranesville. Brigadier general, March 10, 1862. Major general, October 27, 1862. Departmental command in Alabama and Florida. Division command at Siege of Vicksburg. Captured, exchanged. In Trans-Mississippi Department, in command of Major General John G. Walker's former division. Post-war: Farmer and civil engineer after the war.
Forney, William Henry	Brigadier General	November 9, 1823, Lincolnton, North Carolina	January 16, 1894, Jacksonville, Alabama	Born . Older brother of Major general John H. Forney. University of Alabama graduate, 1844. Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer, member of Alabama legislature, 1859. Captain, 10th Alabama Infantry. Wounded, left on field at Gettysburg. Captured, prisoner for over a year. Exchanged, colonel, led brigade in Major General Mahone's division through surrender at Appomattox. Brigadier general, February 15, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer at Jacksonville, Alabama. U.S. House of Representatives, 1875–1893. Died .
Forrest, Nathan Bedford	Lieutenant General	July 13, 1821, Bedford County, Tennessee	October 29, 1877, Memphis, Tennessee	War: Famous cavalry commander. Led troops out of Fort Donelson, with permission, before surrender. Colonel, 3rd Tennessee Cavalry. Brigade command, Army of Tennessee, Battle of Shiloh. Captured Union garrison, supplies at Murfreesboro, Tennessee. Brigadier general, July 21, 1862. Severed Union Major General U.S. Grant's communications in December 1862. Saved railroad between Chattanooga, Tennessee and Atlanta, Georgia in May 1863. Early Chattanooga campaign. Independent command in North Mississippi and West Tennessee. Major general, December 4, 1863. Captured Fort Pillow in April 1864. Routed superior force at Battle of Brice's Crossroads, June 1864. Battle of Tupelo. Served under General John B. Hood in Franklin–Nashville Campaign. Lieutenant general to rank from February 28, 1865. Overwhelmed at Battle of Selma, Alabama and surrendered in April 1865. Post-war: Planter and railroad president.
Frazer, John W.	Brigadier General	January 6, 1827, Hardin County, Tennessee	March 31, 1906, New York City	Pre-war: USMA, 1849. War: Lieutenant colonel, 8th Alabama Infantry; resigned to become colonel, 28th Alabama Infantry. Led regiment in Kentucky campaign. Brigadier general, May 19, 1863. Opposed Union Army occupation of East Tennessee. Surrendered to Union Major General Burnside when he learned Knoxville had been occupied and Major General Buckner was in retreat toward Chattanooga. Confederate Senate refused to confirm brigadier general nomination. Never paroled or exchanged. Post-war: Planter in Arkansas. Moved to New York City and prospered in business. Died March 31, 1906 as a result of an accident.
French, Samuel Gibbs	Major General	November 22, 1818, Gloucester County, New Jersey	April 20, 1910, Florala, Florida	Pre-war: USMA, 1843. Mexican-American War veteran. Wife from Mississippi. War: Brigadier general, October 23, 1861, major general, August 31, 1862. Served in southern Virginia and North Carolina. Assigned to Army of Tennessee on May 18, 1864. Relieved before Battle of Nashville due to eye infection, temporary near blindness. Served and surrendered at Mobile, Alabama. Post-war: planter.
Frost, Daniel M.	Brigadier General	August 9, 1823, Schenectady County, New York	October 29, 1900 St. Louis County, Missouri	Pre-war: USMA, 1844. Mexican-America War veteran. Resigned 1853, in manufacturing in St. Louis. Served in State senate, Board of Visitors of USMA, Missouri militia brigadier general. War: Surrendered Camp Jackson at St. Louis to Union Brigadier General Nathaniel Lyon. After exchange, brigadier general, March 3, 1862. Declined command of small Missouri brigade at Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern) and watched battle. Served under General Bragg for a few weeks, then under Major General Hindman. At Battle of Prairie Grove. Left army without resigning and went to Canada when wife was banished from home near St. Louis. Dropped from army rolls, December 9, 1863. Post-war: agricultural pursuits in St. Louis County, where he died.
Fry, Birkett Davenport	Brigadier General	June 24, 1822, Kanawha County, Virginia, now West Virgina	January 21, 1891, Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: Attended VMI, USMA, dropped out to study law. Mexican-American War veteran. Moved to California. With filibuster William Walker in Nicaragua. Cotton manufacturing in Alabama at start of Civil War. War: Colonel, 13th Alabama Infantry. Severely wounded at Seven Pines, Antietam and Chancellorsville. Commanded Archer's brigade at Gettysburg; wounded in Pickett's Charge, captured and exchanged in 1864. Brigadier general May 24, 1864. At Siege of Petersburg. Commanded district in South Carolina later in war. Post-war: lived in Cuba until 1868; businessman in Alabama and Florida, cotton mill president in Richmond, Virginia starting in 1881.

G

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
	Gano, Richard Montgomery	Brigadier General	June 17, 1830, Bourbon County, Kentucky	March 27, 1913, Dallas, Texas	Pre-war: Bacon College, Bethany College, University of Louisville Medical School. Moved to Tarrant County, Texas, 1859. Service against Indians. Texas legislature. War: Command of a squadron under Brig. General John Hunt Morgan. Participated in Kentucky campaign, Tullahoma campaign as Colonel, 7th Kentucky Cavalry. Transferred to Indian Territory. Wounded in Camden campaign against Union Major General Steele. Assigned to duty by General E. Kirby Smith, appointed brigadier general, March 17, 1865. Entered Christian Church ministry in Texas, served for over 45 years, active in United Confederate Veterans.
	Gardner, Franklin	Major General	January 29, 1823, New York, New York	April 29, 1873 Vermillionville (now Lafayette), Louisiana	Born . USMA, 1843. Mexican-American War veteran. Wife was from Louisiana. Service in Tennessee, including Battle of Shiloh, and in Mississippi. Brigadier general, April 11, 1862. With Bragg in Kentucky invasion. Major general to rank from December 13, 1862, not confirmed until June 10, 1864. In command and surrendered Port Hudson, Louisiana. Exchanged in August 1864 and assigned to duty in Mississippi. Brother and father (retired veteran and U.S. Treasury clerk until 1867) adhered to the Union. Post-war planter near Vermillionville (now Lafayette), Louisiana where he died.
	Gardner, William M.	Brigadier General	June 8, 1824, Augusta, Georgia	June 16, 1901, Memphis, Tennessee	Pre-war: USMA, 1846. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Lieutenant colonel, 8th Georgia Infantry. Leg shattered by a ball at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Brigadier general, November 14, 1861. Commanded District of Middle Florida, participated in Battle of Olustee. Command of military prisons east of the Mississippi in 1864. Commandant of the post at Richmond, Virginia at end of the war. Post-war: lived in Augusta, Georgia, Rome, Georgia, home of a son in Memphis, Tennessee where he died.
	Garland, Samuel Jr.	Brigadier General	December 16, 1830, Lynchburg, Virginia	September 14, 1862 South Mountain, Maryland	Pre-war: VMI, 1849; University of Virginia Law School, 1851. Lawyer, organized and captain of Lynchburg Home Guard militia. War: Colonel, 11th Virginia Infantry. Battles: First Manassas, Dranesville, Williambsburg (wounded) Brigadier general, May 23, 1862. Further battles: Seven Pines, Seven Days' Battles, Second Manassas campaign. On September 14, 1862, Garland's brigade resisted Army of the Potomac advance at Fox's Gap, South Mountain, Maryland, where Garland was killed in action.
75px	Garnett, Richard B.	Brigadier General	November 21, 1817, Essex County, Virginia	July 3, 1863, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania	Pre-war: USMA, 1841. Seminole Wars (Florida Wars) veteran. No active service in Mexican-American War. War: Brigadier general, November 14, 1861. Battles: Kernstown, South Mountain, Antietam (Sharpsburg). Killed at Battle of Gettysburg, July 3, 1863 in Pickett's Charge. Cousin of Brigadier General Robert S. Garnett. Location of grave unknown.
75px	Garnett, Robert S.	Brigadier General	December 16, 1819, Essex County, Virginia	July 13, 1861 Corrick's Ford, West Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1841. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Brigadier general, June 6, 1861. In command in northwestern Virginia. Retreated after Battle of Rich Mountain, Laurel Hill. Killed at Battle of Corrick's Ford, West Virginia, on the Cheat River, July 13, 1861. First general killed in Civil War, before Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Cousin of Brigadier General Richard B. Garnett.
75px	Garrott, Isham Warren	Brigadier General	1816 in Wake or Anson County, North Carolina	June 17, 1863, Vicksburg, Mississippi	Pre-war: University of North Carolina, 1840. Studied law, moved to Marion, Alabama. State legislator, 1845, 1847. War: Colonel, 29th Alabama Infantry. At Mobile in 1861 and 1862. Resisted Grant at Port Gibson, Baker's Creek. Killed on the skirmish line at Vicksburg, June 17, 1863, while firing a borrowed rifle. Commission as brigadier general to rank from May 28, 1863 received at headquarters after his death.
75px	Gartrell, Lucius Jeremiah	Brigadier General	January 7, 1821, Wilkes County, Georgia	April 7, 1891, Atlanta, Georgia	Pre-war: Randolph–Macon College; Franklin College, Georgia. Lawyer, State legislator. U.S. Representative, 1857–1861. War: Colonel, 7th Georgia Infantry, Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Confederate Congressman, 1862–1864. Brigadier general, August 22, 1864. Opposed Sherman in South Carolina with Georgia reserves regiments, wounded at Coosawhatchie. Post-war: Lawyer, member of 1877 state constitutional convention.
75px	Gary, Martin Witherspoon "Bald Eagle", "Mart"	Brigadier General	March 25, 1831, Cokesbury, South Carolina	April 9, 1881, Edgefield County, South Carolina	Pre-war: Expelled from South Carolina College due to a prank, graduated from Harvard College, 1854. Lawyer, South Carolina legislator. War: Captain in Hampton Legion. Commanded at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas) after Hampton wounded, Johnson killed. Colonel of Hampton's legion through most of the war. Brigadier general, May 19, 1864. Escaped from Appomattox Court House and helped escort President Jefferson Davis and cabinet south. Last meeting of cabinet at his mother's home in Cokesbury, South Carolina. Post-war: Politician, served 4 years in South Carolina Senate. Defeated twice for U.S. Senate.
	Gatlin, Richard C.	Brigadier General	January 18, 1809, Lenoir County, North Carolina	September 8, 1896, Mount Nebo, Yell County, Arkansas	Born . University of North Carolina; USMA, 1832. Mexican-American War veteran. Adjutant general of North Carolina. Brigadier general, July 8, 1861. Department of North Carolina. Criticized for loss of Fort Hatteras, New Bern. Relieved of command March 19, 1862. Resigned Confederate commission in September but remained as state adjutant general until the end of the war. Post-war farmer, Sebastian County, Arkansas.
	Gholson, Samuel J.	Brigadier General	May 19, 1808, Madison County, Kentucky	October 16, 1883, Aberdeen, Mississippi	Pre-war: Moved to Alabama as a boy. Lawyer, moved to Mississippi. State legislator 3 times, U.S. Representative part of two terms. U.S. District Judge, 1839–1861. War: Enlisted as a private. Battles: Fort Donelson, Iuka, Second Corinth. Cavalry brigade commander under Forrest in Alabama, Mississippi, east Louisiana. Brigadier general, May 6, 1864. Lost arm at Egypt, Mississippi, December 1864. Post-war: Served in state legislator between 1865 and 1867, elected again in 1878.
	Gibson, Randall Lee	Brigadier General	September 30, 1832, near Versailles, Kentucky	December 15, 1892, Hot Springs, Arkansas	Pre-war: Raised in Terrebone Parish, Louisiana. Yale University, 1853. Studied law, then abroad for several years. War: Aide-de-camp to Louisiana Governor Moore. Colonel, 13th Louisiana Infantry, at Shiloh, Kentucky campaign, Chickamauga. Brigadier general from January 11, 1864. Fought in Atlanta campaign, Franklin-Nashville campaign and in defense of Spanish Fort, Alabama, near Mobile. Post-war: Practiced law in New Orleans. Congress refused to seat him in 1872. U.S. Representative, 1874–1882. U.S. Senate, 1882–1892.
	Gilmer, Jeremy Francis	Brigadier General	February 23, 1818, Guilford County, North Carolina	December 1, 1883, Savannah, Georgia	Pre-war: USMA, 1839. Resigned from U.S. Army, June 29, 1861. War: Chief engineer for General Albert Sidney Johnston. Wounded at Battle of Shiloh. Promoted from colonel of engineers to major general, August 25, 1863. Chief engineer of Department of Northern Virginia. Laid out defenses of Charleston, South Carolina and Atlanta, Georgia. Post-war: President of Savannah Gas Light Company, 1867–1883.
	Girardey, Victor J. B.	Brigadier General	June 26, 1837, Lauw, France	August 16, 1864, Fussell's Mill Virginia	Family emigrated to United States when he was five years old. Married Louisiana woman of French descent. First lieutenant and aide-de-camp from Louisiana, October 12, 1861. Captain and assistant adjutant general for Major General Ambrose R. Wright during Seven Days' Battles until May 21, 1864; then on staff of Major General William Mahone. Promoted four grades to brigadier general with temporary rank from July 30, 1864 for organization of defense of the Crater at Petersburg. Received commission August 3, 1864; killed in action August 16, 1864 in command of brigade at Fussell's Mill on Darbytown Road.
	Gist, States Rights	Brigadier General	September 3, 1831, Union District, South Carolina	November 30, 1864, Franklin, Tennessee Buried: Columbia South Carolina	Pre-war: South Carolina College graduate, 1852; Harvard University Law School graduate, 1854. Brigadier general of state militia, 1859. War: Aide to Brigadier General Barnard Bee at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas), succeeded to command when Bee was killed. Brigadier general, March 20, 1862. With General Joseph E. Johnston in attempt to relieve Siege of Vicksburg. In Army of Tennessee battles: Battle of Chickamauga, Battle of Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign. Killed in action at Battle of Franklin, Tennessee. Reburied in Columbia, South Carolina.
	Gladden, Adley H.	Brigadier General	October 28, 1810, Fairfield District, South Carolina	April 12, 1862, Shiloh, Tennessee	Pre-war: Served in one of the Seminole Wars. Major and lieutenant colonel of Palmetto Regiment in Mexican-American War; severely wounded at the Battle of Belen Gate. Postmaster of Columbia, South Carolina. Lieutenant colonel of 1st South Carolina regiment but resigned to become secession convention delegate. Then colonel of 1st Louisiana Regiment. Brigadier general, September 30, 1861. Mortally wounded by a shell at the Battle of Shiloh.
	Godwin, Archibald C.	Brigadier General	1831 Nansemond County, Virginia	September 19, 1864, Winchester, Virginia	Pre-war: Successful miner and rancher in California. War: Major and assistant provost marshal in charge of Libby Prison, Richmond. Constructed and organized prison at Salisbury, North Carolina, Colonel, 57th North Carolina Infantry at Battles of Fredericksburg, Second Fredericksburg (Chancellorsville), Gettysburg. Captured at Rappahannock Bridge, November 1863. Exchanged and brigadier general, August 5, 1864. In Shenandoah Valley campaign of 1864. Killed in action at Third Battle of Winchester (Battle of Opequon), September 19, 1864.
	Goggin, James M.	Brigadier General	October 23, 1820, Bedford County, Virginia	October 10, 1889, Austin, Texas	Pre-war: Attended USMA but did not graduate. Served in army of Republic of Texas. Established mail routes in California in 1848. Cotton broker at Memphis. War: Major, 32nd Virginia Infantry. In Peninsula campaign. Transferred to staff of Major Generals McLaws and Kershaw. Commanded Brigadier General James Conner's brigade at Battle of Cedar Creek. Brigadier general appointment to rank from December 4, 1864 was cancelled and he returned to Kershaw's staff. Captured at Sayler's Creek, April 6, 1865. Post-war: Died 1889.
75px	Gordon, George Washington	Brigadier General	October 5, 1836, Giles County, Tennessee	August 9, 1911, Memphis Tennessee	Pre-war: Western Military Institute, Nashville, graduate, 1859. War: Surveyor. Enlisted at start of war; drillmaster of the 11th Regiment, Tennessee Infantry; colonel, December 1862. Battles: Murfressboro, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign. Brigadier general, August 15, 1864. Led Vaughn's Brigade, under Major General John C. Brown, at the Battle of Franklin (November 30, 1864), where he was wounded and captured. Remained prisoner until end of the war. Post-war: Lawyer at Memphis, Tennessee; held a number of city, state and national administrative offices. Member of U.S. House of Representatives, 1906 – August 9, 1911, when he died at Memphis. Commander of United Confederate Veterans.
	Gordon, James Byron	Brigadier General	November 2, 1822, Wilkesboro, North Carolina	May 18, 1864, Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: Emory and Henry College. Mercantile business, farmer, North Carolina legislator, 1850. War: Private, Wilkes Valley Guards, soon lieutenant and captain. Major 1st North Carolina Cavalry. Fought in all engagements of Hampton's Brigade. Colonel, Spring 1863. Brigadier general, September 28, 1863. Battles: Bethesda Church, Dumfries, Buckland Mills. Confronted Grant's crossing of the Rapidan River. Mortally wounded at Meadow Bridge, the day after the Battle of Yellow Tavern.
	Gordon, John Brown	Major General	February 6, 1832, Upson County, Georgia	January 9, 1904, Miami, Florida	Pre-war: Attended University of Georgia. Trained in law, developing coal mines at outbreak of war. War: Began as captain. Severely wounded at Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg). Brigadier general, November 1, 1862. Battle of the Wilderness; Valley Campaigns of 1864. Siege of Petersburg, in charge of one-half of infantry in Appomattox Campaign. Post-war: United States Senator from Georgia, 1873–1880; 1891–1897. Governor of Georgia, 1886–1890. First commander of United Confederate Veterans.
	Gorgas, Josiah	Brigadier General	July 1, 1818, Running Pumps, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania	May 15, 1883, Tuscaloosa, Alabama	Pre-war: USMA, 1841. Married daughter of ex-Governor Gayle of Alabama. War: Major, chief of ordnance of Confederate States, 1861. Brigadier general, November 10, 1864. Kept armies supplied with arms and ammunition. Helped attempt to break Union blockade, ran five blockade runners for ordnance department. Post-war: Superintendent of Brierfield Iron Works in Alabama. Vice Chancellor of University of the South, 1868. President, University of Alabama, 1878.
	Govan, Daniel C.	Brigadier General	July 4, 1829, Northampton County, North Carolina	March 12, 1911, Memphis, Tennessee	Pre-war: Raised in Mississippi. Attended University of South Carolina. Joined California gold rush in 1849. Returned to Mississippi in 1852, moved to Arkansas, 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel, 2nd Arkansas Infantry. In all campaigns of western army. Brigadier general, February 29, 1863. Captured at Battle of Jonesboro in Atlanta campaign. Surrendered with General Joseph E. Johnston in North Carolina. Post-war: Lived in Arkansas until 1894, then Indian agent in State of Washington.
	Gracie, Archibald Jr.	Brigadier General	December 31, 1832, New York, New York	December 2, 1864, Petersburg, Virginia	Pre:war: USMA, 1854. Resigned 1856, became merchant at Mobile, married Josephine Mayo of Richmond. War: Captain of a Mobile militia company, 3rd Alabama Infantry. Lieutenant colonel, 11th Alabama Infantry. Colonel, 43rd Alabama Infantry in spring 1862. Brigadier general, November 4, 1862. In East Tennessee, Kentucky campaign, Chickamauga. Severely wounded at Bean's Station. Served with General Beauregard in Virginia in May 1864. Killed by a shell December 2, 1864, at the Siege of Petersburg. Other family members adhered to the Union.
	Granbury, Hiram B.	Brigadier General	March 1, 1831, Copiah County, Mississippi	November 30, 1864, Franklin Tennessee	Pre-war: Oakland College, Rodney, Mississippi. Studied law, went to Texas, chief justice (chairman of county supervisors) of McLennan County, 1856–1858. Recruited Waco Guards. War: Major, 7th Texas Infantry. Captured at Battle of Fort Donelson and exchanged. Colonel of 7th Texas Infantry. Battle of Chickamauga, Battle of Chattanooga. Brigadier general, February 29, 1864. Atlanta Campaign. Killed in action at the Battle of Franklin, November 30, 1864. Remains removed 29 years later to Granbury, Texas.
	Gray, Henry	Brigadier General	January 19, 1816, Laurens District, South Carolina	December 11, 1892, Coushatta, Louisiana	Pre-war: South Carolina College (University of South Carolina), 1834. District attorney in Winston County, Mississippi. State legislator for one term. Moved to Louisiana in 1851. Louisiana legislator, 1860.War: Enlisted as a private but organized 28th Louisiana Infantry at request of President Davis and was elected colonel. Led regiment in Red River campaign, Battles of Mansfield, Pleasant Hill. At times in brigade command. Elected as Confederate Congressman from North Carolina without his knowledge. Brigadier general, March 17, 1865. Post-war: one term in Louisiana Senate.
	Grayson, John B.	Brigadier General	October 18, 1806, Fayette County, Kentucky	October 21, 1861, Tallahassee, Florida. Buried: New Orleans.	Pre-war: USMA, 1826. Seminole Wars, Mexican-American War veteran. War: Brigadier general in Confederate Army, August 15, 1861. Assigned to Department of Middle and Eastern Florida. Died from disease of the lungs.
75px	Green, Martin E.	Brigadier General	June 3, 1815, Fauquier County, Virginia	June 27, 1863 Vicksburg Mississippi	Pre-war: With brothers, established sawmill in Missouri, 1836. War: Organized and elected colonel of Missouri cavalry command under Maj. General Sterling Price. Present at capture of Lexington, Missouri, Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), Iuka, Second Corinth. Brigadier general, July 21, 1862. Opposed Grant at Port Hudson, Siege of Vicksburg. Killed while looking over the parapet at Vicksburg, June 27, 1863.
	Green, Thomas	Brigadier General	January 8, 1814, Amelia County, Virginia	April 12, 1864, Blair's Landing Louisiana	Pre-war: University of Nashville. Fought at Battle of San Jacinto in Texas War of Independence. Mexican-American War veteran. Clerk of the Texas Supreme Court, 1841–1861. War: Colonel, 5th Texas Cavalry. In New Mexico campaign, Battle of Valverde. Fought at Galveston, January 1863. Brigadier general, May 20, 1863. Lt. General Richard Taylor suggested promotion to major general since Green was commanding a cavalry division; no action on request. In Red River campaign, Battles of Mansfield, Pleasant Hill. Killed by a shell from a Union gunboat on April 12, 1864 at Blair's Landing, Louisiana.
	Greer, Elkanah	Brigadier General	October 11, 1825, Paris, Tennessee	March 25, 1877, DeVall's Bluff, Arkansas	Pre-war: Moved to Mississippi as young man. Mexican-American War veteran. Planter at Marshall, Texas, 1848. Commander of Knights of the Golden Circle, 1859. War: Colonel, 3rd Texas Cavalry. Battles: Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern). Brigadier general, October 8, 1862. Chief of bureau of conscription in Trans-Mississippi Department. Commanded reserve forces of department during 1864 operations. Post-war: Died on visit to sister in Arkansas.
	Gregg, John	Brigadier General	September 28, 1828, Lawrence County, Alabama	October 7, 1864, Petersburg, Virginia	Pre-war: LaGrange College. Moved to Texas in 1852. Lawyer, judge, member of Texas secession convention. Resigned from Provisional Confederate Congress in 1861. War: Colonel, 7th Texas Infantry. Captured at Fort Donelson. Brigadier general from August 29, 1862; Hood's division. Severely wounded at Battle of Chickamauga. Fought in Overland Campaign. Killed in action at the Battle of Darbytown and New Market Roads, October 7, 1864.
75px	Gregg, Maxcy	Brigadier General	August 1, 1814, Columbia, South Carolina	December 15, 1862, Fredericksburg, Virginia Buried: Columbia, South Carolina.	Pre-war: South Carolina College graduate. Lawyer. Mexican-American War veteran: Major, 12th U.S. Infantry. War: At Battle of Fort Sumter. Brigadier general from December 14, 1861. A. P. Hill's division. Peninsula Campaign; Battles of Cedar Mountain, Second Manassas, Harper's Ferry and Antietam. Mortally wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg.
	Griffith, Richard	Brigadier General	January 11, 1814, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania	June 29, 1862, Richmond, Virginia	Born J. Ohio University, 1837. Moved to Vicksburg, Mississippi. Teacher. Mexican-American War veteran. Banker at Jackson, Mississippi. U.S. Marshal. State treasurer, 2 terms. Colonel, 12th Mississippi Infantry. Brigadier general, November 12, 1861. Brigade command at Seven Days' Battles. Mortally wounded June 29, 1862 at Battle of Savage's Station, died the same day in Richmond.
75px	Grimes, Bryan	Major General	November 2, 1828, Pitt County, North Carolina	August 14, 1880, Pitt County, North Carolina	Pre-war: University of North Carolina graduate. Planter. Member of state secession convention. Took part in all battles of Army of Northern Virginia except when wounded. Brigadier general, May 1864. Last Army of Northern Virginia major general, February 14, 1865. Commanded one of last attacks at Battle of Appomattox Court House. Post-war: Planter. Murdered by William Parker, August 14, 1880, a hired assassin for persons Grimes had been trying to expel from the country as undesirables.

H

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
	Hagood, Johnson	Brigadier General	February 21, 1829, Barnwell, South Carolina	January 4, 1898, Barnwell, South Carolina	Pre-war: South Carolina Military Academy (the Citadel), graduate, 1847. Lawyer, pre-war militia brigadier general. War: Fort Sumter, Battle of First Bull Run. Brigadier general July 21, 1862. Fought Union Major General Benjamin Butler at Walthall's Junction in May 1864, then engaged at Battles of Drewry's Bluff, Cold Harbor. At Petersburg until December 1864, then ordered to relief of Fort Fisher. Concluded war with General Joseph E. Johnston's force in the Carolinas. Post-war: Comptroller general of South Carolina, 1876–1880. Elected Governor of South Carolina in 1880.
75px	Hampton, Wade	Lieutenant General	March 28, 1818, Charleston, South Carolina	April 11, 1902, Columbia, South Carolina	Pre-war: South Carolina College graduate, 1836. South Carolina planter and legislator. War: Organized and equipped Hampton's Legion. Battle of First Bull Run; Peninsula Campaign. Brigadier general, May 23, 1862. Brigade commander under Major General Jeb Stuart. Severely wounded at Battle of Gettysburg. Major general from August 3, 1863. Succeeded to command of cavalry corps after Stuart's death at Battle of Yellow Tavern. Overland Campaign. Siege of Petersburg until January 1865, then with part of force under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston in the Carolinas Campaign. Lieutenant general from February 14, 1865. Post-war: Governor of South Carolina; U.S. Senator from South Carolina for two terms.
	Hanson, Roger W. "Flintlock", "Bench Leg"	Brigadier General	August 27, 1827, Clark County, Kentucky	January 4, 1863, Murfreesboro, Tennessee Buried: Lexington, Kentucky	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer, Kentucky legislator, 1853–1857. War: Colonel, Kentucky State Guard. Colonel, 2nd Kentucky Infantry, September 3, 1861. Captured at Fort Donelson. Exchanged in late 1862. Brigadier general, December 13, 1862. Mortally wounded in a charge at the Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River), January 2, 1863 and died two days later near the battlefield.
75px	Hardee, William Joseph "Reliable"	Lieutenant General	October 12, 1815, Camden County, Georgia	November 6, 1873 Wytheville, Virginia Buried: Selma, Alabama	Pre-war: USMA, 1838. Mexican-American War veteran. Published a standard textbook on infantry tactics. Commandant of USMA. War: Confederate brigadier general, June 17, 1861; major general, October 7, 1861. Fought at Battle of Shiloh, Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River). Lieutenant general, October 10, 1862. Fought at Battle of Chattanooga. Atlanta Campaign. Opposed Union Major General W. T. Sherman in Georgia and Alabama. Surrendered with General Joseph E. Johnston. Post-war: planter at Selma, Alabama. Died while on a trip at Wytheville, Virginia.
	Hardeman, William Polk "Gotch"	Brigadier General	November 4, 1816, Williamson County, Tennessee	April 8, 1898, Austin, Texas	Pre-war: Fought in Texas War of Independence, Mexican-American War. War: Captain of 4th Texas Cavalry. With Sibley in New Mexico expedition, Battle of Valverde. Colonel, late 1862. Fought in Red River campaign, Battles of Mansfield, Pleasant Hill. Brigadier general, March 17, 1865. Post-war: planter, assistant sergeant-at-arms of state senate, inspector of railroads, superintendent of public buildings and grounds.
	Harris, Nathaniel H.	Brigadier General	August 22, 1834, Natchez, Mississippi	August 23, 1900, Malvern, England Buried: Brooklyn, New York	Pre-war: University of Louisiana (now Tulane University) law graduate. War: Captain, 19th Mississippi Infantry, eventually colonel. Battles and campaigns of Army of Northern Virgina. Brigadier general, January 20, 1864. Fought in Overland Campaign, Siege of Petersburg. Paroled at Appomattox Court House. Post-war: lawyer, President of Mississippi Valley & Ship Island Railroad. Register of U.S. Land Office at Aberdeen South Dakota. After 1890, moved to California. Died August 23, 1900 in Malvern, England while on business. Ashes were buried at Brooklyn, New York.
	Harrison, James E.	Brigadier General	April 23, 1815, Greenville District, South Carolina.	February 23, 1875, Waco, Texas	Pre-war: Brother of Brig. Gen. Thomas Harrison. Moved to Mississippi. Two-term state senator. Moved to Texas in 1857. Member of secession convention. War: Entered service in 15th Texas Infantry. Almost entire service in minor operations west of the Mississippi River. In Louisiana campaigns in 1863 and 1864. Brigadier general, December 22, 1864. Post-war: local affairs at Waco, Texas, trustee of Baylor University.
	Harrison, Thomas "Ironsides"	Brigadier General	May 1, 1823, Jefferson County, Alabama	July 14, 1891, Waco, Texas	Pre-war: Raised in Monroe County, Mississippi. Brother of Brig. Gen. James E. Harrison. Studied law in Brazoria County, Texas. Mexican-American War veteran. Texas legislator from Harris County. Settled in Waco. Captain of volunteer militia company; became part of 8th Texas Cavalry. War: Colonel before Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River). Battles: Chickamauga, Atlanta campaign, Carolinas campaign. Brigadier general, January 13, 1865. Post-War: District judge.
	Hatton, Robert Hopkins	Brigadier General	November 2, 1826, Steubenville or Youngstown, Ohio	May 31, 1862, Fair Oaks Station, Virginia	Pre-war: Cumberland University, Lebanon Tennessee, 1847. Lawyer, 1850. Tennessee legislator, 1855–1857. U.S. Representative, 1859–1861. War: Colonel, 7th Tennessee Infantry. Fought at Cheat Mountain and under Stonewall Jackson the next winter. Brigadier general, May 22, 1862. Killed in action May 31, 1862 at Fair Oaks Station during the Battle of Seven Pines.
	Hawes, James Morrison	Brigadier General	January 7, 1824, Lexington, Kentucky	November 22, 1889, Covington, Kentucky	Pre-war: USMA, 1845. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Colonel, 2nd Kentucky Cavalry. Brigadier general, March 5, 1862. Command of cavalry in Western Department. Relieved after Shiloh at own request. Commanded a brigade under Breckenridge and later under Holmes in the Vicksburg campaign. In charge of Galveston fortifications, 1864. Post-war: hardware business, Covington, Kentucky.
	Hawthorn, Alexander T.	Brigadier General	January 10, 1825, near Evergreen, Conecuh County, Alabama	May 31, 1899, Dallas, Texas	Pre-war: Mercer University. Studied law at Yale University. Lawyer at Camden, Arkansas. War: Lieutenant colonel, 6th Arkansas Infantry; colonel in Spring 1862. Battles: Shiloh, Fort Hindman, Helena, Arkansas, Jenkins' Ferry. Brigadier general, February 18, 1864. Post-war: emigrated to Brazil, returned in 1874, in business in Atlanta, Baptist minister in 1880 and moved to Texas.
	Hays, Harry T.	Brigadier General	April 14, 1820, Wilson County, Tennessee	August 21, 1876, New Orleans, Louisiana	Pre-war: Raised in Mississippi. St. Mary's College, Baltimore. Lawyer and politician in New Orleans. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Colonel, 7th Louisiana Infantry. Battles: First Bull Run (First Manassas), Jackson's Valley Campaign including Port Republic (wounded). Brigadier general, July 25, 1862. Further battles: Antietam (Sharpsburg), Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spotsylvania (severely wounded). Upon recovery assigned to Trans-Mississippi. Assigned to duty as major general by General E. Kirby Smith in May 1865 but not officially promoted. Post-war lawyer. Died from Bright's disease.
75px	Hébert, Louis	Brigadier General	March 13, 1820, Iberville Parish, Louisiana	January 7, 1901, St. Martin Parish, Louisiana	Pre-war: First cousin of Brig. Gen. Paul Octave Hebert. Jefferson College; USMA, 1845. Resigned in 1845 to take charge of father's sugar business. Militia officer, State senator, chief engineer of Louisiana. War: Colonel, 3rd Louisiana Infantry. Fought at Wilson's Creek. Captured at Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), exchanged. Brigadier general, May 26, 1862. Battles: Iuka, Second Corinth, Siege of Petersburg. Then in charge of artillery at Fort Fisher, North Carolina until end of war. Post-war: newspaper editor, teacher.
75px	Hébert, Paul Octave	Brigadier General	December 12, 1818, Iberville Parish, Louisiana	August 29, 1880 New Orleans, Louisiana.	Pre-war: First cousin of Brig. Gen. Louis Hebert. Jefferson College, USMA, 1836, first in class. Resigned in 1845 but served in Mexican-American War. Governor of Louisiana, 1852. War: Colonel, 1st Louisiana Artillery. Brigadier general, August 17, 1861. Commanded in Louisiana and Texas. Only significant battle was Milliken's Bend. Post-war: Died from cancer.
75px	Helm, Benjamin Hardin	Brigadier General	June 2, 1831, Bardstown, Kentucky	September 21, 1863 Chickamauga, Georgia. Buried: Elizabethtown, Kentucky	Pre-war: USMA, 1851; lawyer. Married Mary Todd Lincoln's half sister. Kentucky legislator. Commonwealth attorney. Declined Union major paymaster commission. War: Colonel 1st Kentucky Cavalry (Confederate). Brigadier general, October 19, 1862. Served in Vicksburg area, Louisiana, Tullahoma operations. Mortally wounded at Battle of Chickamauga, September 20, 1863; died the following day.
75px	Heth, Henry	Major General	December 16, 1825, Chesterfield County, Virginia	September 27, 1899, Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1847. Captain in U.S. Army. War: Colonel, 45th Virginia Infantry Regiment. Served in Western Virginia. Brigadier general from January 6, 1862. Kentucky campaign. Then in A.P. Hill's division. Fought at Battle of Chancellorsville. Heth's troop movement, without orders, started Battle of Gettysburg. Severely wounded at Gettysburg but in all further battles of Army of Northern Virginia. Said to be only general addressed by first name by General Robert E. Lee. Post-war: Insurance business at Richmond, Virginia.
	Higgins, Edward	Brigadier General	1821 Norfolk, Virginia	January 31, 1875, San Francisco, California	Pre-war: Midshipman in the Navy from age 14 and at seas for most of 18 years. Then in mail steamship service between New York and New Orleans. War: Captain, 1st Louisiana Artillery. Aide-de-camp to Major General Twiggs when he commanded at New Orleans. Lieutenant colonel, 21st Louisiana Infantry; defended at Forts Jackson and St. Philip. As colonel, commanded river batteries at Vicksburg, captured and exchanged. Brigadier general, October 29, 1863. Detailed to bay and harbor defenses at Mobile. Relieved at some time before February 1865 when awaiting orders at Macon, Georgia. No record of capture or parole. Post-war: insurance and import business at Norfolk. After an 1872 flood, moved to San Francisco, became agent for Pacific Mail Steamship Company.
75px	Hill, Ambrose Powell	Lieutenant General	November 9, 1825, Culpeper, Virginia	April 2, 1865 Petersburg, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1847. Mexican-American War and Seminole Wars veteran. Colonel, 13th Virginia Infantry Regiment. Brigadier general, February 26, 1862. Major general, May 26, 1862. Early battles: Seven Days' Battles, Battle of Cedar Mountain, timely reinforced Lee at Battle of Antietam, wounded at Battle of Chancellorsville. Lieutenant general, May 24, 1863. In field command at first day of Battle of Gettysburg, although sick at start of battle. Corps had severe casualties at Battle of Bristoe Station. Fought in Overland Campaign, Siege of Petersburg. Killed by Union straggler during collapse of Confederate lines at Petersburg and start of Appomattox Campaign, April 2, 1865.
	Hill, Benjamin J.	Brigadier General	June 13, 1825, near McMinnville, Tennessee	January 5, 1880, McMinnville, Tennessee	Pre-war: Mercantile business, state senator. Colonel, 5th Regiment Provisional Army of Tennessee which became 35th Tennessee Infantry. Battles: Shiloh, Kentucky campaign, Chickamauga, Chattanooga. Provost marshal of Army of Tennessee in late 1863 through Atlanta campaign. Brigadier general, November 30, 1864. Franklin-Nashville campaign. Commanded a brigade under Lt. Gen. Forrest in campaign against Union Maj. Gen. Wilson. Post-war: merchant, lawyer.
75px	Hill, Daniel Harvey	Major General	July 12, 1821, York District, South Carolina	September 24, 1889 Charlotte North Carolina Buried: Davidson, North Carolina	Pre-war: USMA, 1842. Mexican-American War veteran. Professor at Washington College, Davidson College and North Carolina Military Institute. War: In command at Battle of Big Bethel. Brigadier general, July 10, 1861. Battles: Peninsula Campaign; Seven Days Battles; Battle of Second Bull Run; Battle of South Mountain; Battle of Antietam; Defense of Richmond during Battle of Gettysburg. Battle of Chickamauga. Appointed lieutenant general on July 11, 1863 but due to his criticism of General Braxton Bragg, President Davis refused to nominate Hill to the Confederate Senate at that grade. Brief service during Siege of Petersburg, then no service until commanded division at Battle of Bentonville. Post-war: President of University of Arkansas and Middle Georgia Military and Agricultural College.
75px	Hindman, Thomas Carmichael	Major General	January 28, 1828, Knoxville, Tennessee	September 28, 1868 Helena, Arkansas	Pree:war: Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer, state legislator in Mississippi. U.S. House of Representatives from Arkansas, 1858–1860. War: Colonel, 2d Arkansas Infantry. Brigadier general, September 28, 1861, major general April 14, 1862. Commanded Trans-Mississippi before Lt. Gen. Holmes. Battles: Prairie Grove, Chickamauga and Chattanooga. Incapacitated by wounds from Battle of Atlanta. Post-war: Moved to Mexico, returned to practice law in Arkansas in 1868. Vocal opponent of carpetbaggers. Murdered at Helena, Arkansas, September 28, 1868.
	Hodge, George B.	Brigadier General	April 8, 1828, Fleming County, Kentucky	August 1, 1892, Longwood, Florida	Pre-war: U.S. Naval Academy, 1845. Resigned in 1850. Lawyer in Kentucky. state legislator. War: Enlisted as private, elected to Confederate Congress. Divided time with army. Staff of Maj. Gen. John C. Breckenridge. Promoted to colonel. Led a cavalry brigade under Maj. Gen. Wheeler. In command of District of Southwest Mississippi and East Louisiana at end of war. Twice nominated as brigadier general and twice rejected by Confederate Senate. Paroled as brigadier general. Post-war lawyer in Kentucky. Kentucky senator, 1873–1877. Moved to Florida, 1877.
	Hogg, Joseph L.	Brigadier General	September 13, 1806, Morgan County, Georgia	May 16, 1862, Corinth, Mississippi	Pre-war: Moved to Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, age 12. Planter, moved to Texas, 1839. Congress of Republic of Texas. Mexican-American War veteran. State senator, lawyer, sponsor of railroad building, member of Texas secession convention. War: Organized troops in Texas. Brigadier general, February 14, 1862. Ordered to Corinth, Mississippi after Battle of Shiloh. Fell ill of dysentery soon after arriving at camp of General Beauregard and died May 16, 1862. Son, James Stephen Hogg was Governor of Texas, 1892–1896.
	Hoke, Robert F.	Major General	May 27, 1837, Lincolnton, North Carolina	July 3, 1912, Raleigh, North Carolina	Pre-war: Kentucky Military Institute graduate. Manager of family cotton mill and iron works. War: Fought at Battle of Big Bethel as 2d lieutenant, 1st North Carolina Volunteers. Fought with Army of Northern Virginia from Seven Days Battles to Battle of Chancellorsville where he was severely wounded. Brigadier general, January 17, 1863, stationed in North Carolina. Captured Union garrison at Plymouth, North Carolina, Major general, April 20, 1864. Fought Union Major General Butler at Drewry's Bluff. Fought at Battle of Cold Harbor, defense of Fort Fisher. With Joseph E. Johnston at Battle of Bentonville and surrender. Post-war: private pursuits.
	Holmes, Theophilus Hunter "Granny"	Lieutenant General	November 13, 1804, Sampson County, North Carolina	June 21, 1880, near Fayetteville, North Carolina	Pre-war: USMA, 1829. Mexican-American War veteran. U.S. Army major. War: Brigadier general, June 5, 1861; major general, October 7, 1861; lieutenant general, October 10, 1862. Fought at Battle of First Bull Run; Seven Days' Battles. Commanded Trans-Mississippi Department until relieved by Gen. E. Kirby Smith. Commanded District of Arkansas. Organized reserves in North Carolina. According to Warner: had many soldierly qualities but was not equal to high command. Post-war: Had small farm.
	Holtzclaw, James T.	Brigadier General	December 17, 1833, McDonough, Georgia	July 19, 1893, Montgomery, Alabama	Pre-war: Grew up in Chambers County, Alabama. Appointed to USMA but did not enter. Lawyer at Montgomery, Alabama in 1855. Lieutenant of a militia company. War: Major, 18th Alabama Infantry. Shot through the lung at Shiloh, recovered in 90 days. Colonel, served at Mobile. Battles of Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign. Brigadier general, July 7, 1864. In Franklin-Nashville campaign, in command of rear guard during part of retreat. Returned to defense of Mobile. Post-war: lawyer and politician. Appointed to Alabama Railroad Commission a few months before death.
	Hood, John Bell "Sam", "Wooden Head"	General (temporary)	June 1, 1831, Owingsville, Kentucky	August 30, 1879, New Orleans, Louisiana	Pre-war: USMA, 1853. Resigned from U.S. Army, April 17, 1861. War: Brigadier general, March 3, 1862. Battles: Peninsula campaign, Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas). Major general, October 10, 1862. Battles: Antietam (Sharpsburg), Fredericksburg. Lost arm at Battle of Gettysburg; lost leg at Battle of Chickamauga. Promoted to permanent rank of lieutenant general on February 1, 1864, to rank from September 20, 1863. Promoted to full general with temporary rank on July 18, 1864. Lost several battles in Atlanta Campaign after taking command of Army of Tennessee from General Joseph E. Johnston, July 1864. Abandoned Atlanta and began Franklin-Nashville Campaign. Army was shattered at Battles of Franklin and Nashville. Relieved of command in January 1865 and reverted to permanent rank. Surrendered himself at Natchez, Mississippi. Post-war: Moved to New Orleans. Wrote memoirs. Died August 30, 1879 of yellow fever at New Orleans, Louisiana along with wife and one child.
	Huger, Benjamin	Major General	November 22, 1805, Charleston, South Carolina	December 7, 1877, Charleston, South Carolina	Pre-war: USMA, 1825. Chief of ordinance for Major General Winfield Scott in Mexican-American War. Resigned from U.S. Army after fall of Fort Sumter. War: Brigadier general June 17, 1861, major general October 7, 1861. In command at Norfolk, Virginia, dismantled fortifications, set fire to Navy Yard and scuttled Merrimac before abandoning city in May 1862 as Peninsula Campaign begun. Censured for actions in command of division at Battle of Seven Pines. Assigned as inspector of artillery and ordnance which was more suited to his experience and aptitude. Assigned to Trans-Mississippi Department for most of remainder of war. Post-war: farmer in Fauquier County, Virginia. Returned to Charleston shortly before death there on December 7, 1877.
	Humes, William Y.C.	Brigadier General	May 1, 1830, Abingdon, Virginia	September 11, 1882, Huntsville, Alabama	Pre-war: VMI, 1851. Lawyer in Memphis, Tennessee. War: Lieutenant of artillery, soon captain. Captured at Island No. 10. Exchanged and chief of artillery to then Maj. Gen. Joseph Wheeler in March 1863. Rest of war with Wheeler's cavalry corps. Brigadier general, November 13, 1863. In division command in last months of the war but no record of promotion to major general. Post-war: lawyer at Memphis.
	Humphreys, Benjamin Grubb	Brigadier General	August 24 or 26, 1808, Claiborne County, Mississippi Territory	December 20, 1882, Leflore County, Mississippi	Pre-war: Dismissed from USMA after Christmas Eve 1826 cadet riot. Studied law, planter, state legislator in Mississippi. Initially opposed secession. War: Raised company for Confederate service and was captain 21st Mississippi Infantry in May 1861, colonel in November. Led regiment in battles of Army of Northern Virginia through Gettysburg. Brigadier general, August 12, 1863. With Longstreet in Georgia and Tennessee, with Early in the Shenandoah Valley, wounded at Berryville, Virginia in September. Post-war: Elected governor of Mississippi after the war after receiving pardon from President Andrew Johnson but removed from office June 15, 1868 when Congress ended President's Reconstruction plan. Insurance agent at Jackson and Vicksburg, Mississippi. Died at his plantation.
	Hunton, Eppa	Brigadier General	September 22, 1822, Fauquier County, Virginia	October 11, 1908, Richmond, Virginia	Born . Educated at New Baltimore Academy. Teacher for 3 years. Lawyer, Commonwealth attorney, Virginia militia brigadier general, member of secession convention. Colonel, 8th Virginia Infantry Regiment, Battle of First Bull Run. Fought in most of important campaigns of Army of Northern Virginia. Wounded at Battle of Gettysburg. Brigadier general to rank from August 9, 1863. Held off Union attack for some time at Battle of Five Forks, captured at Battle of Sayler's Creek. Post-war lawyer. U.S. House of Representatives, 1873–1881. Only Southern member of Presidential electoral commission of 1877 concerning the Hayes-Tilden election. U.S. Senate, 1892–1895. Resided at Warrenton, Virginia. Died October 11, 1908, aged 86, Richmond, Virginia.

I

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
75px	Imboden, John Daniel	Brigadier General	February 16, 1823 near Staunton, Virginia	August 15, 1895, Damascus, Virginia	Pre-war: Attended Washington College. Teacher, lawyer, state legislator for two terms. War: Captain of Staunton Artillery at capture of Harper's Ferry. Served at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Organized 1st Virginia Partisan Rangers (62nd Virginia Mounted Infantry). Battles: Cross Keys, Port Republic. Brigadier general, January 28, 1863. Raided northwestern Virginia, severed Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, captured thousands of cattle and horses. Helped saved trains of Army of Northern Virginia at Williamsport in retreat from Gettysburg. Captured Union garrison at Charlestown, West Virginia. Fought in Valley campaign of 1864. Ill from typhoid fever in Fall 1864, remainder of war on prison duty at Aiken, South Carolina. Post-war: Lawyer at Richmond, Virginia; developed mining resources at Washington County, Virginia.
75px	Iverson, Alfred Jr.	Brigadier General	February 14, 1829, Clinton, Georgia	March 31, 1911, Atlanta, Georgia	Pre-war: Son of Senator Alfred Iverson. Mexican-American War veteran, 2d lieutenant at age 17; then Regular Army commission. War: Colonel 20th North Carolina Infantry. Wounded at Seven Days' Battles, fought at South Mountain and Antietam (Sharpsburg). Brigadier general November 1, 1862. Fought at Battle of Chancellorsville; Battle of Gettysburg. Ordered to Georgia to lead brigade of cavalry in 1864 campaign. Captured Union Major General George Stoneman and 500 men. Post-war: business in Macon, Georgia until 1877, orange grower near Kissimee, Florida. Died .

J

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
	Jackson, Alfred E.	Brigadier General	January 11, 1807, Davidson County, Tennessee	October 30, 1889, Jonesboro, Tennessee	Pre-war: Washington College; Greenville College. Farmer, dealer in goods, various enterprises. War: Major, quartermaster, staff of Brig. Gen. Zollicoffer, paymaster. Brigadier general, February 9, 1863. Brigade commander in East Tennessee. Captured 100th Ohio Infantry at Telford's Station, Tennessee, September 1863. Post-war: farmer in Washington County, Virginia on rented land in 1866. Special pardon from President Johnson for kindnesses shown to family. Regained some estates near Jonesboro, Tennessee.
75px	Jackson, Henry R.	Brigadier General	June 24, 1820, Athens, Georgia	May 23, 1898, Savannah, Georgia	Pre-war: Yale University, 1839. Lawyer, district attorney in Savannah, Georgia. Mexican-American War veteran, colonel. Newspaper editor, superior court judge, U.S. minister to Austria. Prosecuted captain and owners of slave ship Wanderer in 1859. Member of Georgia secession convention. War: Confederate judge. Brigadier general, June 4, 1861. Served with General Lee in West Virginia. Resigned, became major general of Georgia state troops, without a command after division taken under Conscript Act. Staff of Brig. Gen. W. H. T. Walker. Recommissioned Confederate brigadier general, September 23, 1863. Fought in Atlanta campaign, Franklin-Nashville campaign, captured at Nashville, paroled July 1865. Post-war: lawyer, minister to Mexico, 1885. President of Georgia Historical Society for almost 25 years.
75px	Jackson, John K.	Brigadier General	February 8, 1828, Augusta, Georgia	February 27, 1866, Milledgeville, Georgia	Pre-war: University of South Carolina, 1828. Lawyer, militia captain. War: Colonel, 5th Georgia Infantry, May 1861. At Pensacola. Brigadier general, January 14, 1862. Organized troops at Grand Junction, Tennessee for movement to Corinth, Mississippi and Shiloh campaign. Brigade commander: Shiloh, Kentucky campaign, Chattanooga, Chickamauga, Atlanta campaign. Commanded District of Florida after July 1, 1864. Participated in defense of Savannah. In charge of supply depots in Carolinas at end of the war. Post-war: lawyer at Augusta, Georgia. Caught pneumonia and died while on trip to Milledgeville, Georgia.
75px	Jackson, Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall", "Jack", "Old Jack", "Bluelight"	Lieutenant General	January 21, 1824, Clarksburg, Virginia later West Virginia	May 10, 1863, Guinea's Station, Virginia; Buried: Lexington Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1846. Mexican-American War veteran. Professor at Virginia Military Institute, 1852–1861. War: Colonel, Virginia militia. Brigadier general, June 17, 1861. At Battle of First Bull Run, named "Stonewall" by Brig. Gen. Barnard Bee. Major general, October 7, 1861. Conducted Jackson's Valley Campaign, Spring 1862, tied up 3 Union armies, diverted from Peninsula campaign. Battles included Battle of Cross Keys; Battle of Port Republic. Then moved to Richmond for Seven Days Battles. Turning movement helped win Battle of Second Bull Run. Captured 12,000-man Union garrison at Battle of Harper's Ferry, then helped save Confederate Army at Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg). Lieutenant general, October 10, 1862. Commanded Confederate right wing at Battle of Fredericksburg. Famous flank march routed Union Army at Battle of Chancellorsville. Mistakenly mortally wounded by own men while returning from night reconnaissance after first day of battle at Chancellorsville, May 2, 1863. Died May 10, 1863 from pneumonia after amputation of left arm.
75px	Jackson, William Hicks "Red"	Brigadier General	October 1, 1835, Paris, Tennessee	March 30, 1903, near Nashville, Tennessee.	Pre-war: West Tennessee College; USMA, 1856. War: Captain of artillery, wounded at Battle of Belmont. Colonel 1st (later 7th) Tennessee Cavalry. Fought at Holly Springs. Brigadier general, December 29, 1862. Fought in Vicksburg campaign, Meridian expedition. In charge of cavalry corps of Army of Mississippi during Atlanta campaign. In Franklin-Nashville campaign. In command of all Tennessee cavalry in Lt. Gen. Forrest's department, February 1865. Led division but not promoted to major general. Post-war: horse breeder and president of the National Agricultural Congress and Tennessee Bureau of Agriculture. Died at "Belle Meade" near Nashville.
	Jackson, William Lowther "Mudwall"	Brigadier General	February 3, 1825, Clarksburg, Virginia later West Virginia	March 24, 1890, Louisville, Kentucky	Pre-war: Second cousin of Stonewall Jackson. Lawyer, commonwealth attorney, judge, member of Virginia legislature, lieutenant governor of Virginia before the war. War: Enlisted as private, soon Colonel, 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Fought in West Virginia campaign. On Stonewall Jackson's staff until April 1863 when he recruited 19th Virginia Volunteer Cavalry Regiment. Active in West Virginia and Valley Campaigns of 1864. Brigadier general December 19, 1864. Surrendered at Brownsville, Texas, paroled July 26, 1865. Spent time in Mexico after war, returned to become judge in Kentucky.
75px	Jenkins, Albert Gallatin	Brigadier General	November 10, 1830, Cabell County, Virginia, later West Virginia	May 21, 1864 Dublin, West Virginia Buried: Huntington, West Virginia	Pre-war: Jefferson College, Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, 1848; Harvard Law School, 1850. Lawyer at Charleston, (West) Virginia. U.S. Representative, 1856–1861. War: Colonel, 8th Virginia Cavalry. Elected to First Regular Confederate Congress but also promoted brigadier general, August 5, 1862. Led 500-mile raid in Western Virginia and Ohio. Severely wounded at Battle of Gettysburg. Returned to mountain command in late 1863. Opposed Union Maj. Gen. Crook at Battle of Cloyd's Mountain near Dublin, Virginia on May 9, 1864. Wounded, captured, arm amputated, died 12 days later.
75px	Jenkins, Micah	Brigadier General	December 1, 1835, Edisto Island, South Carolina	May 6, 1864, The Wilderness, Virginia Buried: Charleston South Carolina	Pre-war: South Carolina Military Academy (The Citadel), 1854, 1st in class. Organized King's Mountain Military School. War: Colonel, 5th South Carolina Infantry. Fought at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Led Palmetto Sharpshooters regiment during Seven Days' Battles. Brigadier general, July 22, 1862. Severely wounded at Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas). Commanded Hood's division at Battle of Chickamauga. Participated in Knoxville campaign, returned to Army of Northern Virginia for Wilderness Campaign. On second day of battle, near same spot that Stonewall Jackson was killed, Lt. Gen. Longstreet and Brig. Gen. Jenkins were struck by friendly fire. Longstreet recovered; Jenkins died a few hours later, May 6, 1864.
75px	Johnson, Adam Rankin "Stovepipe"	Brigadier General (not confirmed) Colonel	February 28, 1834 Henderson, Kentucky	October 20, 1922, Burnet, Texas	Pre-war: Emigrated to Texas. Indian fighter, Overland Mail station contractor. Escaped from Fort Donelson with Brig. Gen. Floyd. Colonel of partisan rangers within Union lines in Kentucky. Captured Newburgh, Indiana with 12 men. Escaped by swimming Ohio River when Morgan's forces were surrounded. Appointed brigadier general September 6, 1864 to rank from June 1, 1864. Not confirmed by Confederate Senate. Yet, Warner lists him as a brigadier general to rank from June 1, 1864. Was accidentally shot and blinded by his own men while attacking Union camp at Grubbs Crossroads, near Princeton. Kentucky, on August 21, 1864. Post-war: Lived nearly 60 years, founded Marble Falls, Texas.
75px	Johnson, Bradley Tyler	Brigadier General	September 29, 1829, Frederick, Maryland	October 5, 1903, Amelia, Virginia	Pre-war: Princeton University, 1849. Lawyer in Maryland, 1851. State's attorney, chairman of state Democratic Party committee. War: Helped recruit 1st Maryland (Confederate) Infantry. Major, then colonel at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Assigned to important field duties but not promoted to brigadier general until June 28, 1864. Executed Lt. Gen. Early's orders to Big. Gen. McCausland to burn Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. Spent last months of the war in charge of prison at Salisbury, North Carolina. Post-war: lawyer in Richmond, Virginia legislator, 1875–1879. Moved to Baltimore where he wrote legal and historical works.
75px	Johnson, Bushrod Rust	Major General	October 7, 1817, Belmont County, Ohio	September 12, 1880, Brighton, Illinois	Pre-war: USMA, 1840. Seminole Wars and Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned and taught at military schools in Kentucky and Tennessee. War: Confederate colonel of engineers. Brigadier general, January 24, 1862. Escaped after being captured at Fort Donelson. Severely wounded at Battle of Shiloh. Commanded brigade in Kentucky campaign, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga, Knoxville campaign. Major general to rank from May 21, 1864 and transferred to Army of Northern Virginia. At Siege of Petersburg. Division shattered at Battle of Sayler's Creek, without a command at Appomattox Court House, paroled. Post-war: Chancellor of University of Nashville, 1870. Connected with preparatory school that was forced to close. Retired to farm at Brighton, Illinois, where he died.
75px	Johnson, Edward "Old Allegheny", "Clubby"	Major General	April 16, 1816, Salisbury, Chesterfield County, Virginia	March 2, 1873, Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: Moved to Kentucky with parents. USMA, 1838. Seminole Wars and Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned from U.S. Army, June 10, 1861. War: Colonel, 12th Georgia Infantry. Brigadier general, December 13, 1861, major general, February 28, 1863. Wounded during Jackson's Valley campaign of 1862. Commanded Jackson's former division at Battles of Gettysburg, the Wilderness and Spotsylvania, where he was captured with most of his command. He was exchanged and participated in the Franklin-Nashville campaign. Captured at the battle of Nashville, not released until July 1865. Post-war: farmer at Chesterfield, Virginia.
75px	Johnston, Albert Sidney	General	February 2, 1803, Washington, Kentucky	April 6, 1862 Shiloh, Tennessee; Buried: Austin, Texas	Pre-war: Translyvania University; USMA, 1826. Fought in Black Hawk War, resigned in 1834. Fought in Texas War of Independence as a private, rose to brigadier general. Secretary of War of Republic of Texas, 1838–1840. Colonel of Texas volunteers in Mexican-American War. Reappointed to U.S. Army in 1849, served on Texas frontier and in Mormon War. Colonel and Brevet Brigadier General, U.S. Army. Commanded Department of Utah, 1858–1869, then Department of the Pacific; resigned May 3, 1861. War: Full general in Regular Army of the Confederacy on August 31, 1861 to rank from May 30, 1861. In command of all Confederate forces west of Allegheny Mountains. Concentrated troops at Corinth, Mississippi to meet Grant's attack. Killed in action on the first day at the Battle of Shiloh, April 6, 1862.
75px	Johnston, George Doherty	Brigadier General	May 30, 1830, Hillsboro, North Carolina	December 8, 1910, Tuscaloosa, Alabama	Pre-war: Moved to Alabama at age 2. Howard College, Cumberland University law school, Lebanon, Tennessee. Lawyer at Marion, Alabama, mayor 1856, state legislator, 1867–1858. War: 2d lieutenant, 4th Alabama Infantry at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Major, 25th Alabama Infantry, January 1862, colonel, September 1863. At every engagement of Army of Tennessee from Shiloh to Bentonville. Brigadier general, July 26, 1864. Wounded at Battle of Ezra Church during Atlanta campaign; on crutches during Franklin-Nashville campaign. On way to join Lt. Gen. Richard Taylor when Gen. Johnston surrendered, no record of parole. Post-war: Commandant of cadets at University of Alabama, superintendent of South Carolina Military Academy (The Citadel), United States Civil Service Commissioner, Alabama state senator.
75px	Johnston, Joseph E.	General	February 3, 1807, Farmville, Virginia	March 21, 1891, Washington, D.C. Buried: Baltimore, Maryland	Pre-war: USMA, 1829. Mexican-American War and Seminole Wars veteran. Resigned as quartermaster general and brigadier general, U.S. Army, to join Confederate Army. War: Brigadier general, May 1861. Moved from Harper's Ferry by rail to reinforce General Beauregard at Battle of First Bull Run. Full general, August 31, 1861 to rank from July 4, 1861. Command of Army of Northern Virginia. Heated debate with argument over rank after Cooper, A.S. Johnston and R.E. Lee. Led army in Peninsula Campaign, severely wounded at Battle of Seven Pines, May 1862. Replaced by General Robert E. Lee. In Command of Department of West in 1863. Tried to relieve Vicksburg but Lt. Gen. Pemberton, commander at Vicksburg had contradictory orders. Replaced General Braxton Bragg in command of Army of Tennessee after Battle of Chattanooga. Led Confederate defense in Atlanta Campaign, replaced by General John Bell Hood, July 17, 1864 because of policy of maneuver and retreat. No more active service until appointed by Lee to oppose Union General W. T. Sherman in Carolinas Campaign in February–April 1865. Battle of Bentonville. Surrendered at Bennett Place, Durham, North Carolina. Post-war: U.S. House of Representatives, 1879–1881. Commissioner of railroads, 1885–1891. Died March 21, 1891 from cold caught while in Sherman's funeral procession.
75px	Johnston, Robert D.	Brigadier General	March 19, 1837, Lincoln County, North Carolina	February 1, 1919, Winchester, Virginia	Pre-war: University of Virginia Law School. Lawyer, militia company lieutenant. War: Captain, 23rd North Carolina Infantry. Fought in Peninsula campaign, lieutenant colonel in May 1862. Wound at Seven Pines. Fought at South Mountain, Antietam (Sharpsburg), Chancellorsville, Gettysburg. Brigadier general, September 1, 1863. Wounded at Spotsylvania. Leg brigade in Early's Valley Campaign of 1864. In Siege of Petersburg. Sent to guard Roanoke River line in March 1865. Post-war: Lawyer at Charlotte, North Carolina. Moved to Birmingham, Alabama, 1887. President of Birmingham National Bank, U.S. Land Office register.
75px	Jones, David Rumph "Neighbor"	Major General	April 5, 1825, Orangeburg District, South Carolina	January 15, 1863, Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1846. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Chief of staff to General Beauregard at Battle of Fort Sumter. Brigadier general, June 17, 1861. At Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Major general, March 10, 1862. Fought in Peninsula Campaign, Seven Days Battles. Timely seized Thoroughfare Gap during campaign leading to Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas). Defended a mountain pass at Battle of South Mountain. Commanded Confederate right at Burnside Bridge at Battle of Antietam. Counterattacked with A.P. Hill. Developed heart trouble and died at Richmond, Virginia, aged 37.
75px	Jones, John Marshall "Rum"	Brigadier General	July 26, 1820, Charlottesville, Virginia	May 5, 1864, The Wilderness, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1841. Instructor at West Point during Mexican-American War. War: Captain in Confederate Army at start of war. Adjutant to Generals Magruder, Ewell, Early. Brigadier general to rank from May 15, 1863 and took field command. Seriously wounded at Battle of Gettysburg and Battle of Payne's Farm on the Rapidan River in November 1863. Killed in action during the Battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864.
75px	Jones, John R.	Brigadier General (not confirmed) Lt. Colonel	March 12, 1827, Harrisonburg, Virginia	April 1, 1901, Harrisonburg, Virginia.	Pre-war: VMI graduate, 1848. War: Fought in Jackson's Valley Campaign. Placed in command of brigade but left the field at the Battle of Chancellorsville due to an "ulcerated" leg and was immediately relieved of command. Captured July 4, 1863 at Smithburg, Tennessee. Confederacy made no effort to obtain his release and he was not exchanged or released until July 24, 1865. Appointed brigadier general to rank from June 23, 1862 but not confirmed by Confederate Senate. Warner includes him on the list of generals even noting the lack of confirmation. Post-war: Farm implement business and commissioner in chancery of circuit court.
75px	Jones, Samuel	Major General	December 17, 1819, Powhatan County, Virginia	July 31, 1887, Bedford Springs, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1841. West Point instructor during Mexican-American War and for five years after war. War: Captain of 1st Artillery Regiment and assistant to judge advocate. Chief of artillery for General Beauregard at Battle of First Bull Run. Brigadier general, July 21, 1861, major general March 19, 1862. Relieved General Bragg at Pensacola. Division command under General Van Dorn at Corinth, Mississippi. Department or division command in Tennessee, then Department of Western Virginia. Relieved of command in March 1864. In command of Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida until relieved by General Hardee in October 1864, then in charge of Department of South Georgia and Florida. Paroled at Tallahassee, Florida, May 1865. Post-war: Farmer until 1880, then War Department clerk.
75px	Jones, William E. "Grumble"	Brigadier General	May 9, 1824 Washington County, Virginia	June 5, 1864, Piedmont, Virginia Buried: Glade Spring, Virginia	Pre-war: Born Middle Fork of Holston River. Emory and Henry College; USMA, 1848. Resigned in 1857, visited Europe, settled near Glade Spring Depot, Virginia, planter, militia company captain. War: With Jeb Stuart in First Manassas Campaign. Colonel of 1st, then 7th, Virginia Cavalry. Brigadier general September 19, 1862. Fought at Battle of Brandy Station. Sent to Department of Southwest Virginia and East Tennessee after disagreement with Stuart. With Longstreet in Knoxville Campaign, Cloyd's Mountain. Ordered to intercept Union General David Hunter's raid into the Shenandoah Valley. Killed in action at the Battle of Piedmont, June 5, 1864.
75px	Jordan, Thomas	Brigadier General	September 30, 1819, Luray, Virginia	November 27, 1895, New York, New York	Pre-war: USMA, 1840, roommate of later Union Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman. Seminole War and Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned May 21, 1861. War: Entire Confederate service as a staff officer. Adjutant general of army at First Bull Run (First Manassas) under Beauregard, under A. S. Johnston and Beauregard at Shiloh, and chief of staff to Bragg, July 1862. Under Beauregard again at Siege of Charleston. Brigadier general, April 14, 1862 due to gallantry at Shiloh. Commanded 3rd Military District of South Carolina at end of the war. Post-war: Became chief of staff and later commander of Cuban revolutionaries in 1869–1870. Movement collapsed, Jordan returned to U.S. Editor of Financial and Mining Record and author of historical articles after the war.

K

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
75px	Kelly, John Herbert	Brigadier General	March 31, 1840, Carrollton, Alabama	September 4, 1864, Franklin, Tennessee Buried: Mobile, Alabama	Pre-war: Entered USMA in 1857 but resigned on December 29, 1860. War: Soon commissioned 2d lieutenant of artillery in Regular Army of Confederate States. Staff captain with Maj. Gen. Hardee. Major, 14th Arkansas Infantry, September 23, 1861. Commanded 9th Arkansas Battalion at Shiloh, then colonel of 8th Arkansas Infantry. Commanded regiment at Perrysville and Murfreesboro, led brigade at Chickamauga, Brigadier general, November 16, 1863. Youngest Confederate general officer at the time of his appointment. Assigned a division in Maj. Gen. Wheeler's corps. During Atlanta campaign raid on Sherman's communications, Kelly was mortally wounded in an engagement at Franklin, Tennessee, September 2, 1864. Left with the family of William H. Harrison, Kelly died a few days later, probably on September 4, 1864.
75px	Kemper, James Lawson	Major General	June 11, 1823, Madison County, Virginia	April 7, 1895, Orange County, Virginia	Pre-war: Washington College graduate, 1842. Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer. Five terms in Virginia House of Delegates; Speaker of the House. War: Colonel 7th Virginia Infantry. Led regiment from First Manassas to Williamsburg. Brigadier general, June 3, 1862. Severely wounded in Pickett's Charge at Battle of Gettysburg; captured by Union Army, exchanged. Major general September 19, 1864; commanded Virginia Reserve forces. Paroled at Danville, Virginia, May 2, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer at Madison. Governor of Virginia 1874–1877.
75px	Kennedy, John Doby	Brigadier General	January 5, 1840, Camden, South Carolina	April 14, 1896, Camden, South Carolina	Pre-war: South Carolina College, 1855–1857. Lawyer just before start of war. War: Captain, 2nd South Carolina Infantry, April 1861; colonel, January 1862. Wounded at First Bull Run (First Manassas). Ill with fever after Battle of Savage's Station during Seven Days' Battles. In all engagements of Kershaw's brigade from Jackson's capture of Harper's Ferry, 1862 to Battle of Cedar Creek. Governor Magrath of South Carolina asked that brigade be sent to help Gen. Johnston oppose Maj. Gen. Sherman's army. Kennedy was in command since Kershaw's promotion in May. Brigadier general, December 22, 1864. Paroled at Greensboro, May 1865. Post-war: Lawyer at Camden, South Carolina. Denied seat in Congress the next year for refusal to take "iron–clad" oath. State legislator, lieutenant governor. Consul general at Shanghai, 1885.
75px	Kershaw, Joseph Brevard	Major General	January 5, 1822, Camden, South Carolina	April 13, 1894, Camden, South Carolina	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer; two-term state legislator. War: Colonel, 2nd South Carolina Infantry. At Fort Sumter, First Bull Run (Manassas). Brigadier general, February 13, 1862; major general, May 18, 1864. Involved in almost all operations of 1st Corps of Army of Northern Virginia until end of war. Captured at Sayler's Creek, April 6, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer, state legislator, judge. Resigned as judge due to ill health, 1893. Postmaster, Camden, South Carolina.
75px	Kirkland, William W.	Brigadier General	February 13, 1833, Hillsboro, North Carolina	May 12, 1915, Washington, D.C. Buried: Sheperdstown, West Virginia	Pre-war: Appointed to USMA, 1852, did not graduate. Commissioned 2d lieutenant, U.S. Marines, 1855, resigned August 1860. War: Captain of infantry in Regular Confederate Army, March 16, 1861. Colonel, 21st North Carolina Infantry at First Bull Run (First Manassas) and in Jackson's Valley Campaign. Badly wounded at First Battle of Winchester. Chief of staff to Brig. Gen. Cleburne at Murfreesboro (Stones River) while recovering. Led regiment at Gettysburg, badly wounded at Bristoe Station. Brigadier general, August 29, 1863. Wounded at Gaines Mill, June 2, 1864, during Overland campaign. Assigned to brigade north of the James River during Siege of Petersburg until December 1864, then ordered to North Carolina. Present at both battles of Fort Fisher and at Bentonville. Post-war: Commission business in Savannah, Georgia. Moved to New York City where daughter was famous on Broadway stage, held post office position. Became invalid about 1900; spent last years of life in soldiers' home in Washington, D.C. where he died.

L

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
75px	Lane, James H. "Little General"	Brigadier General	July 28, 1833, Mathews Court House, Virginia	September 21, 1907, Auburn, Alabama	Pre-war: VMI graduate, 1854; University of Virginia graduate, 1857. Assistant professor at VMI, professor at North Carolina Military Institute. War: Major, 1st North Carolina Volunteers; at Battle of Big Bethel. Reorganized; colonel 28th North Carolina Infantry. With Army of Northern Virginia throughout war, wounded three time. Brigadier general, November 1, 1862. Rear guard in retreat from Antietam (Sharpsburg). Brigade fought in first day of Battle of Gettysburg and in Pickett's Charge with nearly 50 percent casualties. Post-war: Teacher, then with Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) and Missouri School of Mines. Professor of civil engineering at Alabama Polytechnic Institute (Auburn University) for last 26 years of life.
75px	Lane, Walter P.	Brigadier General	February 18, 1817, County Cork, Ireland	January 28, 1892, Marshall, Texas	Pre-war: Migrated to United States at age 4. First settled in Guernsey County, Ohio. At age 18 went to Louisiana, then Texas. Fought at Battle of San Jacinto. Crew of a Texas privateer; Indian fighter; teacher. Mexican-American War veteran. Miner in California, Nevada, Arizona and Peru. War: Lieutenant colonel, 3rd Texas Cavalry. Fought at Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), in Louisiana and in Red River campaign. Severely wounded at Battle of Mansfield. Brigadier general, March 17, 1865, the last day the Confederate Senate met. Post-war: Merchant at Marshall, Texas.
75px	Law, Evander M.	Brigadier General	August 7, 1836, Darlington, South Carolina	October 31, 1920, Bartow, Florida	Pre-war: South Carolina Military Academy (The Citadel), 1856. Helped found and taught at Military High School, Tuskeegee, Alabama. War: Took company of State troops to Pensacola at start of war. Lieutenant colonel, 4th Alabama Infantry; colonel in November 1861. Severely wounded at First Bull Run (First Manassas). Fought at Seven Pines, Seven Day's Battles, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Antietam (Sharpsburg). Brigadier general, October 2, 1862. Fought at Gettysburg, Chickamauga. Led Hood's division after Hood wounded at Chickamauga. Fought at the Wilderness, Spotsylvania and Cold Harbor, where he was wounded again. Relieved from Army of Northern Virginia at own request and commanded cavalry force under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston in the Carolinas. New York Times obituary, other histories state promotion to major general, March 20, 1865; but major general promotion never ratified by the Confederate Congress which last met March 17, 1865. Post-war: Helped establish Florida educational system; newspaperman until age 80, commander of Florida division of United Confederate Veterans..
75px	Lawton, Alexander R.	Brigadier General	November 4, 1818, Beaufort District, South Carolina	July 2, 1896, Clifton Springs, New York; Buried: Savannah, Georgia	Pre-war: USMA, 1839, resigned 1841 to enter Harvard Law School. Lawyer at Savannah, Georgia. President, Augusta and Savannah Railroad. Served in both houses of Georgia legislature. War: Seized Fort Pulaski. Brigadier general, appointed April 13, 1861, confirmed August 28, 1861. Fought at Seven Days' Battles, badly wounded at Antietam (Sharpsburg). Quartermaster department from fall 1863 until end of war. Post-war: Resumed law practice, state legislator, 1870–1875. Active in Democratic Party. Minister to Austria, 1887.
75px	Leadbetter, Danville	Brigadier General	August 26, 1811, Leeds, Maine	September 26, 1866, Clifton, Canada Buried: Mobile, Alabama	Pre-war: USMA, 1836. Resigned commission at Mobile, 1857, where he had helped construct and repair harbor forts. Chief engineer of Alabama. War: Mainly an engineer officer in Confederate Army. Brigadier general, February 27, 1862. Supervised building defenses at Mobile, Chattanooga, Knoxville. General E. P. Alexander criticized Leadbetter's work at Knoxville. Chief engineer for Gen. Joseph Johnston, then at Mobile again. No record of capture or parole. Post-war: Went to Canada by way of Mexico, died there in 1866.
75px	Lee, Edwin Gray "Ned"	Brigadier General	May 27, 1836, "Leeland", Virginia	August 24, 1870, Yellow Springs, Virginia; Buried: Lexington, Virginia	Pre-war: Hallowell's School at Alexandria, Virgina; College of William and Mary. Son-in-law of Brig. Gen. Pendleton. Lawyer. War: 2d lieutenant, 2nd Virginia Infantry. Major, lieutenant colonel, colonel, 33rd Virginia Infantry. Aide to Stonewall Jackson at Harper's Ferry, 1861. In Jackson's Valley Campaign, Seven Days' Battles, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Antietam (Sharpsburg), Fredericksburg. Resigned due to ill health, December 1862. Recommissioned colonel in 1863, duty at Richmond, Virginia. In command at Staunton, Virginia for defense of Shenandoah Valley, May 17, 1864. Brigadier general, September 23, 1864 to rank from September 20, 1864. Given six month leave of absence for health, November 28, 1864. Brigadier general nomination rejected by Confederate Senate, February 24, 1865. Post-war: Ran blockade with wife just before end of war to Montreal, Canada. Died from "disease of the lungs," aged 34.
75px	Lee, Fitzhugh	Major General	November 19, 1835, "Clermont", Fairfax County, Virginia	April 23, 1905, Washington, D.C. Buried: Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1856. Wounded fighting Indians on the frontier. Nephew of General Samuel Cooper and General Robert E. Lee. Resigned from U.S. Army, May 1861. War: On staff of General Joseph E. Johnston at Battle of First Bull Run. Lt. colonel, 1st Virginia Cavalry. In Peninsula Campaign. Brigadier general, July 24, 1862. In invasion of Pennsylvania. Major general, August 3, 1863. Protege of Jeb Stuart. Actions helped hold Spotsylvania Court House for the Confederates. After Wade Hampton was ordered to North Carolina in January 1865, Lee commanded the remainder of the Cavalry Corps with the Army of Northern Virginia. Post-war: Farmer in Stafford County, Virginia. Governor of Virginia, 1885. Consul general to Havanna, Cuba. Major General of U.S. Volunteers in the Spanish-American War. Retired as brigadier general, U.S. Army, 1901.
75px	Lee, George Washington Custis	Major General	September 16, 1832, Fort Monroe, Virginia	February 18, 1913, near Alexandria, Virginia; Buried: Lexington, Virginia	Pre-war: Eldest son of General Robert E. Lee. USMA, 1854, first in class, engineer officer. Resigned May 2, 1862. War: Captain of engineers, constructed Richmond, Virginia defenses. Served on staff of President Jefferson Davis with the rank of colonel. Brigadier general June 25, 1863. Major general, October 20, 1864, confirmed February 3, 1865. No active field service until he organized clerks and mechanics for defense of Richmond near end of war. Captured at Battle of Sayler's Creek; paroled immediately because of mother's illness. Post-war: President of Washington College, later Washington and Lee University, succeeding his father in 1870 and serving until 1897. Retired to "Ravensworth", an ancestral home near Alexandria, Virginia and died there in 1913.
75px	Lee, Robert E.	General	January 19, 1807, "Stratford", Westmoreland County, Virginia	October 12, 1870, Lexington, Virginia	Pre-war: Son of Light-Horse Harry Lee. Removed to small house at Alexandria, Virginia after father's financial losses in land speculation. USMA, 1829. Married Mary Ann Randolph Custis, great grand-daughter of Martha Washington, June 30, 1831. Succeeded to Custis estate of "Arlington" across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C. Mexican-American War veteran, fought with Maj. Gen. Winfield Scott. Engineer. Supervised construction or improvement of Forts Pulaski, Monroe, Hamilton and Carroll. Superintendent of USMA, 1855–1855. Lt. Colonel, 2nd U.S. Cavalry, 1857–1861. Led U.S. Marine detachment against John Brown at Harper's Ferry, October 1859. Resigned April 20, 1861. War: Commander of Virginia land and naval forces. Brigadier general, May 14, 1861. Full general to rank from June 14, 1861. Led West Virginia Campaign. Examined South Atlantic seaboard defense. Military adviser to Confederate President Jefferson Davis, devised plan for Jackson's Valley Campaign to divert Union forces from Peninsula Campaign. Command of Army of Northern Virginia after General Joseph Johnston was wounded at Battle of Seven Pines. Led that army through all campaigns and battles until surrender at Appomattox Court House. Turned more defensive after Battle of Gettysburg and held off Union Army for 10 months during Siege of Petersburg through skilful use of field fortifications and entrenchments. Given command of all Confederate armies, January 23, 1865. Opposed guerrilla warfare after surrender. Set an example of conduct on return to Union. Post-war: President of Washington College, later Washington and Lee University, died 1870.
75px	Lee, Stephen Dill	Lieutenant General	September 22, 1833, Charleston, South Carolina	May 28, 1908, Vicksburg, Mississippi	Pre-war: USMA, 1854. War: Captain and aide-de-camp to General Beauregard. Served in artillery through Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg). Brigadier general, November 6, 1862. Assigned to Lt. General Pemberton at Vicksburg. Exchanged after surrender of Vicksburg. Major general, August 3, 1863. Command of Cavalry in Department of Mississippi, Alabama, West Tennessee and East Louisiana. Lieutenant general, June 23, 1864. Youngest Confederate lieutenant general. Assumed command of Hood's old corps when Hood succeeded Johnston as commander of Army of Tennessee. Led corps during Franklin-Nashville Campaign and Carolinas Campaign. Post-war: Farmer, state senator, first president of Mississippi State University. Leading figure in the United Confederate Veterans, commander-in-chief, 1904–1908.
75px	Lee, William Henry Fitzhugh "Rooney"	Major General	May 31, 1837, "Arlington", Virginia	October 15, 1891, near Alexandria, Virginia	Pre-war: Second oldest son of General Robert E. Lee. Harvard College graduate, 1857. Commissioned into U.S. Army for two years, then planter. War: Colonel, 9th Virginia Cavalry Regiment. Participated in most campaigns of Cavalry Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia. Brigadier general, rank from September 15, 1862. Severely wounded at the Battle of Brandy Station, June 1863. Captured by the Union Army while recovering, exchanged March 1864. Promoted to major general on April 23, 1864. In command of cavalry at Battle of Appomattox Court House. Post-war president of Virginia Agricultural Society. State senator for four years. U.S. House of Representatives, 1887–1891. Died at "Ravensworth" near Alexandria, Virginia.
75px	Leventhorpe, Collett	Brigadier General	May 15, 1815, Exmouth, Devonshire, England	December 1, 1889, Wilkes County, North Carolina; Buried: Happy Valley, Caldwell County, North Carolina	Pre-war: Served in British Army. Moved to North Carolina and married into prominent family. War: Colonel, 34th North Carolina Infantry, then colonel of 11th North Carolina Infantry. Duty mainly in North Carolina. Then with Army of Northern Virginia at Gettysburg. Badly wounded, captured and not exchanged for nine months. Then, appointed brigadier general of North Carolina state forces and operated on the Roanoke River and Weldon Railroad until the end of the war. Appointed brigadier general in the Confederate Army on February 18, 1865 and confirmed by the Confederate Senate. For unknown reasons, declined the appointment on March 6, 1865 and remained with state troops.
75px	Lewis, Joseph Horace	Brigadier General	October 29, 1824, Glasgow, Kentucky	July 6, 1904, Scott County, Kentucky	Pre-war: Centre College, 1843. Lawyer, three-term Kentucky legislator. War: Colonel, 6th Kentucky Infantry, September 1861. Fought at Shiloh, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga. Command of Orphan Brigade after death of Ben Hardin Helm. Brigadier general, September 30, 1863. After fall of Atlanta, brigade was mounted, attached to Maj. Gen. Wheeler's cavalry corps and opposed Union Maj. Gen. Sherman in his march to the sea and in the Carolinas. Surrendered as part of Jefferson Davis's escort, paroled at Washington, Georgia, May 9, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer at Glasgow, Kentucky, two terms in state legislator, three terms in U.S. Congress. Judge in Kentucky for 18 years starting in 1880, last four years as chief justice of the court of appeals. Resided on farm in Scott County, Kentucky until his death there.
75px	Lewis, William Gaston	Brigadier General	September 3, 1835, Rocky Mount, North Carolina	January 7, 1901, Goldsboro, North Carolina	Pre-war: University of North Carolina, 1855.School teacher in North Carolina and Florida, government surveyor in Minnesota, assisted in construction of Wilmington and Weldon Railroad, 1858–1861. War: Served in Bethel Regiment, major 33rd North Carolina Infantry. Lieutenant colonel, 43rd North Carolina Infantry, April 1862. Fought at Gettysburg, Plymouth, North Carolina, Siege of Petersburg. Brigadier general, May 31, 1864. In Valley Campaigns of 1864. Siege of Petersburg. Wounded and captured at Battle of Farmville, April 7, 1864, during Appomattox Campaign. Post-war: Civil engineer for more than 30 years; chief engineer of North Carolina for 13 years.
75px	Liddell, St. John Richardson	Brigadier General	September 6, 1815, Woodville, Mississippi	February 14, 1870, on Black River, Louisiana; Buried: Jonesville, Louisiana	Pre-war: Quit USMA after one year. Planter. War: Colonel, aide-de-camp for Maj. Gen. Hardee; confidential courier for Gen. A. S. Johnston. Commanded brigade at Corinth. Brigadier general, July 17, 1862. Battles: Second Corinth, Perryville, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga, Red River Campaign, Defense of Mobile, Fort Blakely. Post-war: On February 14, 1870, Liddell was murdered by Charles Jones, former Lt. Col., 17th Louisiana Infantry, and his two sons aboard a steamboat. Buried on his plantation near Jonesville in Catahoula Parish, Louisiana.
	Lilley, Robert Doak	Brigadier General	January 28, 1836, Greenville, Virginia	November 12, 1886, Richmond, Virginia; Buried: Staunton, Virginia	Pre-war: Washington College. Sold surveying instruments invented by father. War: In Charleston at fall of Fort Sumter. Recruited company which fought in Western Virginia campaign of 1861 as part of 25th Virginia Infantry. Battles Cedar Mountain, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Antietam (Sharpsburg), Gettybsburg. Major, January 1863, lieutenant colonel after Gettysburg. In Overland Campaign. Brigadier general, May 31, 1864, assigned to Lt. Gen. Early's old brigade. Wounded 3 times. Captured near Winchester, Virginia when wounded in July 1864 reconnaissance. Arm amputated, exchanged. In charge of reserve units in Shenandoah Valley. Post-war financial agent for Washington College (later Washington and Lee University); member of the Presbyterian Synod of Virginia. Died while attending a meeting of the Synod.
75px	Little, Lewis Henry	Brigadier General	March 19, 1817, Baltimore, Maryland	September 19, 1862, Iuka, Mississippi; Buried: Baltimore, Maryland	Pre-war: Commissioned directly into U.S. Army, 1839. Mexican-American war veteran. Resigned May 7, 1861. War: Major of artillery, soon colonel and assistant adjutant general on staff of Brig. Gen. Sterling Price. Commanded brigade at Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern). Brigadier general, April 16, 1862. Gen. Bragg assigned him to command a division after evacuation of Corinth. Fought under Price at Iuka. While talking with Price, Louis Hebert and Whitfield at Iuka, September 19, 1862, a ball passed under Price's arm and struck Little in the forehead, killing him instantly.
75px	Logan, Thomas Muldrup	Brigadier General	November 3, 1840, Charleston, South Carolina	August 11, 1914, New York, New York; Buried Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: South Carolina College (University of South Carolina), 1860. War: Volunteer during bombardment of Fort Sumter, then lieutenant of a company in Hampton's Legion. Captain after First Bull Run (First Masassas). Wounded in Seven Days' Battles. Fought at Antietam (Sharpsburg), then promoted to major. Fought in Suffolk campaign, at Chickamauga and at Knoxville as lieutenant colonel. With Wade Hampton in South Carolina. Brigadier general, February 15, 1865. Post-war: Career in railroad development. Along with J. P. Morgan, a principal organizer of Southern Railway Company (now Norfolk Southern Railway Company). Active in Democratic Party positions.
75px	Lomax, Lunsford L.	Major General	November 3, 1835, Newport, Rhode Island	May 28, 1913, Washington, D.C. Buried: Warrenton, Virginia	Pre-war: Born to a Virginia family. Father was stationed at Newport, Rhode Island with 3rd U.S. Artillery Regiment. USMA, 1856. Resigned from U.S. Army April 25, 1861. War: Staff officer until 1863. Inspector general of Army of West Tennessee. Colonel, 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment. Gettysburg. Brigadier general, June 23, 1863. Overland Campaign. Major general, August 10, 1864. Commanded cavalry in Valley Campaign of 1864, including Winchester, Cedar Creek. Command of Valley District. Surrendered at Greensboro. Post-war: Farmer. President of Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech), 1885–1899. Spent next six years helping to compile the Official Records of the war. A commissioner of Gettysburg National Military Park.
75px	Long, Armistead L.	Brigadier General]	September 3, 1825, Campbell County, Virginia	April 29, 1891, Charlottesville, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1850. War: Major of artillery in Confederate service, then staff officer. Became military secretary to General Lee when Lee took command of Army of Northern Virginia. Assigned to command artillery of 2d Corp. Brigadier general of artillery, September 21, 1863. Post-war: Became totally blind in 1870. President Grant appointed his wife postmistress of Charlottesville, Virginia. Wrote biography of Lee and several historical articles.
75px	Longstreet, James "Pete", "Old Pete"	Lieutenant General	January 8, 1821, Edgefield District, South Carolina	January 2, 1904, Gainesville, Georgia	USMA, 1842. Indian Wars, Mexican-American War. Resigned from U.S. Army, June 1, 1861. War: Brigadier general, June 17, 1861. Fought at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Major general, October 7, 1861. Battles: Peninsula Campaign, Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg). Occupied Marye's Heights at Battle of Fredericksburg. Commanded right wing at Battle of Gettysburg. Detached for service in western theater. Fought at Battle of Chickamauga. Failed to take and hold Knoxville. Returned to Army of Northern Virginia for Battle of the Wilderness, severely wounded by his own men on return from a night scout after the first day, similar to Stonewall Jackson at Chancellorsville, near same location. In Siege of Petersburg and Appomattox Campaign. Post-war: Republican and friend of U.S. Grant after the war. Commissioner of Pacific railroads, 1897–1904. Last of Confederate full and lieutenant generals to die.
75px	Loring, William Wing "Blizzards"	Major General	December 4, 1818, Wilmington, North Carolina	December 30, 1886, New York, New York; Buried: St. Augustine, Florida	Pre-war: Family moved to Florida soon after born. Fought against the Seminoles. Lawyer, Florida state legislator. Lost arm in Mexican-American War. Stayed in the regular army and was youngest colonel at time of Civil War. Resigned from U.S. Army, May 13, 1861. War: Confederate brigadier general, May 20, 1861; major general February 15, 1862. Senior major general on active service when he surrendered with General Joseph Johnston. Relieved of duty by Stonewall Jackson because of arguments during the Romney Expedition. In command in Southwest Virginia. Then in Mississippi, cut off from Vicksburg at Baker's Creek and escaped capture. Commanded a division in the Army of Tennessee until the end of the war. Post-war: General in Egyptian Army after the war. Returned to U.S. in 1879.
75px	Lovell, Mansfield	Major General	October 20, 1822, Washington, D.C.	June 1, 1884, New York, New York	Pre-war: USMA, 1842. Mexican-American War veteran. Deputy street commissioner in New York City. War: Appointed major general in Confederate Army, October 7, 1861. Assigned to New Orleans, but had to evacuate city due to attack by superior Union forces. At Second Battle of Corinth. No further assignments despite requests by Generals Johnston and Hood. Post-war: Returned to New York and was assistant engineer working on removal of East River obstructions.
75px	Lowrey, Mark Perrin	Brigadier General	December 30, 1828, McNairy County, Tennessee	February 27, 1885, Middleton, Tennessee, Buried: Blue Mountain, Mississippi	Pre-war: Son of Irish immigrants; father died, family moved to Tishomingo County, Mississippi, 1845. Mexican-American War veteran. Brick mason. Baptist minister, 1853–1861. War: Commanded 4th Mississippi State Troops, a 60-day regiment, then colonel 32nd Mississippi Infantry in 1862. Fought in Kentucky campaign, at Chickamauga. Brigadier general, October 4, 1863. Fought in Atlanta campaign, Franklin-Nashville campaign. Resigned March 14, 1863. Post-war: Founded Blue Mountain Female Institute, Blue Mountain Mississippi, 1873. President and professor of history and moral science until his death. Fell dead at train station at Middleton, Tennessee.
75px	Lowry, Robert	Brigadier General	March 10, 1830, Chesterfield District, South Carolina	January 19, 1910, Jackson, Mississippi	Pre-war: Parents moved to Tennessee, then to Tishomingo County, Mississippi. Mercantile businessman, then lawyer. War: Enlisted as private, soon major, 6th Mississippi Infantry. Twice wounded at Shiloh. Colonel in Vicksburg campaign. Led regiment in Atlanta campaign, Franklin-Nashville campaign. Promoted to brigadier general to rank from February 4, 1865 after death of Brig. Gen. John Adams at Franklin. With Gen. Joseph E. Johnston in the Carolinas, at Bentonville, and at surrender at Greensboro. Post-war: State senator for two years. Governor of Mississippi, 1881–1889. Defeated for U.S. Senate seat. State commander of United Confederate Veterans, 1903–1910.
75px	Lyon, Hylan B.	Brigadier General	February 22, 1836, Caldwell (now Lyon) County, Kentucky	April 25, 1907, Eddyville, Kentucky	Pre-war: USMA, 1856. Resigned from U.S. Army, April 30, 1861. War: Battery captain, the lieutenant colonel, 8th Kentucky Infantry. Taken prisoner at Fort Donelson, exchanged after 7 months in prison. Served at Holly Springs, Vicksburg. Escaped with command from Vicksburg. Brigadier general, June 14, 1864. Commanded brigade of 4 Kentucky regiments under Lt. Gen. Forrest near end of war. Command of District of Kentucky. Temporary command of all artillery at Chattanooga. Post-war: Went to Mexico briefly, farmer at Eddyville, Kentucky. One of lessees of state penitentiary and commissioner to build new branch penitentiary at Eddyville.

M

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
	Mackall, William W.	Brigadier General	January 18, 1817, Cecil County, Maryland	August 12, 1891, "Langley", near McLean, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1837. Severely wounded in Seminole War. Mexican-American War veteran. Declined USA promotion May 11, 1861, resigned July 3, 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel, adjutant general, staff of Gen. Albert S. Johnston. Brigadier general, February 27, 1862. Captured at Island No. 10, later exchanged. Held District commands. Chief of staff to Gen. Bragg, April 1863, relieved at own request after Chickamauga. Chief of staff to Gen. Joseph Johnston. Declined to serve under Gen. Hood. Post-war: owned farms in Fairfax County, Virginia. Died at one of them, "Langley", near McLean, Virginia.
75px	MacRae, William	Brigadier General	September 9, 1834, Wilmington, North Carolina	February 11, 1882, Augusta, Georgia. Buried: Wilmington, North Carolina	Pre-war: Civil engineer. War: Enlisted as private in infantry company, elected captain when it became a company in 15th North Carolina Infantry; lieutenant colonel April 1862, colonel, February 1863. Fought at Seven Days' Battles, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Antietam (Sharpsburg), Fredericksburg. Served in North Carolina. Returned to Army of Northern Virginia for Overland Campaign. Brigadier general (temporary), June 22, 1864, permanent November 4, 1864. Paroled at Appomattox. Post-war: General superintendent of several southern railroads.
75px	Magruder, John Bankhead "Prince John"	Major General	May 1, 1807, Port Royal, Virginia	February 18, 1871, Houston, Texas	Pre-war: USMA, 1830. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Brigadier general, June 17, 1861. Major general, October 7, 1861. Distinguished in the Peninsula Campaign by deceiving Union General McClellan of the strength of his force and delaying his advance so Confederates could gather forces and build defenses. Less successful in Seven Days Battles. Assigned to duty in Texas, successfully defended Galveston and dispersed Union fleet. Joined Imperial forces in Mexico but returned to Texas after downfall of Maximilian. Died in comparative poverty.
75px	Mahone, William "Little Billy"	Major General	December 1, 1826, Southampton County, Virginia.	October 8, 1895, Washington, D.C., Buried: Petersburg, Virginia	Pre-war: VMI graduate, 1847. Engineer of several Virginia railroads. President of Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad. Colonel of 6th Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Took part in capture of Norfolk Navy Yard. Built defenses at Drewry's Bluff. Continuously with Army of Northern Virginia for remainder of war except when recovering from severe wound at Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas). Brigadier general, November 16, 1861. Major general, July 30, 1864 for successful defense of Confederate line at Battle of the Crater during the Siege of Petersburg. After the war, Mahone created the railroad system that became the Norfolk and Western Railway. Elected to U.S. Senate in 1880.
75px	Major, James Patrick	Brigadier General	May 14, 1836, Fayette, Missouri	May 7, 1877, Austin, Texas	Pre-war: USMA, 1856. War: Staff of Maj. Gen. Van Dorn, Maj. Gen. Twiggs. Missouri State Guard lieutenant colonel at Battle of Wilson's Creek. Acting chief of artillery for Van Dorn at Vicksburg, 1862. Brigadier general, July 21, 1863. Fought in Red River Campaign, Battles of Mansfield, Pleasant Hill. Cavalry brigade commander under Maj. Gen. John A. Wharton. Post-war: In France after war, then planter in Louisiana and Texas.
75px	Maney, George Earl	Brigadier General	August 24, 1826, Franklin, Tennessee	February 9, 1901, Washington, D.C.	Pre-war: University of Nashville, 1845. Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer. War: Captain, 11th Tennessee Infantry. Colonel, 1st Tennessee Infantry, May 1861. Fought in Cheat River Campaign, Stonewall Jackson's Romney Campaign, then with Army of Tennessee at Shiloh. Brigadier general, April 16, 1862. Battles: Perryville, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Atlanta Campaign. Temporary command of Cheatham's division, but relieved of command, August 31, 1864. Record states paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina, May 1, 1865. Post-war: President of Tennessee & Pacific Railroad. Diplomat in Columbia, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, 1881–1894.
75px	Manigault, Arthur Middleton	Brigadier General	October 26, 1824, Charleston, South Carolina	August 17, 1886, South Island, Georgetown County, South Carolina	Pre-war: Commission business. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Captain of militia company, supervised construction of Charleston harbor batteries, aide to Gen. Beauregard during attack on Fort Sumter. Colonel, 10th South Carolina Infantry. Commanded first military district of South Carolina. Army of Tennessee after Shiloh; fought in battles from Second Battle of Corinth to Franklin. Brigadier general, April 26, 1863. Severe head wound at Franklin, incapacitated. Post-war: rice planter. Adjutant and inspector general of South Carolina, 1880–1886.
75px	Marmaduke, John Sappington	Major General	March 14, 1833, Arrow Rock, Missouri	December 28, 1887, Jefferson City, Missouri	Pre-war: Studied at Harvard, Yale; USMA, 1857. War: Colonel of Missouri militia, lieutenant colonel of 1st Arkansas Battalion, colonel of 3rd Confederate Infantry, essentially a state based unit. Brigadier general, November 15, 1862. Raided Missouri twice and attacked Helena, Arkansas in 1863. Defense of Little Rock under Major General Stirling Price. Killed General L. M. Walker in a duel. Fought in Red River Campaign, Price's Missouri Raid. Captured at Mine Creek, Kansas, October 25, 1864. Appointed major general, March 18, 1865, the last such Confederate major general appointment, although a prisoner of war. Post-war: businessman, editor of agricultural journal, railway commissioner and Governor of Missouri, 1884–1887.
75px	Marshall, Humphrey	Brigadier General	January 13, 1812, Frankfort, Kentucky	March 28, 1872, Louisville, Kentucky; Buried: Frankfort, Kentucky	Pre-war: Nephew of abolitionist James G. Birney. USMA, 1832, resigned 1833. Mexican-American War veteran. U.S. Congressman, 1849–1853; 1855–1859. U.S. minister to China, 1854. Tried to maintain border state neutrality. War: Brigadier general, October 30, 1861. Minor victory at Princeton, West Virginia. Resigned, June 16, 1862 but reappointed four days later; no record of further confirmation. In Gen. Bragg's Kentucky campaign. Resigned June 17, 1863. Lawyer at Richmond, Virginia; elected to Second Confederate Congress (from Kentucky). Post-war: Went to Texas; returned to Louisville to practice law in 1866.
75px	Martin, James Green "One Wing"	Brigadier General	February 14, 1819, Elizabeth City, North Carolina	October 4, 1878, Asheville, North Carolina	Pre-war: USMA, 1840. Mexican-American War veteran, lost right arm. Adjutant general of North Carolina state troops. War: Major general of militia in charge of defense of North Carolina, September 1861. In first year of war, North Carolina provided most, best equipped Confederate soldiers. Brigadier general, May 15, 1862, resigned July 25, 1862, reappointed August 11, 1862 and confirmed as of first date appointed. In command of District of North Carolina. Fought at Siege of Petersburg. Health broke and put in command of District of Western North Carolina. Post-war: Lawyer at Asheville, North Carolina.
75px	Martin, William T.	Major General	March 25, 1823, Glasgow, Kentucky	March 16, 1910, Natchez, Mississippi	Pre-war: Centre College graduate. Moved to Natchez, Mississippi, 1842. Lawyer, district attorney. War: Became colonel of Jeff Davis Legion. Commanded rear third of Jeb Stuart's cavalry force in the ride around McClellan. Fought in Seven Days Battles, Battle of Antietam. Brigadier general, December 2, 1862. Took part in Tullahoma campaign, Battle of Chickamauga. With Longstreet at Knoxville. Major general, November 10, 1863. Led a division under Wheeler in Atlanta campaign. Command of District of Northwest Mississippi at end of war. Post-war: Mississippi state senator for 12 years. University trustee. President of Natchez, Jackson & Columbus Railroad.
75px	Maury, Dabney Herndon "Little Dab", "Puss-in-Boots"	Major General	May 21, 1822, Fredericksburg, Virginia	January 11, 1900, Peoria, Illinois; Buried: Fredericksburg, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1846 after graduating from University of Virginia in 1842. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Colonel and chief of staff to Van Dorn. Fought at Battle of Pea Ridge. Brigadier general, to rank from March 12, 1862. Battles of Iuka, Second Corinth. Major general, November 4, 1862. Brief service at Vicksburg and in East Tennessee. Then in command at Mobile, Alabama until the end of the war. Post-war: Founder of Southern Historical Society in 1868. Executive committee of National Guard Association. Minister to Colombia for 4 years. Died at home of son.
75px	Maxey, Samuel Bell	Brigadier General	March 30, 1825, Tompkinsville, Kentucky	August 16, 1895, Eureka Springs, Arkansas; Buried: Paris, Texas	Pre-war: USMA, 1846. Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned in 1849 to study law; moved to Texas with attorney father in 1857. Texas state senator. War: Colonel, 9th Texas Infantry. Brigadier general, March 4, 1862. Fought in East Tennessee, at Port Hudson, in Vicksburg campaign under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston. In command of Indian Territory, December 1863. Fought in Red River Campaign. Assigned to duty as major general by General Edmund Kirby Smith on April 18, 1864, but not subsequently appointed to that rank by President Jefferson Davis; nonetheless shown as general by Wright (U.S. War Dept.), Warner. Post-war: lawyer, declined appointment as judge. United States Senator, 12 years, defeated for re-election in 1887.
75px	McCausland, John "Tiger John"	Brigadier General	September 13, 1836, St. Louis, Missouri	January 22, 1927, Farm near Henderson, West Virginia	Pre-war: VMI, 1857, University of Virginia, 1858. Asst. professor of mathematics at VMI after graduation from Virginia. War: Colonel, 36th Virginia Infantry. In West Virginia Campaign. Escaped with command from Fort Donelson before surrender. Fought in Virginia. In 1864, assumed command at Cloyd's Mountain after Brig. Gen. Albert Jenkins's death. Brigadier general, May 16, 1864. Fought in Valley Campaigns of 1864. Burned Chambersburg, Pennsylvania on orders of Lt. Gen. Early in retaliation of Union Army destruction of property in Shenandoah Valley. Fought at Petersburg, Five Forks. Cut way out from Appomattox before surrender. Paroled at Charleston, West Virginia. Post-war: In Europe for 2 years. Acquired 6,000 acres of land in Mason County, West Virginia and lived there for almost 60 years. Next to last surviving Confederate general.
75px	McComb, William	Brigadier General	November 21, 1828, Mercer County, Pennsylvania	July 21, 1918, near Gordonsville, Virginia	Pre-war: One account gives birth year as 1832. Manufacturing interests in Clarksville, Tennessee starting in 1854. War: Private, 14th Tennessee Infantry, 2d lieutenant, May 1861, major, 1862, lieutenant colonel after Battle of Cedar Mountain, colonel after Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas). Fought at Cheat Mountain; campaigns of Army of Northern Virginia. Severely wounded at Antietam (Sharpsburg) and Chancellorsville. Not at Gettysburg. Fought in Overland campaign, Siege of Petersburg. Brigadier general, January 20, 1865. Paroled at Appomattox Court House. Post-war: Resided in Alabama, Mississippi. Moved to Louisa County, Virginia in 1869. Farmer.
75px	McCown, John P.	Major General	August 19, 1815, Sevierville, Tennessee	January 22, 1879, Helena, Arkansas	Pre-war: USMA, 1840. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Colonel of Tennessee Artillery Corps. Brigadier general, October 12, 1861; major general, March 10, 1862. Battles of Belmont, New Madrid, Fort Pillow. Temporary command of Army of the West; command in East Tennessee. Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River). Bragg preferred charges against him for disobedience of orders and he served out the war without significant command. Defended Catawba River crossing in April 1865 with one artillery piece and 300 men against a division of Union cavalry. Post-war: teacher, farmer at Magnolia, Arkansas. Died at a Masonic Lodge meeting.
75px	McCulloch, Ben	Brigadier General	November 11, 1861, Rutherford County, Tennessee	March 7, 1862, Pea Ridge, Arkansas Buried: Austin, Texas	Pre-war: Elder brother of General Henry E. McCulloch. Battle of San Jacinto. Mexican-American War veteran. 49er. U.S. marshal in Texas for 6 years. War: Received surrender of General Twiggs at San Antonio. Brigadier general, May 11, 1861, in command in Arkansas. Victorious at Battle of Wilson's Creek. Killed in action at the Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), March 7, 1862, while directing the right wing of the army, clothed in a black velvet suit because he refused to wear a uniform. Second ranking brigadier general at time of death.
75px	McCulloch, Henry Eustace	Brigadier General	December 6, 1816, Rutherford County, Tennessee	March 12, 1895, Rockport, Texas	Pre-war: Younger brother of General Ben McCulloch. Sheriff of Guadalupe County, Texas, 1843. Mexican-American War veteran. State legislator, U.S. marshal. War: Colonel 1st Texas Mounted Riflemen. Brigadier general, March 14, 1862. Served almost entirely within Texas except for unsuccessful campaign to relieve Vicksburg and unsuccessful storming of Union fortifications at Milliken's Bend. Post-war: Farmer in Guadelupe County, Texas.
75px	McGowan, Samuel	Brigadier General	October 9, 1819, Laurens District, South Carolina	August 9, 1897, Abbeville, South Carolina	Pre-war: South Carolina College, 1841. Lawyer. Mexican-American War veteran. State legislator, 13 years. War: Major general of militia, commanded brigade at Fort Sumter. Colonel, 14th South Carolina Infantry in 1862. Brigadier general, January 17, 1863. Wounded four times. Fought in all Army of Northern Virginia battles except when recovering from wounds. Refused seat in Congress after the war. Psot-war: State legislator, 1878. Associate justice of South Carolina Supreme Court, 1879–1893.
75px	McIntosh, James M.	Brigadier General	1828, Fort Brooke, now Tampa, Florida	March 7, 1862, Pea Ridge, Arkansas	Pre-war: Son of Colonel James S. McIntosh, USA, who was mortally wounded at Battle of Molino Del Ray in Mexican-American War. Brother of Union Brevet Major General John B. McIntosh, graduate of U.S. Naval Academy. USMA, 1849, last in class. War: Colonel 2d Arkansas Mounted Rifles. Brigadier general, January 24, 1862. Killed at the Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), March 7, 1862.
75px	McLaws, Lafayette	Major General	January 15, 1821, Augusta, Georgia	July 24, 1897, Savannah, Georgia	Pre-war: USMA, 1842. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Colonel, 10th Georgia Infantry Regiment. Brigadier general, September 25, 1861; major general May 23, 1862. Peninsula campaign. Relieved by Longstreet because of failure of assault at Fort Sanders in Knoxville campaign. Restored to command by President Davis. Assigned to command in Georgia and under Joseph E. Johnston. Post-war: Insurance business, collector of internal revenue, postmaster.
	McNair, Evander	Brigadier General	April 15, 1820, Richmond County, North Carolina	November 13, 1902, Hattiesburg, Mississippi	Pre-war: Family moved to Mississippi in 1821. Merchant. Mexican-American War veteran. Moved to Washington, Arkansas, 1856. WarL Recruited and elected colonel of 4th Arkansas Infantry. Fought at Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), Richmond, Kentucky. Brigadier general, November 4, 1862. Fought at Murfreesboro (Stones River), with Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's forces near Vicksburg. Wounded at Chickamauga. With Price in Missouri Raid, 1864. Post-war: Resident of New Orleans, Louisiana, Magnolia, Mississippi and Hattiesburg, Mississippi.
	McRae, Dandridge	Brigadier General	October 10, 1829, Baldwin County, Alabama	April 23, 1899, Searcy, Arkansas	Pre-war: South Carolina College, 1849. Lawyer and 6-year court clerk at Searcy, Arkansas. War: Inspector general of state on staff of Governor Henry Massey Rector, 1861. Major, 3rd Battalion Arkansas Infantry. Colonel, 21st Arkansas Infantry. Fought at Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern). Brigadier general, November 5, 1862. Fought in effort to capture Helena, Arkansas to relieve Vicksburg. Fought in Red River Campaign (Camden Expedition) at Battles of Marks Mills, Jenkins' Ferry. Post-war: Resigned commission in late 1864 and returned to Searcy to practice law. Deputy Secretary of State, 1881. Promoted commerce of the state.
75px	Mercer, Hugh Weedon	Brigadier General	November 27, 1807, Fredericksburg, Virginia	June 9, 1877, Baden-Baden, Germany	Pre-war: Grandson of Revolutionary War General Hugh Mercer. USMA, 1828. Resigned April 30, 1835; settled at Savannah, Georgia, cashier of Planters' Bank, 1841–1861. War: Colonel, 1st Georgia Volunteers. Brigadier general, October 29, 1861. Commanded at Savannah; fought in Atlanta Campaign. Accompanied Lt. Gen. Hardee to Savannah after Battle of Jonesboro due to ill health and had no more field duty. Post-war: Returned to banking after the war. Moved to Baltimore in 1869, commission merchant. In declining health, spent last 5 years of life in Baden-Baden, Germany, where he died June 9, 1877.
	Miller, William	Brigadier General	August 3, 1820, Ithaca, New York	August 8, 1909, Point Washington, Florida	Pre-war: Soon after William's birth, family moved to Louisiana. Louisiana College. Mexican-American War veteran. Moved to Pensacola, Florida, operated a saw mill. War: Commanded battalion of 6 companies as major. Colonel, 1st Florida Infantry after Shiloh. Fought in Kentucky campaign; seriously wounded at Murfreesboro (Stones River). Commander of conscripts for State of Florida. Brigadier general, August 2, 1864; in command of Florida reserve forces. Commanded District of Florida. Post-war: lumber business, one term in lower house of Florida legislature, two terms in Florida senate. Died .
	Moody, Young Marshall	Brigadier General	June 23, 1822, Chesterfield, Virginia	September 18, 1866, New Orleans, Louisiana	Pre-war: Moved to Marengo County, Alabama at age 20. Teacher, merchant, clerk of circuit court, 1856–1861. War: Captain, 11th Alabama Infantry. Helped raise 43rd Alabama Infantry, elected lieutenant colonel, then colonel in November 1862. Fought in Kentucky campaign, at Chickamauga, in Knoxville campaign. At Siege of Petersburg under Gen. Beauregard. Severely wounded at Battle of Drewry's Bluff. In brigade command after Brig. Gen. Gracie's death, December 2, 1864. Brigadier general, March 4, 1865. Paroled at Appomattox Court House. Post-war: Went to Mobile, Alabama to engage in business. Died September 18, 1866 of yellow fever while in New Orleans, Louisiana on business.
	Moore, John Creed	Brigadier General	February 28, 1824, Hawkins County, Tennessee	December 31, 1910, Osage, Texas	Pre-war: Emory and Henry College; USMA, 1849. Seminole Wars. Resigned 1855. Professor at Shelby College, Kentucky in 1861. War: Organized and elected colonel of 2d Texas Infantry at Galveston, Texas. Commended by Maj. Gen. Withers for Battle of Shiloh. Brigadier general, May 26, 1862. Fought at Second Corinth, Vicksburg. Captured and exchanged; then sent to help with Mobile, Alabama defenses. In Command of Eastern and Western Districts of Department of the Gulf, December 10, 1863. Resigned February 3, 1864. Post-war: taught school in Texas and wrote many magazine and journal articles.
	Moore, Patrick T.	Brigadier General	September 22, 1821, Galway, Ireland	February 19, 1883, Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: Family went to Canada, 1835. Moved to Richmond, Virginia in 1850. Merchant and militia captain. Colonel, 1st Virginia Infantry. Fought at First Bull Run (First Manassas), severely wounded and incapacitated for field duty. Volunteer aide to Gen. Joseph E. Johnston at Seven Pines and to Lt. Gen. Longstreet at Seven Days Battles. Court martial duty. Helped organized Virginia reserve forces in 1864. Brigadier general, September 20, 1864. At end of war commanded brigade of Lt. Gen. Ewell's Richmond local defense troops, but no record he accompanied them during Appomattox campaign. Paroled at Manchester, Virginia, April 30, 1865. Post-war: insurance business at Richmond.
	Morgan, John Hunt "Thunderbolt"	Brigadier General	June 1, 1825, Huntsville, Alabama	September 3, 1864, Greeneville, Tennessee	Pre-war: Two sisters marred Lt. Gen. A. P. Hill and Brig. Gen. Basil Duke. Transylvania College. Mexican-American War veteran. Manufacturer hemp and engaged in general merchandise business at Lexington, Kentucky. Militia captain. War: Joined forces with Brig. Gen. Buckner at start of war. Colonel, 2nd Kentucky Cavalry, April 2, 1862. Brigadier general, December 11, 1862. Conducted a series of raids in Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana and Ohio; received Thanks of Confederate Congress. Raided into Ohio in 1863, captured near New Lisbon, Ohio, imprisoned in Ohio State Penitentiary with several officers. Escaped, made way south, in command of Department of Southwestern Virginia, April 1864. Killed in garden of house where he had been sleeping September 3, 1864, at Greeneville, Tennessee while on way to Knoxville to attack Union forces there.
	Morgan, John Tyler	Brigadier General	June 20, 1823, Athens, Tennessee	June 11, 1907, Washington, D.C.; Buried: Selma, Alabama	Pre-war: Family moved at age 9 to Calhoun County, Alabama. Studied law at Tuskegee and admitted to bar in 1845. Moved to Selma, Alabama, 1855. War: Enlisted at private, soon major and lieutenant colonel of 5th Alabama Infantry. Resigned in 1862 and recruited and elected colonel of 51st Alabama Partisan Rangers. Declined first offer to command Rodes's old brigade. Brigadier general, November 16, 1863. Fought at First Bull Run (First Manassas), Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga and in harassment of Sherman's march across Georgia. At end of the war he was trying to recruit black troops in Mississippi. Post-war: Lawyer, U.S. Senator, 1876–1907. Made long effort for building a canal in Central America to pass from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.
	Mouton, Jean J.A.A.	Brigadier General	February 18, 1829, Opelousas, Louisiana	April 8, 1864, Mansfield, Louisiana; Buried: Lafayette, Louisiana	Pre-war: Son of ex-Governor and U.S. Senator Alexander Mouton. Learned English as young man. USMA, 1850. Resigned soon after graduation to become railroad construction engineer and brigadier general of state militia. War: Colonel, 18th Louisiana Infantry, October 1861. Fought at Battle of Shiloh, dangerously wounded. Brigadier general, April 16, 1862. Led a brigade under Lt. Gen. Richard Taylor. In command of his brigade and that of Brig. Gen. de Polignac at Battle of Mansfield in the opening of the Red River campaign, killed in action leading a charge.

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Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
75px	Nelson, Allison	Brigadier General	March 11, 1822, Fulton County, Georgia	October 7, 1862, Little Rock, Arkansas.	Pre-war: Lawyer. State legislator, 1848–1849; 1859–1860. Mexican-American War veteran. Supported independence for Cuba, brigadier general under General Narcisco Lopez. In Kansas during the "border troubles". Fought Indians in Bosque County, Texas. War: Raised and elected colonel of 10th Texas Infantry. In minor engagement at DeVall's Bluff on the White River. Brigadier general, September 12, 1862. Assigned to command two brigades under then Maj. Gen. Holmes the day after falling ill of camp fever from which he died.
75px	Nicholls, Francis Redding Tillou	Brigadier General	August 20, 1834, Donaldsville, Louisiana	January 4, 1912, Thibodeaux, Louisiana.	Pre-war: USMA, 1855. Resigned the next year to study law at University of Louisiana (Tulane University). Practicing law at Napoleonville, Louisiana. War: Started war as captain but soon elected lieutenant colonel, 8th Louisiana Infantry. Fought at First Bull Run (First Manassas) and in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862. Wounded at Winchester and lost left arm. Brigadier general October 14, 1862. Left foot torn off at Chancellorsville. Commanded at Lynchburg, Virginia for a time, then in charge of volunteer and conscript bureau in Trans-Mississippi Department. Post-war: Elected Governor of Louisiana, 1876, 1888. Suppressed Louisiana Lottery in second term. Associate justice or chief justice of Louisiana Supreme Court from 1892 to 1911.
	Northrop, Lucius B.	Brigadier General	September 8, 1811, Charleston, South Carolina	February 9, 1894, Pikesville, Maryland	Pre-war: USMA, 1831. Severely wounded in Seminole Wars, 1839, and put on sick furlough. Studied and practiced medicine. War: Appointed colonel and commissary general of the Confederacy soon after his resignation from the U.S. Army on January 8, 1861. Responsibility for providing food for soldiers and Union prisoners. Appointed brigadier general to rank from November 26, 1864 but nomination not forwarded to Confederate Senate; nonetheless shown on full general list by Wright (U.S. War Dept.), Warner. Relieved February 15, 1865. Arrested June 30, 1865 on suspicion of deliberately starving Union prisoners. Charges dropped in October. Post-war: Farmer near Charlottesville, Virginia until 1890 when paralyzed. Died at Confederate Home, Pikesville, Maryland.

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Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
	O'Neal, Edward Asbury	Colonel Brigadier General: commission cancelled			See incomplete appointments section below.

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Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
75px	Page, Richard Lucian "Ramrod", "Bombast"	Brigadier General	December 20, 1807, Clarke County, Virginia	August 9, 1901, Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania, Buried: Norfolk, Virginia	Pre-war: First cousin of Robert E. Lee. Midshipman in U.S. Navy, 1824. Commander, 1855. Sea duty throughout the world, three tours of ordnance duty, executive officer of Norfolk Navy Yard. War: Resigned at outset of war and designed and supervised construction of works on James River and Nansemond River. Assigned ordnance officer at Norfolk. Promoted to captain and established ordnance and naval construction bureau at Charlotte, North Carolina. Took part in naval battle of Port Royal, South Carolina. Brigadier general, March 1, 1864. In command of outer defenses of Mobile Bay. Compelled to surrender after Union sea and land attack of August 1864. Paroled from Fort Delaware, July 24, 1865. Post-war: at Norfolk, Virginia, superintendent of city schools, 1975–1883.
75px	Palmer, Joseph B.	Brigadier General	November 1, 1825, Rutherford County, Tennessee	November 4, 1890, Murfreesboro, Tennessee	Pre-war: Union University, Murfreesboro, 1848. Lawyer, state legislator, 1849–1853, mayor of Murfreesboro, 1855-1859. War: Colonel, 18th Tennessee Infantry. Captured at Fort Donelson, exchanged. Wounded three times at Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River). Severely wounded at Chickamauga, returned for Atlanta campaign. Wounded at Jonesboro. Brigadier general, November 15, 1864. In Franklin-Nashville campaign; Palmer's brigade was in rear guard after Nashville. Commanded Tennessee regiments in Carolinas campaign. Fought at Bentonville, paroled at Greensboro, May 1, 1865. Post-war: resumed law practice.
75px	Parsons, Mosby M.	Brigadier General	May 21, 1822, Charlottesville, Virginia	October 15, 1865, China, Nuevo León, Mexico	Pre-war: Moved to Cole County, Missouri as a young man. Lawyer, Mexican-American war veteran. Attorney general of Tennessee, 1853-1857. War: Commanded pro-Confederate 6th Division of Missouri State Guard until commissioned brigadier general in Confederate States Army, November 5, 1862. Found at Carthage, Springfield, Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern) and in Arkansas campaigns. Fought in the Red River campaign and Camden expedition, including the battles of Pleasant Hill, Marks' MIlls and Jenkins' Ferry. Assigned to duty as major general by Gen. E. Kirby Smith, April 30, 1864 but never officially appointed. With Maj. Gen. Sterling Price in 1864 raid into Missouri. Post-war: Went to Mexico. Apparently was killed by Republican irregulars while fighting for Imperialist forces, probably on October 15, 1865 in the vicinity of China, Nuevo León state.
75px	Paxton, Elisha F. "Bull"	Brigadier General	March 4, 1828, Rockbridge County, Virginia	May 3, 1863, Chancellorsville, Virginia	Pre-war: Washington College, 1845, Yale University, 1847, then studied law at University of Virginia. Practiced law in Ohio, returned to Lexington, Virginia in 1854. Ceased practicing law in 1859 due to failing eyesight. War: Lieutenant of Rockbridge Rifles, part of 27th Virginia Infantry. Fought at First Bull Run (First Manassas), in Jackson's Valley campaign of 1862 as a major on Stonewall Jackson's staff. Promoted to brigadier general and assigned to command the Stonewall Brigade, September 1, 1862. Fought with command at Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville. Killed at Chancellorsville, May 3, 1863, when struck by a Minie ball while in the front line; later buried in Lexington, Virginia.
75px	Payne, William H.F.	Brigadier General	January 27, 1830, Fauquier County, Virginia	March 29, 1904, Washington, D.C.; Buried: Warrenton, Virginia	Pre-war: VMI, 1848, University of Virginia law school, 1850. Commonwealth attorney, 1856, at Warrenton, Virginia. WarL Enlisted as a private. Wounded and captured at Williamsburg in May 1862. Wounded and captured during Gettysburg campaign. Brigadier general, November 1, 1864. Wounded at Five Forks. Captured near Warrenton on night of President Lincoln's assassination. Released May 29, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer, one term in Virginia house of delegates, 1879. Moved to Washington and became general counsel of Southern Railway.
75px	Peck, William R. "Big Peck"	Brigadier General	January 31, 1818, Jackson County, Tennessee	January 22, 1871, Milliken's Bend, Louisiana; Buried: Jefferson City, Tennessee.	Pre-war: Moved to Louisiana in early 1840s; planter. War: Enlisted as a private on July 7, 1861 in 9th Louisiana Infantry, future Lt. Gen. Richard Taylor was the first colonel, Brig. Gen. Leroy Stafford was the second, Peck was the third, October 8, 1863. Fought in all the battles of Army of Northern Virginia from First Bull Run (First Manassas) until the last week of the war. Commanded brigade with rank of colonel in several actions including Battle of Monocacy. Brigadier general, February 18, 1865. Not at Appomattox, paroled at Vicksburg, June 6, 1865. He repeatedly placed himself in danger while in command in battle but was never wounded. Post-war: Died January 22, 1871 at his plantation; buried in family cemetery.
75px	Pegram, John	Brigadier General	January 24, 1832, Petersburg, Virginia	February 6, 1865, Dabney's Mill, Virginia; Buried: Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1854. War: Lieutenant colonel, captured at Battle of Rich Mountain. Colonel, chief engineer, staffs of Generals Beauregard, Bragg. Brigadier general, November 7, 1862, cavalry. Battles of Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga. Transferred to Army of Northern Virginia, commanded infantry brigade at the Wilderness, where wounded. Valley Campaigns of 1864. Commanded Rodes's division after Rodes's death at Winchester but was not formally promoted to major general. Killed in action at Dabney's Milll (Hatcher's Run), February 6, 1865.
75px	Pemberton, John Clifford	Lieutenant General	August 10, 1814, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania	July 13, 1881, Penllyn, Pennsylvania	Pre-war: USMA, 1837. Mexican-American War veteran. Wife was from Norfolk, Virginia. War: Commander of Department of Georgia, South Carolina and Florida. Brigadier general, June 17, 1861. Major general, January 14, 1862. Lieutenant general, October 10, 1862. Assigned to command of Department of Mississippi and Louisiana and defense of Vicksburg. Surrendered Vicksburg on July 4, 1863. No further duty for his rank was found for him. He resigned in 1864 but was then appointed lieutenant colonel of artillery. Post-war: :ived on farm at Warrenton, Virginia. Returned to Pennsylvania later.
75px	Pender, William Dorsey	Major General	February 6, 1834, Edgecomb County, North Carolina	July 18, 1863, Staunton, Virginia; Buried: Tarrboro, North Carolina	Pre-war: USMA, 1854. War: Colonel of 3rd (later 13th) North Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Fought at Battle of Seven Pines. Brigadier general, June 3, 1862. Fought in engagements from Seven Days Battles to Battle of Chancellorsville. Wounded three times. Major general, May 27, 1863. Division command at the Battle of Gettysburg, mortally wounded on the second day of that battle, died at Staunton, Virginia, July 18, 1863, after infection in leg and amputation on long retreat after battle.
75px	Pendleton, William N.	Brigadier General	December 26, 1809, Richmond, Virginia	January 15, 1883, Lexington, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1830. Resigned from U.S. Army, 1833. Teacher, Episcopal minister. War: Chief of Artillery of General Joseph E. Johnston. Brigadier general, March 26, 1862. Nominal chief of artillery of Army of Northern Virginia but mainly administrative work in last two years of war. Often preached to troops. Post-war: Resumed rectorship in Lexington, Virginia.
75px	Perrin, Abner Monroe	Brigadier General	February 2, 1827, Edgefield District, South Carolina	May 12, 1864, Spotsylvania Court House, Virginia; Buried: Fredericksburg, Virginia	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer, Columbia, South Carolina. War: Captain, 14th South Carolina Infantry. Fought in the Seven Days' Battles, at Cedar Mountain, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Harpers Ferry, Antietam (Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg. Colonel, February 20, 1863; led regiment, then brigade (after McGowan was wounded) at Chancellorsville. Led brigade at Gettysburg. Brigadier general, September 10, 1863. Fought at the Wilderness. Killed at the battle of Spotsylvania Court House, May 12, 1864, while leading his men to reinforce the Confederate line after Union forces took the Mule Shoe salient.
75px	Perry, Edward Aylesworth	Brigadier General	March 15, 1831, Richmond, Massachusetts	October 15, 1889, Kerrville, Texas; Buried: Pensacola, Florida	Pre-war: Entered Yale, 1950, withdrew to study law at University of Alabama. Lawyer at Pensacola, Florida, 1857-1861. War: Captain, 2nd Florida Infantry. Colonel, May 1862. Severely wounded at Battle of Frayser's Farm during the Seven Days' Battles. Brigadier general, August 28, 1862. Led Florida brigade at Chancellorsville. Contracted typhoid fever. Returned for start of Overland campaign, severely wounded at Battle of the Wilderness. Upon return, assigned to reserve forces of Alabama. Post-war: Lawyer and opponent of carpetbag rule. Governor of Florida, 1884. Did not seek re-election. Died from a stroke, October 15, 1889, visiting Kerrville, Texas.
	Perry, William F.	Brigadier General	March 12, 1823, Jackson County, Georgia	December 18, 1901, Bowling Green, Kentucky	Pre-war: Parents moved family to Alabama when he was 10 years old. Self-taught. Admitted to bar in 1854 but did not practice law. Twice elected as Alabama's first superintendent of public instruction. President of East Alabama Female College, 1858-1862. War: Enlisted as private in 44th Alabama Infantry; within a few weeks was elected major. Fought at Second Bull Run (Second Manassas) and Antietam (Sharpsburg), then colonel. Fought at Gettysburg, Chickamauga, the Wilderness and Spotsylvania Court House. After battle of Cold Harbor, led Law's brigade until surrender at Appomattox Court House. Brigadier general, February 21, 1865. Post-war: Planter in Alabama for 2 years. Moved to Kentucky and for many years was professor of English and philosophy at Ogden College, Bowling Green, Kentucky.
75px	Pettigrew, James Johnston	Brigadier General	July 4, 1828, Tyrrell County, North Carolina	July 17, 1863, Bunker Hill, Virginia; Buried: Tyrrell County, North Carolina	Pre-war: University of North Carolina graduate, 1847, age 18. Two years as assistant professor at the United States Naval Observatory, Washington, D.C. Studied law, traveled abroad, practiced law in Charleston. South Carolina legislator. War: Served in Charleston Harbor at fall of Fort Sumter. Colonel, 12th South Carolina Infantry. Brigadier General, February 26, 1862. Fought in Peninsula Campaign; wounded and captured at Seven Pines. Exchanged in two months, defenses of Petersburg and North Carolina. Commanded Heth's division after Heth was wounded at Gettysburg. Led division against center of Union Army line on Cemetery Ridge at Gettysburg in charge on third day known as Pickett's Charge. Mortally wounded on July 14, 1863 at Falling Waters, Maryland while commanding rear guard of Army of Northern Virginia in retreat from Gettysburg; died July 17, 1863.
75px	Pettus, Edmund Winston	Brigadier General	July 6, 1821, Limestone County, Alabama	July 27, 1907, Hot Springs, North Carolina.	Pre-war: Educated at the short-lived Clinton College, Smith County, Tennessee. Lawyer, 1842, moved to Gainesville, Alabama. Solicitor of district; judge of Alabama seventh circuit. Moved to Cahaba, Alabama, 1858. In 1861, sent as commissioner to Mississippi where his brother, John J. Pettus, was governor. War: Helped recruit 20th Alabama Infantry, elected major, then lieutenant colonel in October 1861. Captured at Vicksburg. Colonel after exchange. Brigadier general, September 18, 1863. Fought with Army of Tennessee from Chattanooga to Bentonville. Wounded in Carolinas campaign. Postwar lawyer and politician at Selma, Alabama. United States Senator, 1896-1907.
75px	Pickett, George E.	Major General	January 28, 1825, Richmond, Virginia	July 30, 1875, Norfolk, Virginia; Buried: Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1846, last in class. Mexican-American War veteran. Defied British in 1859 in occupation of San Juan Island. War: Brigadier General, January 14, 1862. Peninsula Campaign; severely wounded at Battle of Gaines Mill. Major general, October 10, 1862. Battles of Fredericksburg, Suffolk. Advanced his division against center of Union line on Cemetery Ridge at Gettysburg on July 3, 1863, the third day of the battle, along with divisions led by Pettigrew and Trimble, under Longstreet, in action which became known as Pickett's Charge. Later commanded Department of Virginia and North Carolina. Defense of Petersburg. Defeated by Sheridan at Battle of Five Forks while away from front line for most of battle. Relieved of command after Battle of Sayler's Creek but remained with army until surrender at Appomattox three days later. Post-war: Insurance agent at Norfolk, Virginia until death in 1875.
75px	Pike, Albert	Brigadier General	December 29, 1809, Boston, Massachusetts	April 2, 1891, Washington, D.C.	Pre-war: Was a prominent lawyer and land owner in Arkansas at outbreak of the war. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Brigadier general, August 15, 1861, responsible for recruiting Native American (Indian) troops. Pike was blamed for his Native American troops dubious conduct at Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern). Resigned July 12, 1862, resignation accepted November 5, 1862. Post-war: Indicted for treason at the end of the war but civil rights eventually restored. Lived in Memphis, moved to Washington. Writer of legal treatises, poems and other works, teacher, advocate of Freemasonry.
75px	Pillow, Gideon J.	Brigadier General	June 8, 1806, Williamson County, Tennessee	October 8, 1878, near Helena, Arkansas	Pre-war: University of Nashville graduate, 1827. Law partner of President James K. Polk. Brigadier general of volunteers in Mexican-American War. Quarreled with General Scott but was upheld by Polk. War: Senior major general of Tennessee provisional army in 1861. Brigadier general, CSA, July 9, 1861. At Battle of Belmont. Second in command at Fort Donelson. Passed command to Brigadier General Simon Buckner after General John B. Floyd passed command to him. Escaped with Floyd before surrender. Relieved of duty and assigned to volunteer and conscript bureau in Tennessee. Commissary general of prisoners from February 1865 after death of General John Winder. Post-war: Practiced law with former Tennessee governor Isham G. Harris.
75px	De Polignac, Camille A.J.M. "Pole-Cat"	Major General	February 16, 1832, Millemont, Seine-et-Oise, France	November 15, 1913, Paris, France	Pre-war: Son of the president of King Charles X's Council of Ministers. College of Stanislaus, Paris. French Army lieutenant, 1853-1859. Crimean War veteran. In Central America when war began. War: Lieutenant colonel, July 16, 1861, on staffs of Gen. Beauregard and Gen. Bragg. Brigadier general, January 10, 1863; major general, April 8, 1864. Served in Louisiana with Lt. Gen. Richard Taylor. Fought in Red River campaign battles, including Mansfield, Pleasant Hill. Ran blockade March 17, 1865 in order to urge Napoleon III to intervene on behalf of the Confederacy. War ended soon after he arrived in Spain. Post-war: Led 1st French Division in Franco-Prussian War; awarded the Legion of Honour. Studied mathematics and achieved a reputation in the field. Died November 15, 1913, Paris, France, last survivor of Confederate major generals.
75px	Polk, Leonidas	Lieutenant General	April 10, 1806, Raleigh, North Carolina	June 14, 1864, Pine Mountain, Georgia; Buried: New Orleans, Louisiana	Pre-war: USMA, 1827. Uncle of Brigadier General Lucius E. Polk. Resigned from army almost immediately and became an Episcopal bishop. War: Appointed major general on June 25, 1861 and lieutenant general on October 10, 1862. Army of Tennessee corps commander at Shiloh, Perryville, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga, opening of Atlanta campaign. Censured by General Bragg for dilatory tactics at Chickamauga. Killed by Union artillery shell at Pine Mountain, Georgia, near Marietta, Georgia, during the Atlanta campaign on June 14, 1864 while in the company of Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Hardee. First buried in Augusta, Georgia; remains later moved to New Orleans, Louisiana.
75px	Polk, Lucius E.	Brigadier General	July 10, 1833, Salisbury, North Carolina	December 1, 1892, Columbia, Tennessee	Pre-war: At age 2, family moved to plantation near Columbia, Tennessee. Nephew of Lt. Gen. Leonidas Polk. University of Virginia, 1850-1851. Planter near Helena, Arkansas. War: Enlisted as a private. Promoted from junior second lieutenant to colonel of 15th Arkansas Infantry after battle of Shiloh. Brigadier general December 13, 1862, succeeded Maj. Gen. Patrick Cleburne in brigade command. Fought at Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign. Severely wounded for the fourth time at Battle of Kennesaw Mountain in June 1864. Retired from Army; returned to old home near Columbia, Tennessee. Post-war: Delegate to Democratic National Convention in 1884. Elected to state senate in 1887. Two sons served in Spanish-American war; one was later a U.S. Congressman from Pennsylvania.
75px	Posey, Carnot	Brigadier General	August 5, 1818, Wilkinson County, Mississippi	November 13, 1863, Charlottesville, Virginia	Pre-war: College education at Jackson, Louisiana; University of Virginia law school. Planter for some years, then lawyer at Woodville, Mississippi. Mexican-American War veteran. President Buchanan appointed him U.S. District Attorney for Southern District of Mississippi. Captain of Wilkinson Rifles. Colonel, 16th Mississippi Infantry, June 1861. Fought at War: First Bull Run (First Manassas), Ball's Bluff (Leesburg), and in further campaigns of the Army of Northern Virginia. Brigadier general, November 1, 1863. Mortally wounded at Battle of Bristoe Station, October 14, 1863. Slight leg wound became infected, died November 13, 1863, Charlottesville, Virginia. Buried on the grounds of University of Virginia.
	Preston, John S.	Brigadier General	April 20, 1809, The Salt Works, near Abingdon, Virginia	May 1, 1881, Columbia, South Carolina.	Pre-war: Attended Hampden-Sydney College, University of Virginia, Harvard University law school. Lawyer at Abingdon, Virginia. Moved to Columbia, South Carolina, then moved to Louisiana and engaged in sugar planting. Returned to South Carolina in 1848. State senator for 8 years. Lived abroad, 1856-1860. Head of state delegation to 1860 Democratic Party convention. Commissioner to Virginia to plead for secession of that state. War: Lieutenant colonel and assistant adjutant general to General Beauregard at Fort Sumter, First Bull Run (First Manassas). Colonel, April 23, 1863; brigadier general, June 10, 1864. Served in command of prison camps, conscript camps and from July 30, 1863 as superintendent of bureau of subscription in Richmond, Virginia. Post-war: Lived in England, 1865-1868.
75px	Preston, William	Brigadier General	October 16, 1816, Louisville, Kentucky	September 21, 1887, Lexington, Kentucky, Buried: Louisville, Kentucky.	Pre-war: Educated in Kentucky and at Harvard University law school. Lawyer at Louisville. Mexican-American War veteran. Elected to both houses of Kentucky legislature. U.S. Representative from Kentucky, 1853-1857. Minister to Spain. War: Colonel, on staff of brother-in-law, General Albert Sidney Johnston, until Johnston was killed at the Battle of Shiloh. Brigadier general, April 14, 1862. Battles of Second Corinth, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga. In 1864, appointed Confederate minister to Imperial Mexican government but could not reach Maximilian's court; spent remainder of war in Trans-Mississippi. No record of supposed promotion to major general. Post-war: Went to Mexico, England, Canada; returned to Kentucky, 1866. Member of lower house of state legislature, 1868-1869.
75px	Price, Sterling "Old Pap"	Major General	September 20, 1809, Prince Edward County, Virginia	September 29, 1867, St. Louis, Missouri	Pre-war: Hampden-Sydney College graduate. Moved to Missouri in 1831 and purchased a farm in Chariton County. Six years in Missouri legislature; speaker for four years. U.S. Representative, 1846–1848. Mexican-American War veteran. Military governor of New Mexico. Governor of Missouri, 1853–1857. President of state convention that opposed secession but disagreed with extreme Unionists and joined pro-Confederate militia. War: Combined with General Ben McCulloch at Battle of Wilson's Creek to defeat Union General Nathaniel Lyon. Captured Lexington, Missouri and 3,000 prisoners but forced to retreat to Arkansas. Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern). Major general, March 6, 1862. Iuka, Second Corinth. Failed to retake Helena, Arkansas. Aided General E. Kirby Smith in repulsing Union Major General Frederick Steele's Camden Expedition. Raided Missouri in September and October, 1864. Ultimately defeated at Battle of Westport, retreated to Texas until the end of the war. Post-war: Went to Mexico but returned to U.S. when Maximillian's rule in Mexico collapsed.
75px	Pryor, Roger Atkinson	Brigadier General	July 19, 1828, Petersburg, Virginia	March 14, 1919, New York, New York, Buried Princeton, New Jersey.	Pre-war: Hampden-Sydney College valedictorian, 1845; University of Virginia law school. Lawyer, newspaper editor and U.S. Congressman. War: Resigned from Provisional Confederate Congress to join army as colonel, 3rd Virginia Infantry. After the battle of Williamsburg, April 16, 1862, promoted brigadier general. Led brigade at Seven Days' Battle, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Antietam (Sharpsburg). Stationed south of James River but in 1863 his regiments were reassigned. Resigned August 18, 1863 and served as a special courier without rank for the cavalry. Captured November 27, 1864, not released until near end of war. Post-war: Went to New York in 1865, associated with the Daily News and was admitted to the state bar. Practice law, judge of the court of common pleas and state supreme court; last seven years, a special referee of the appellate division of the court.

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Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
75px	Quarles, William Andrew	Brigadier General rank: August 25, 1863; nom. September 5, 1863; conf. January 25, 1864	July 4, 1825, near Jamestown, Virginia	December 28, 1893, Logan County, Kentucky	Pre-war: Family moved to Christian County, Kentucky when he was age 5. University of Virginia Law School graduate, 1848; lawyer; circuit court judge, supervisor of banks for Tennessee; president of Memphis, Clarksville and Louisville Railroad. War: Colonel 42nd Tennessee Infantry. Captured at Battle of Fort Donelson. Served at Port Hudson, fought in Vicksburg Campaign. Fought in Atlanta campaign, Franklin-Nashville campaign. Wounded at Battle of Franklin, captured, paroled May 25, 1865. Post-war: Paroled May 25, 1865. Tennessee state senator, elected 1880, 1884. Died at the home of a daughter in Kentucky.

R

Image	Name	Rank	Notes
	Rains, Gabriel J.	Brigadier General	Born June 4, 1803, Craven County, North Carolina. USMA, 1827. Brevet major for Seminole Wars. Lieutenant colonel, 5th U.S. Infantry, June 5, 1860. Brigadier general CSA (PACS), September 23, 1861. Command of brigade on the Peninsula. In falling back from Yorktown, he devised the anti-personnel mine and deployed them in roads, causing a large number of Union casualties. Major General Longstreet forbade further use of the mines during the campaign. Fought at Seven Pines and was severely criticized by A. P. Hill and relieved. First superintendent of the volunteer and conscript bureau, December 1862-May 1863. Set up mine and torpedo defenses at several threatened cities and harbors for duration of war. Post-war: resided in Atlanta; then clerk in quartermaster department at Charleston, South Carolina, 1877-1880. Died August 6, 1881, Aiken, South Carolina.
	Rains, James Edward	Brigadier General	Born April 10, 1833, Nashville, Tennessee. Yale Law School graduate at age 21. Attorney at Nashville. City attorney, 1858; associate editor of the Nashville Banner. District attorney general for Davidson, Williamson and Sumner counties, 1860. Enlisted as private in 11th Tennessee Infantry. Colonel, May 10, 1861. Occupied Cumberland Gap during winter of 1861-1862. Flanked out of that position in June 1862. During E. Kirby Smith's advance in Kentucky, Major General Stevenson's division, including Rains's brigade, operated against the Union General Morgan in Cumberland Gap. Brigadier general, November 4, 1862. Assigned to John P. McCown's division of Lt. Gen. Hardee's corp in the Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River). Killed in action leading his men against a Union battery, December 31, 1862. Reburied in Nashville.
	Ramseur, Stephen Dodson	Major General	Born May 31, 1837, Lincolnton, North Carolina. USMA, 1860. Captain of Ellis Light Artillery. Colonel of 49th North Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Seven Days' Battles. Severely wounded at Battle of Malvern Hill. Brigadier general, November 1, 1862. Wounded again at Battle of Chancellorsville. Wounded at Battle of Spotsylvania Court House. With General Jubal Early in Valley Campaigns of 1864. Major general, June 1, 1864, age 27. Mortally wounded at the Battle of Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864; captured, died October 20, 1864. Buried at Lincolnton, North Carolina.
	Randolph, George Wythe	Brigadier General	Born March 10, 1818 at Monticello, the home of his maternal grandfather, Thomas Jefferson, near Charlottesville, Virginia. Midshipman in Navy, age 13, served for 6 years. Entered University of Virginia, 1837, resigned from U.S. Navy, 1839. Lawyer in Albemarle County, Virginia until 1850. Moved to Richmond. Organized Richmond Howitzers artillery battery after John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry. Chief of artillery to Brig. Gen. Magruder at Battle of Big Bethel. Brigadier general, February 12, 1862. Confederate Secretary of War, March 1862. Resigned November 15, 1862. Soon diagnosed with tuberculosis. Went to France for his health; resigned Army commission December 18, 1864. Returned to Virginia after the war but died April 3, 1867 at a family estate near Charlottesville.
	Ransom, Matt Whitaker	Brigadier General	Born October 8, 1826, Warren County, North Carolina. University of North Carolina graduate, 1847. Lawyer. North Carolina legislator, 1858–1861. Colonel, 35th North Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment, part of younger brother's, Robert Ransom Jr.'s, brigade. Brigadier general, June 13, 1863. Fought at Seven Pines, Seven Days' Battles, Antietam (Sharpsburg), Fredericksburg, Plymouth, Weldon, Suffolk, siege of Petersburg. Wounded three times; paroled at Appomattox Court House. Post-war: lawyer, farmer, then U.S. Senator from North Carolina, 1872–1895. Then minister to Mexico. Died October 8, 1904, Garysburg, North Carolina.
	Ransom, Robert Jr.	Major General	Born February 12, 1828, Warren County, North Carolina. USMA, 1850. Colonel, 1st North Carolina Cavalry, (aka 9th North Carolina Volunteers). Brigadier general, March 1, 1862. Seven Days' Battles, Fredericksburg. Transferred to North Carolina. Major general, May 26, 1863. Defended Weldon Railroad. Commanded in Richmond and in East Tennessee. Fought with Beauregard against Union General Butler at Drewry's Bluff. Commanded cavalry during Lieutenant General Jubal Early's raid on Washington (Fort Stevens). Retired due to illness in Fall 1864. Civil engineer at New Bern, North Carolina after the war. Died January 14, 1892, New Bern, North Carolina. Younger brother of Brigadier General Matt Whitaker Ransom.
75px	Reynolds, Alexander Welch	Brigadier General	Born April, 1816, Clarke County, Virginia. USMA, 1838. Seminole War veteran. Captain, Regular Confederate Army, as early as March 1861. Colonel, 50th Virginia Infantry. With Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd in West Virginia; Kirby Smith at Knoxville. Was captured and paroled and later exchanged, at Siege of Petersbug. Brigadier general, September 14, 1863. Fought at Chattanooga and in the Atlanta campaign. Wounded at New Hope Church. In North Alabama and Middle Tennessee at the end of the war. Post-war service as colonel in several staff positions with Khedive of Egypt, 1869-1876. Died May 26, 1871, Alexandria, Egypt.
	Reynolds, Daniel H.	Brigadier General	Born December 14, 1832, Centerburg, Ohio. Ohio Wesleyan; Law school at Somerville, Tennessee. Lawyer, 1858, moved to Lake Village, Arkansas. Recruited a company for Confederate service, elected captain, assigned to 1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles, fought at Battle of Wilson's Creek. Promoted to major, lieutenant colonel and colonel, after the battle of Chickamauga. Brigadier general, March 5, 1864. Fought in Atlanta campaign, Franklin-Nashville campaign, Carolinas campaign. Lost leg at Battle of Bentonville. Paroled at Charlottesville, Virginia, May 29, 1865. Post-war lawyer, Arkansas State Senator, 1866-1867. Died March 14, 1902, Lake Village, Arkansas.
	Richardson, Robert Vinkler	Brigadier General	Born November 4, 1820, Granville County, North Carolina, moved early in life to Hardeman County, Tennessee. Lawyer, business associate of future Confederate generals Forrest and Pillow. Colonel, 12th Tennessee Cavalry. Fought at Shiloh, Second Corinth. Brigadier general, December 3, 1863 and duly confirmed, but nomination was returned to President Davis on February 9, 1864, at his request. Then it seems he operated with Brigadier General James R. Chalmers until the end of the war. Involved with railroad interests after the war. Mortally wounded by an unknown assailant at a tavern in Clarkton, Missouri on January 5, 1870 and died the next day. Buried at Memphis, Tennessee.
	Ripley, Roswell Sabine	Brigadier General	Born March 14, 1823, Worthington, Ohio., USMA, 1843, age 20. Mexican-American War veteran, wrote two-volume history of the war. Nephew of Brigadier General James W. Ripley, chief of ordnance of the U.S. Army, 1861-1863. Married into the Middleton family of Charleston, South Carolina, 1852. Resigned from army, 1853, to engage in business at Charleston. Lieutenant colonel of state forces in 1860; occupied Fort Moultrie after Major Robert Anderson moved the garrison to Fort Sumter; occupied Fort Sumter after its surrender. Brigadier general, August 15, 1861. In command in South Carolina until relieved by Major General Pemberton. Fought throughout the Seven Days Battles, severely wounded at Antietam (Sharpsburg). On duty in South Carolina in 1863 and 1864; ordered to General Joseph E. Johnston's army in spring 1865, arrived one day before the Battle of Bentonville. Went to England after the war but a manufacturing venture failed. He returned to Charleston but spent much time in New York City. Died March 29, 1887 at New York City; buried at Charleston, South Carolina.
	Roane, John Selden	Brigadier General	Born January 8, 1817, Wilson County, Tennessee. Cumberland College. Moved to Arkansas. State legislator, 1844, elected speaker. Mexican-American war veteran. Fought a duel with Captain, later Confederate General, Albert Pike. Governor of Arkansas, 1849-1852. Opponent of secession, did not take up arms immediately. Brigadier general, March 20, 1862. Fought at Battle of Prairie Grove. Served in Arkansas, Louisiana and Texas in garrison and detached duty. Paroled at Shreveport, Louisiana, June 11, 1865. Died April 8, 1867, Pine Bluff, Arkansas; buried at Little Rock, Arkansas.
	Roberts, William Paul	Brigadier General	Born July 11, 1841, Gates County, North Carolina. Youngest general officer in Confederate service. Born July 11, 1841. Enlisted at age 19 in the 19th North Carolina Volunteers, later the 2nd North Carolina Infantry. served in North Carolina, then with Army of Northern Virginia after Fall 1862. Colonel, June 1864. Fought at Battle of Reams' Station. Appointed brigadier general to rank from February 21, 1865 on February 23, 1865. Brigade fought well but was overcome by superior forces at Battle of Five Forks, April 1, 1865. State auditor, 1880–1888. Died at Norfolk, Virginia, March 28, 1910, buried at Gatesville, North Carolina.
	Robertson, Beverly Holcombe	Brigadier General	Born June 5, 1827, Amelia County, Virginia. USMA, 1849. Colonel 4th Virginia Cavalry. Fought in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862; commanded cavalry after death of General Turner Ashby. Fought at Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), duty in North Carolina, fought at battle of Gettysburg. Distrusted by Major General Jeb Stuart. Relieved and assigned to South Carolina until evacuated at the approach of Union Major General W. T. Sherman. Insurance business in Washington. Died November 12, 1910, Washington, D.C., buried in Amelia County, Virginia.
	Robertson, Felix Huston	Brigadier General	Born March 9, 1839, Washington, Texas. Resigned from USMA in January 1861. Fort Sumter, Pensacola, Shiloh, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga, Atlanta campaign in charge of artillery of General Wheeler's cavalry corps. Appointed brigadier general on July 26, 1864 but for unknown reasons his nomination was rejected by the Confederate Senate, February 22, 1865. Severely wounded at Buckhead Creek, near Augusta, Georgia, November 26, 1864. Only native Texan to have been appointed a Confederate general. Post-war lawyer at Waco, Texas. Died April 20, 1928, Waco, Texas, the last surviving general officer of the Confederacy. Son of Confederate Brigadier General Jerome Bonaparte Robertson.
	Robertson, Jerome Bonaparte "Polly", "Aunt Polly", "Bob"	Brigadier General	Born March 14, 1815, Woodford County, Kentucky. Studied medicine, Transylvania University graduate, 1835. Army of Republic of Texas. Practice medicine in Washington County, Texas. Indian fighter. Member of both houses of Texas legislature. Delegate to secession convention. Captain, 5th Texas Infantry Regiment, then lieutenant colonel and colonel. Brigadier general, November 1, 1862. Fought in Seven Days' Battles. Wounded at Battles of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas) and Gettysburg. Fought at Chickamauga and Knoxville with Longstreet. Spent Remainder of the war in Texas in command of state reserve corps. Post war doctor, superintendent of state bureau of immigration in 1874. In 1879 moved to Waco, interested in railroad building. Father of Confederate Brigadier General Felix Huston Robertson. Died January 7, 1891, Waco, Texas.
	Roddey, Philip D.	Brigadier General	Born April 2, 1826, Moulton, Alabama. Little or no formal schooling. Tailor, sheriff of Lawrence County, steamboat business. Captain of a cavalry company in 1861. Scouting missions. Colonel, December 1862, 4th Alabama Cavalry. Served under Generals Forrest and Wheeler, mainly in North Alabama. Active in Atlanta campaign, Franklin-Nashville campaign. Under Forrest, resisted Union General James W. Wilson's advance on Selma, Alabama. Forrest and Roddey swam the Alabama River to escape after collapse of Confederate lines. Paroled May 17, 1865. Post-war: engaged in business in New York. Became interested in a patent pump. Died July 20, 1897 in Westminster Hospital, London, England, on a business trip to negotiate sale of the patent.
75px	Rodes, Robert E.	Major General	Born March 29, 1829, Lynchburg, Virginia. VMI graduate, 1848. Assistant professor, civil engineer. Colonel 5th Alabama Volunteer Infantry Regiment at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Brigadier general, October 21, 1861. Wounded at Seven Pines. Fought at Battle of Gaines Mill although not yet recovered. Long recovery from wounds, illness. Fought at Battles of South Mountain, Antietam (Sharpsburg). Then on duty in North Carolina. Led van of Stonewall Jackson's flank march at Battle of Chancellorsville. Major general for services at Chancellorsville. Division command at Gettysburg, the Wilderness, Spotsylvania Court House and Valley Campaigns of 1864. Mortally wounded at Winchester, Virginia, September 19, 1864, while directing a counterattack that helped Confederate force escape capture. Buried at Lynchburg, Virginia.
	Ross, Lawrence Sullivan "Sul"	Brigadier General	Born September 27, 1838, Bentonsport, Iowa; family moved to Texas while an infant. Wesleyan University, Florence, Alabama, 1859. Spent vacations fighting the Comanches. Captain in Texas Rangers, 1859. Entered Confederate Army as a private. Colonel, 6th Texas Cavalry, May 14, 1862. Fought at Second Battle of Corinth. Brigadier general, December 21, 1863. Fought in 135 battles and engagements. Post-war farmer in Brazos valley. Sheriff of McLennan County, 1873; member of constitutional convention, 1875; State senator, 1881-1885. Governor of Texas, 1887-1891. President of Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas at College Station, 1891-1898. Died January 3, 1898, College Station, Texas. Buried at Waco, Texas.
	Rosser, Thomas L. "Savior of the Valley"	Major General	Born October 15, 1836, Campbell County, Virginia; family moved to Texas in 1849. USMA, resigned two weeks before graduation in 1861. First Bull Run (First Manassas). Wounded at Battle of Mechanicsville. Colonel, 5th Virginia Volunteer Cavalry Regiment. Wounded at Battle of Kelly's Ford. Brigadier General, September 28, 1863. Command of Laurel Brigade. Overland Campaign. Valley Campaigns of 1864. In October 1864 assumed command of Lt. Gen. Early's cavalry. Major General, November 1, 1864. Defeated at Woodstock and Cedar Creek. Two raids into West Virginia, then returned to Siege of Petersburg. Battle of Five Forks. Refused to surrender at Appomattox Court House but was captured and paroled in May 1865. Chief engineer of Norther Pacific and Canadian Pacific Railroads. On June 10, 1898, appointed brigadier general of U.S. Volunteers for the Spanish-American War; mustered out October 31, 1898. Died March 29, 1910 at Charlottesville, Virginia.
75px	Ruggles, Daniel	Brigadier General	Born January 31, 1810, Barre, Massachusetts. USMA, 1833. Fought in Seminole War of 1839–1840, Mexican-American War. Married into a Virginia family. Resigned from U.S. Army, May 7, 1861. Commanded Virginia state forces on Rappahannock River. Brigadier general, August 9, 1861. Led Bragg's First Division at Battle of Shiloh. Second Battle of Corinth; administrative duties. Commissary general of prisoners, March 30, 1865. Post-war: resided in Fredericksburg, Virginia except for four years managing a ranch in Texas. Member of USMA Board of Visitors, 1884. Died June 1, 1897, Fredericksburg, Virginia.
75px	Rust, Albert	Brigadier General	Born in 1818 in Fauquier County, Virginia. Moved to Union County, Arkansas about 1837. Lawyer. State legislator, 1842–1848, 1852-1854. U.S. Congressman, 1855–1857, 1859-March 3, 1861. Colonel, 3rd Arkansas Infantry. Fought at Cheat Mountain under General Lee. Served under Stonewall Jackson in winter of 1861-1862. Brigadier general, March 4, 1862. Fought at Second Battle of Corinth. Sent to report to Major General Sterling Price in April 1863. Served under General Hindman in Arkansas and Generals Richard Taylor and Pemberton in Louisiana. Post-war farmer near Little Rock, Arkansas. Died April 4, 1870, Little Rock, Arkansas.

S

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
	St. John, Isaac M.	Brigadier General and Commissary General February 16, 1865	November 19, 1827, Augusta, Georgia	April 7, 1880, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia; Buried: Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: Moved with parents to New York City. Yale University, 1845. Studied law; newspaper business in Baltimore. Civil engineer starting in 1848. Associated with Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. With Blue Ridge Railroad, 1855-1861. War: Private in Fort Hill Guards of South Carolina. Brigadier General Magruder's chief engineer at Yorktown in the Peninsula Campaign; captain of engineers. Major of artillery, October 1862. In charge of Nitre (later Nitre and Mining) Corps; lieutenant colonel and colonel in 1863. Produced crucial ordnance supplies for Confederate Army. Brigadier general and commissary general, February 16, 1865. Paroled at Thomasville, Georgia. Post-war: Civil engineer for railroads and two years with city of Louisville, Kentucky. Head of Mining and Engineering Department of Chesapeake and Ohio Railway.
	Sanders, John C.C.	Brigadier General, May 31, 1864	April 4, 1840 Tuscaloosa, Alabama	August 21, 1864, Siege of Petersburg, Virginia; Buried: Alabama	Pre-war: Left University of Alabama at outbreak of war. War: Vaptain in the 11th Alabama Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Fought at Seven Pines, Seven Days' Battles. Severely wounded at Battle of Frayser's Farm. Colonel after Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg). Fredericksburg, Salem Church, Gettysburg, Overland Campaign, Spotsylvania "Mule Shoe" salient. Appointed brigadier general from May 31, 1864. Fought at Petersburg, Battle of the Crater. Killed in action during the Siege of Petersburg while fighting along the Weldon Railroad, August 21, 1864, aged 24. First Buried at Richmond, Virginia. Reburied in Alabama 1918.
	Scales, Alfred Moore	Brigadier General June 13, 1863	November 26, 1827, Reidsville, North Carolina	February 8, 1892, Greensboro, North Carolina.	Pre-war: Educated at Caldwell Institute, Greensboro, North Carolina and University of North Carolina. Studied law, practiced at Madison, North Carolina; solicitor of Rockingham County. State legislator for four terms. U.S. Representative, 1857-1859. War: Enlisted as private, immediately elected captain of company in 13th North Carolina Infantry. Fought in Peninsula Campaign, Seven Days Battles, at Fredericksburg and at Chancellorsville, where he was wounded. Brigadier general, June 13, 1863. Severely wounded at Gettysburg. Fought in Valley Campaign of 1864 but on sick leave at end of war. Post-war: Lawyer at Greensboro, North Carolina. State legislator, 1866-1869. U.S. Representative, 1875-1884. Governor of North Carolina, 1885-1889.
	Scott, Thomas M.	Brigadier General May 10, 1864	1829, probably Athens, Georgia	April 21, 1876, New Orleans, Louisiana	Pre-war: Went to New Orleans, Louisiana as a young man but returned to reside at La Grange, Georgia. Farmer in Claiborne Parish, Louisiana at start of war. War: Colonel, 12th Louisiana Infantry. At Columbus, Kentucky. At Battle of Belmont but regiment was inactive. Part of garrison at Island Number 10. Part of garrison at Fort Pillow, April 1862. Duty at Port Hudson in late 1862 and early 1863. Fought at Battle of Champion's Hill (Baker's Creek) in the Vicksburg Campaign. Fought with General Joseph E. Johnston's forces. Remained in Mississippi. Went to Dallas, Georgia with Lt. General Leonidas Polk in 1864 for Atlanta campaign. Brigadier general, May 10, 1864. Fought in Franklin-Nashville Campaign. Severely wounded at Battle of Franklin, November 30, 1864; no further service. Post-war: Farmer, sugar plantation operator.
	Scurry, William Read	Brigadier General September 12, 1862	February 10, 1821, Gallatin, Tennessee	April 30, 1864, Jenkins Ferry Arkansas Buried: Austin, Texas	Pre-war: Went to Texas at age 16. Mexican-American War veteran. Commissioner from Texas to fix boundary with New Mexico. War: Lieutenant colonel of 4th Texas Cavalry Regiment. With General Sibley in New Mexico. Fought at Battles of Valverde, Glorieta Pass. In command at Glorieta because Sibley was allegedly under a doctor's care, but more likely intoxicated. Brigadier general, September 12, 1862. With Major General Magruder at recapture of Galveston. Fought in Red River Campaign, Battles of Mansfield, Pleasant Hill. Then went to help opposed Union General Steele's advance in the Camden Expedition in Arkansas. Mortally wounded at the Battle of Jenkins' Ferry, April 30, 1864. Bled to death when he refused to be taken to the rear.
	Sears, Claudius Wistar	Brigadier General			Born November 8, 1817, Peru, Massachusetts. USMA, 1841. Resigned from army in 1842 to become a teacher at St. Thomas's Hall, Holly Springs, Mississippi. Professor of mathematics at University of Louisiana (Tulane University), 1845-1859. Married into Southern family from Houston, Texas. President of St. Thomas's Hall until 1861. Captain, 17th Mississippi Infantry. Colonel, 46th Mississippi Infantry. Fought at Battle of Chickasaw Bayou and Battle of Port Gibson, May 1863. Captured and paroled at Vicksburg but not exchanged for several months. Brigadier general, March 1, 1864. Fought in Atlanta campaign until incapacitated by illness. Fought at Battle of Allatoona and in Franklin-Nashville Campaign. Lost leg at Battle of Franklin. Captured near Pulaski, Tennessee a few days after the battle. Paroled June 23, 1865. Chair of Mathematics, University of Mississippi, 1866-1889. Died February 15, 1891, Oxford, Mississippi.
	Semmes, Paul Jones	Brigadier General			Born June 4, 1815, Wilkes County, Georgia. Attended University of Virginia; banker, planter in Georgia. Captain of Columbus Guards militia company, 1846-1861. Colonel, 2d Georgia Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Brigadier general, March 11, 1862. With Major General Magruder at Yorktown, Williamsburg. Seven Pines, Seven Days' Battles, Crampton's Gap. Antietam (Sharpsburg). Brigade aided in defense of Marye's Heights at Battle of Fredericksburg. Salem Church. Mortally wounded at the Battle of Gettysburg, July 2, 1863, in Longstreet's attack on the Round Tops. Died during the retreat from Gettysburg at Martinsburg, Virginia (later West Virginia), July 10, 1863. Buried at Columbus, Georgia.
	Sharp, Jacob H.	Brigadier General			Born February 6, 1833, Pickensville, Alabama; taken as an infant to Mississippi. Attended University of Alabama, 1851-1852. Studied law; began practice at Columbus, Mississippi. Private in 1st Battalion of Mississippi Infantry; elected captain. Fought at Shiloh, in the Kentucky Campaign, at the Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River). Colonel, 44th Mississippi Infantry before battle of Chickamauga. Fought at Chickamauga, Chattanooga and in Atlanta campaign. Brigadier general, July 26, 1864. Fought in Franklin-Nashville campaign, Carolinas campaign. No record of parole. Post-war lawyer, owner of Columbus, Mississippi Independent newspaper, president of Mississippi Press Association. State legislator, 1886-1890. Died September 15, 1907.
	Shelby, Joseph Orville	Brigadier General			Born December 12, 1830, Lexington, Kentucky. Educated by step-father and at Transylvania University. Manufacturer of rope at Lexington, Kentucky, then at Waverly, Missouri. Led pro-slavery Kentuckians in Kansas-Missouri border conflict of the 1850s. Organized a Confederate cavalry company at the start of the war. Usually attached to forces of Major General Sterling Price. Fought in nearly all campaigns and many minor actions west of the Mississippi River. Brigadier general, December 15, 1863. At the end of the war, Shelby and a few of his men buried their battle flag and went to Mexico to fight but apparently could not reach an agreement to fight for either side. Returned to Missouri after fall of Maximilian in 1867. U.S. marshal for the Western District of Missouri, 1893-1897. Died February 13, 1897, Adrian, Missouri, buried at Kansas City, Missouri.
	Shelley, Charles M.	Brigadier General			Born December 28, 1833, Sullivan County, Tennessee; taken to Talladega, Alabama, 1836. Architect, builder. Lieutenant of Talladega Artillery, 1861. Captain, 5th Alabama Infantry. In Virginia during battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). In January 1862, he recruited 30th Alabama Infantry and was made colonel. Fought in Kentucky campaign, at Port Gibson and at Vicksburg, where he was captured. Upon exchange, he joined the Army of Tennessee and participated in every campaign from Chattanooga to the surrender at Greensboro, North Carolina. Brigadier general, September 17, 1864. Lost 432 men killed and wounded out of 1100 at Battle of Franklin; Shelley's horse was killed under him and he had bullet holes in his uniform. Spent a year in Louisiana, then returned to Alabama. Sheriff of Dallas County, 1874. Four terms in U.S. Congress. President Cleveland appointed him fourth auditor of the U.S. Treasury. Promoted industrial interests of Birmingham, Alabama. Died January 20, 1907, Birmingham, Alabama; buried at Talladega, Alabama.
	Shoup, Francis A.	Brigadier General			Born at Laurel, Indiana, March 22, 1834. Educated at Asbury College (DePauw University) and USMA, 1855. Resigned from army in 1860 to study law. Admitted in Indiana bar in 1860, to Florida (St. Augustine) bar in 1861. No apparent reason for adherence to Confederacy other than admiration for Southern men in the U.S. Army and recent move to Florida. Lieutenant of artillery; major, October 1861. Chief of artillery for Major General Hardee at Shiloh, for Major General Hindman at Prairie Grove. Brigadier general, September 12, 1862. Commanded a Louisiana brigade at Vicksburg; was captured, paroled and exchanged. Chief of artillery to General Joseph E. Johnston in Atlanta campaign. Chief of staff to General Hood. At end of war, Chair of Mathematics at University of Mississippi. Took Episcopal orders in 1868 and became rector of St. Peter's Parish in Oxford, Mississippi. In 1869, he went to Sewanee University as professor of mathematics and chaplain. In 1875, he left to become rector of several churches. He returned to Sewanee in 1883 as professor of mathematics, physics and engineering. Died September 4, 1896, Columbia, Tennessee, buried at Sewanee, Tennessee.
	Sibley, Henry Hopkins	Brigadier General			Born May 25, 1816, Natchitoches, Louisiana. USMA, 1838. Seminole War, Mexican-American War, Utah War veteran. Inventor of the Sibley tent. Resigned from U.S. Army, May 13, 1861. Brigadier general, June 17, 1861. Commanded disastrous Confederate New Mexico Campaign. Defeated at the Battle of Glorieta Pass, New Mexico, March 26–28, 1862, where he was allegedly intoxicated. Sibley also lost many men in his retreat to Texas because Union forces had destroyed most of his supplies. General E. Kirby Smith twice preferred charges against him. Alleged alcohol problems. Without a command at the end of the war. Egyptian Army, 1869–1873. Returned to United States and lectured on his Egyptian service. Died August 28, 1886, Fredericksburg, Virginia.
	Simms, James P.	Brigadier General			Born January 16, 1837, Covington, Georgia. Lawyer. First CSA record as major, 53rd Georgia Infantry, September 24, 1862. Regiment fought in Seven Days Battles. Simms fought at Second Bull Run (Second Manassas) and Antietam (Sharpsburg). Colonel at Fredericksburg. Fought at Salem Church, ancillary battle to Chancellorsville. Fought at Gettysburg, Knoxville, in the Overland Campaign and in the Valley Campaign of 1864. Distinguished at Cedar Creek. In later months of the Siege of Petersburg. Brigadier general, December 8, 1864. Captured at Sayler's Creek, released July 24, 1865. Post-war: resumed law practiced at Covington. State legislator, 1865–1866, 1877 term. Died May 30, 1887, Covington, Georgia.
	Slack, William Yarney	Brigadier General			Born August 1, 1816, Mason County, Kentucky; taken to Boone County, Missouri, near Columbia, at age 3. Lawyer; moved to Chillicothe, Missouri. Mexican-American War veteran. Brigadier general of pro-Confederate Missouri State Guard in 1861. Fought at Carthage, Springfield (where severely wounded). Promoted to brigadier general, April 17, 1862 to rank from April 12, 1862 but had already died on March 21, 1862 from wounds received close to his old wound at the Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern) on March 7, 1862. Slack was taken to a house within a mile of the battlefield but after a few days was moved to Moore's Mill, seven miles away, where his condition rapidly deteriorated, leading to his death. Word of Slack's death may not have reached Confederate Senate at time of his confirmation. Reburied at Fayetteville, Arkansas.
	Slaughter, James E.	Brigadier General			Born in June 1827 on his father's estate, which would become the battlefield of Cedar Mountain or Slaughter's Mountain. Nephew of President James Madison. Attended VMI, 1845-1846. Withdrew to accept commission in U.S. Army, in which he remained until 1861. Captain of artillery with General Bragg at Pensacola. Major, November 1861. Brigadier general, March 8, 1862. Assistant inspector general with Generals Albert Sidney Johnston, Beauregard and Bragg. Line command at Mobile. Chief of artillery to Major General Magruder at Galveston in April 1863; later, Magruder's chief of staff. Commanded Confederate force at Battle of Palmito Ranch, near Brownsville, Texas, the last engagement of the war between Confederate and Union forces. Post-war: lived several years in Mexico, returned to Mobile, Alabama and was engaged in civil engineering and as postmaster. Moved to New Orleans. Died while visiting Mexico City on January 1, 1901 and is buried there.
	Smith, Edmund Kirby "Ted", "Seminole"	General			Born May 16, 1824, St. Augustine, Florida. Parents were from New England. USMA, 1845. Mexican-American War veteran. Professor of mathematics at West Point. Fought in campaigns against the Indians. As major of 2d U.S. Cavalry, refused to surrender Fort Colorado, Texas to Texas militia under Ben McCulloch. Resigned from U.S. Army on April 6, 1861 when native state of Florida seceded. Brigadier general, June 17, 1861. Severely wounded at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Major general October 11, 1861. In command in East Tennessee; with Bragg during invasion of Kentucky. Victor at Battle of Richmond, Kentucky, August 30, 1862. Lieutenant general, October 9, 1862. Command of Trans-Mississippi Department, 1862–1865. Full general, February 19, 1864. Repulsed Union Major General Banks's Red River expedition and General Steele's associated Camden Expedition. Almost the last Confederate general to surrender on May 26, 1865. President of Pacific and Atlantic Telegraph Company for two years. President of Western Military Academy at Nashville, then chancellor of University of Nashville. Professor of mathematics at University of the South, 1875–1893. Last survivor of full generals of the Confederacy, died March 28, 1893, Sewanee, Tennessee.
	Smith, Gustavus Woodson	Major General			Born November 30 or December 1, 1821, Georgetown, Kentucky. USMA, 1842. Mexican-American war veteran; USMA professor. Street commissioner of New York City at outbreak of war. Major general, September 19, 1861. Commanded a wing of Army of Northern Virginia during Peninsula campaign. Interim Secretary of War, November 1862. Resigned in 1863 because of the promotion of junior officers over him. Major general of Georgia militia. Fought on the Chattahoochee before the Battle of Atlanta. Fought at Savannah; surrendered at Macon, Georgia, April 20, 1865. Superintendent of an iron works at Chattanooga. Insurance commissioner of Kentucky, 1870–1876. Then returned to New York City until his death there on June 24, 1896. Published several works on Mexican-American War and American Civil War. Buried at New London, Connecticut.
	Smith, James Argyle	Brigadier General			Born July 1, 1831, Maury County, Tennessee. USMA, 1853. Major, assistant adjutant general to Lt. Gen. Leonidas Polk. Colonel, 5th Confederate Infantry at Perryville, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga. Brigadier general, September 30, 1863. Atlanta campaign. Franklin-Nashville campaign. Led Major General Cleburne's division after his death at Franklin. Led part of remainder of Major General Cheatham's corps in Carolinas campaign. Paroled at Greensboro, May 1, 1865. Farmer, State Superintendent of Education in Mississippi. Died December 6, 1901, Jackson, Mississippi.
	Smith, Martin Luther	Major General			Born September 9, 1819, Tompkins County, New York. USMA, 1842. Mexican-American War veteran. U.S. Army career almost entirely in the South, married a girl from Athens, Georgia. Major, CSA Corps of Engineers; Colonel, 21st Louisiana Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Brigadier general, April 11, 1862, major general, November 4, 1862. Planned defenses and commanded troops at New Orleans and Vicksburg. Paroled prisoner of war for seven months. Chief engineer of Army of Northern Virginia, then Army of Tennessee. Prepared defenses of Mobile under General Beauregard. Died July 29, 1866, Savannah, Georgia.
	Smith, Preston	Brigadier General			Born December 25, 1823, Giles County, Tennessee. Attended Jackson College, Columbia Tennessee. Studied law, admitted to bar, moved to Waynesboro, Tennessee, then to Memphis, Tennessee. Colonel of militia regiment mustered into CSA as 154th Tennessee Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Severely wounded at Shiloh. Commanded brigade at Richmond, Kentucky, then division after Major General Cleburne was wounded. Brigadier general, October 27, 1862. At Battle of Chickamauga, rode in front of Union Army detachment during an attack at dark and was killed in action, September 19, 1863. Reburied at Memphis, Tennessee.
	Smith, Thomas Benton	Brigadier General			Born February 24, 1838, Mechanicsville, Tennessee. Nashville Military Institute graduate. Fought at Battles of Mill Springs, Shiloh. Colonel of 20th Tennessee Volunteer Infantry Regiment, May 1862. Severely wounded at Murfreesboro (Stones River). Fought at Baton Rouge, Chickamauga, Atlanta campaign. Brigadier general, July 29, 1864. Captured at Battle of Nashville. After he was taken prisoner, he was repeatedly struck with a sword by Colonel William Linn McMillen of 95th Ohio Infantry Regiment. Recovered temporarily and worked as a railroad brakeman after war. Admitted to state asylum at Nashville, Tennessee in 1876 and died there, May 21, 1923.
	Smith, William "Extra Billy"	Major General			Born September 6, 1797, King George County, Virginia. Lawyer, owner of mail coach service, rapidly expanded routes, resulting in extra payments and a nickname. Five terms in Virginia legislature, five terms as U.S. Representative, one term as governor of Virginia. As a civilian, took charge of a militia company and fought in first land battle of the war against a Union cavalry company, the Battle of Fairfax Court House (June 1861). Colonel of 49th Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Representative at First Regular Confederate Congress, attended between campaigns, resigned from Congress in 1863. Peninsula campaign, Seven Days' Battles, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Antietam (Sharpsburg), and Gettysburg. Wounded 5 times. Brigadier general, January 31, 1863, major general August 12, 1863. Governor of Virginia, inaugurated January 1, 1864. After war retired to estate near Warrenton, Virginia. Delegate to Virginia House of Delegates, 1877–1879. Died May 18, 1887, on his estate, "Monterosa", near Warrenton, Virginia.
	Smith, William Duncan	Brigadier General			Born July 28, 1825, Augusta, Georgia. USMA, 1846. Mexican-American War veteran. Colonel, 20th Georgia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, July 14, 1861. Brigadier general, March 7, 1862. Command of District of South Carolina. Battle of Secessionville. Died of yellow fever at Charleston, South Carolina, October 4, 1862, aged 37. Buried at Augusta, Georgia.
	Sorrel, Gilbert Moxley	Brigadier General			Born February 23, 1838, Savannah, Georgia. Clerk in banking department of Central Railroad of Georgia; private in militia company. Took part in capture of Fort Pulaski. Volunteer aide-de-camp to Gen. Longstreet at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Became lieutenant colonel and chief of staff to 1st corps of Army of Norther Virginia. Detailed to lead troops against Union left at the Wilderness. Brigadier general, October 27, 1864. Wounded at Petersburg and Hatcher's Run, February 1865. Post-war merchant, associated with steamship company. Died August 10, 1901 near Roanoke, Virginia. Buried at Savannah, Georgia.
	Stafford, Leroy A.	Brigadier General			Born April 13, 1822 near Cheneyville, Rapides Parish, Louisiana. Educated in Kentucky and Tennessee. Planter in Louisiana; elected sheriff of parish in 1845. Mexican-American War veterans. Recruited Stafford Guards and was elected captain. Mustered into 9th Louisiana Infantry, Stafford elected lieutenant colonel. Colonel, October 1861. In Jackson's Valley Campaign, Seven Days Battles, Cedar Mountain, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Harpers Ferry, Antietam (Sharpsburg), Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. Brigadier general, October 8, 1863. Assigned to 2nd Louisiana Brigade, Stonewall Division. In command at Mine Run. Mortally wounded on the first day of the Battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864. Died three days later. Reburied at "Greenwood", his place of birth.
	Starke, Peter Burwell	Brigadier General			Born in 1815 in Brunswick County, Virginia. Operated a stage line with brothers from Lawrenceville to Petersburg in Virginia. Moved to Mississippi in the 1840s. State legislator, 1850–1854, state senator, 1856–1862. Colonel, 28th Mississippi Cavalry, February 24, 1862. Fought in defense of Vicksburg, detached to forces of General Joseph E. Johnston near the end of the campaign. Fought in Atlanta campaign. Brigadier general, November 4, 1864. Under Lt. Gen. Forrest in Franklin-Nashville campaign. With General Chalmers in Mississippi at end of war. Member of board of Mississippi levee commissioners, 1866–1872 and one-term sheriff of Bolivar County. Returned to Virginia in 1873. Died July 13, 1888, Lawrenceville, Virginia. Buried in unmarked grave on former farm of second wife's family. Younger brother of Brigadier General William E. Starke.
	Starke, William E.	Brigadier General			Born in 1814 in Brunswick County, Virginia. After operating a stage line with brothers in Virginia, became cotton broker in Mobile and New Orleans. Aide-de-camp to Brigadier General Robert S. Garnett in West Virginia campaign. Colonel, 60th Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Seven Days' Battles. Brigadier general, August 6, 1862. At Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas) commanded Stonewall Division after Gen. Taliaferro wounded. Harper's Ferry. Command of division at Antietam (Sharpsburg) after Brigadier General J. R. Jones (actually colonel, never confirmed as general) was wounded. Killed in action at Antietam (Sharpsburg) on September 17, 1862. Buried at Richmond, Virginia.
	Steele, William	Brigadier General			Born May 1, 1819, Albany, New York. USMA, 1840. Mexican-American War veteran. Married into Texas family. Resigned from U.S. Army, May 30, 1861. Colonel, 7th Texas Cavalry. Commanded Mesilla area during Sibley's New Mexico campaign. Brigadier general, September 12, 1862. Command of Indian Territory in 1863. In charge of Galveston defenses, 1864. Fought with Lt. General Taylor in the Red River Campaign. Distinguished service at Pleasant Hill. Commanded Brigadier General Thomas Green's division after Green died at the Battle of Blair's Landing. Post-war commission merchant at San Antonio, Texas. Moved to Austin, Texas in 1873, state adjutant general for six years. Died January 12, 1885, San Antonio, Texas.
	Steuart, George H. "Maryland"	Brigadier General			Born August 24, 1828, Baltimore, Maryland. USMA, 1847. Routine cavalry service, resigned April 22, 1861. Captain of cavalry in Regular Confederate Army. Lieutenant colonel of 1st Maryland Infantry. Colonel after First Bull Run (First Manassas) when Arnold Elzey was promoted. Brigadier general, March 6, 1862. Fought in Jackson's Valley Campaign, seriously wounded at Battle of Cross Keys. Led a brigade at Gettysburg and continued in command until most of division was captured at the "Mule Shoe" at Spotsylvania Court House, May 12, 1864. Exchanged, in Pickett's division north of the James River during Siege of Petersburg. Commanded division in Pickett's absence at the Battle of Five Forks and during the Appomattox Campaign. Post-war farmer in Anne Arundel County, Maryland. Died November 22, 1903, South River, Maryland. Buried at Baltimore, Maryland.
	Stevens, Clement H. "Rock"	Brigadier General			Born August 14, 1821, Norwich, Connecticut, son of a U.S. Navy officer. Moved to Pensacola, Florida then to Pendleton, South Carolina, the state of his mother's birth. At sea, secretary to kinsmen, Commodores William Shubrick and William Bee. Worked for Planters and Mechanics Bank in Charleston, starting in 1842; cashier at start of war. Constructed the (arguably) first armored fortification at Morris Island. Severely wounded at First Bull Run (First Manassas) while serving as aide to his brother-in law, General Barnard Bee. Colonel, 24th South Carolina Infantry. Was in Vicksburg campaign, the transferred to Army of Tennessee. Severely wounded at Chickamauga. Brigadier general, January 20, 1864. Fought in Atlanta campaign. Mortally wounded in Battle of Peach Tree Creek, July 20, 1864. Died July 25, 1864, Atlanta, Georgia. Buried in Pendleton, South Carolina.
	Stevens, Walter H.	Brigadier General			Born August 24, 1827, Penn Yan, New York. USMA, 1848. Served almost entirely in Louisiana and Texas; married a sister of General Louis Hebert of Louisiana. Captain of engineers in Regular Confederate Army. Engineer to General Beauregard at First Bull Run (First Manassas). Major, chief engineer of Army of Northern Virginia under General Joseph E. Johnston. Colonel, in charge of Richmond defenses, after General Lee assumed command. Brigadier general, August 28, 1864. Again chief engineer of Army of Northern Virginia. Supposed to have been the last uniformed man to cross the Mayo Bridge during the evacuation of Richmond after the Battle of Five Forks. Paroled at Appomattox. Went to Mexico, became chief engineer of Imperial Railroad. Died November 12, 1867, aged 40, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Buried at Richmond, Virginia.
	Stevenson, Carter Littlepage	Major General			Born September 21, 1817, near Fredericksburg, Virginia. USMA, 1838. Mexican-American War veteran. Colonel, 53rd Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Brigadier general, February 27, 1862. Drove Union General Morgan from Cumberland Gap. Fought in Kentucky campaign. Major general, October 10, 1862. Captured at Vicksburg, paroled and later exchanged. At every battle of Army of Tennessee from Chattanooga to Bentonville, except at Franklin where his division were left to demonstrate against Union Major General Schofield south of the Duck River. Paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina, May 1, 1865. Post-war civil and mining engineer. Died August 15, 1888, Caroline County, Virginia, buried at Fredericksburg, Virginia.
	Stewart, Alexander P. "Old Straight"	Lieutenant General			Born October 2, 1821, Rogersville, Tennessee. USMA, 1842. Resigned from army in 1842 to become an educator. Initially opposed secession. Fought at Battle of Belmont. Brigadier general, November 8, 1861. Fought in all battles of Army of Tennessee. Major general, June 2, 1863, lieutenant general June 23, 1864. Succeeded to command of Polk's corps. Paroled at Greensboro. Professor at Cumberland University until 1870. In business at St. Louis, 1870–1874. Chancellor of University of Mississippi, 1874–1886. Commissioner of Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park until his death, August 30, 1908, Biloxi, Mississippi. Buried at New Orleans, Louisiana.
	Stovall, Marcellus A.	Brigadier General			Born September 18, 1818, Sparta, Georgia. Enlisted for service in the Seminole War. USMA appointment, 1836, left after one year because of illness. Toured Europe, returned to an estate near Rome, Georgia. At outbreak of war, colonel of artillery in state militia. Lieutenant colonel, 3rd Georgia Artillery Battalion, October 1861. Stationed in East Tennessee, with Major General E. Kirby Smith in Kentucky. Attached to Army of Tennessee. at Murfreesboro (Stones River) and Chickamauga. Brigadier general, January 30, 1863. Fought in Atlanta Campaign, Franklin-Nashville Campaign and Carolinas Campaign. Paroled May 9, 1865. Post-war cotton broker, manufacturer of fertilizers, organized and operated the Georgia Chemical Wars. Died August 4, 1895, Augusta, Georgia. Buried at Augusta, Georgia.
	Strahl, Otho French	Brigadier General			Born June 3, 1831, McConnelsville, Ohio. Attended Ohio Wesleyan University. Lawyer in Tennessee, at Dyersburg at start of the war. Captain 4th Tennessee Volunteer Infantry Regiment, lieutenant colonel in early 1862. Battles of Shiloh, Murfreesboro (Stones River). Brigadier general, July 28, 1863. Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign, Hood's Franklin-Nashville Tennessee campaign. Killed in action, November 30, 1864, one of six Confederate generals killed or mortally wounded at Battle of Franklin. Reburied at Dyersburg, Tennessee.
75px	Stuart, James Ewell Brown "Jeb", "Beauty"	Major General			Born February 6, 1833, Patrick County, Virginia. USMA, 1854. 1st United State Cavalry until Virginia seceded. Colonel 1st Virginia Volunteer Cavalry Regiment. Fought at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Brigadier general, September 24, 1861. Fought in Seven Days' Battles. Rode completely around Union Major General McClellan's army gathering information. Major general, July 25, 1862. Commanded cavalry corps of the Army of Northern Virginia. Seized large amount of supplies and documents before Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas). Detained Union force at Crampton Gap before Battle of Antietam. At Fredericksburg, and with Stonewall Jackson on flank march at Chancellorsville. Fought at Battle of Brandy Station. Controversial ride around Union Army before Battle of Gettysburg delayed his arrival until last day of the battle. Mortally wounded at the Battle of Yellow Tavern, May 11, 1864 and died at Richmond the following day. Son-in-law of Union Brigadier General Philip St. George Cooke. Wife's brother was Confederate Brigadier General John Rogers Cooke. Skilled, daring and renowned cavalryman and intelligence officer; one of America's great cavalry commanders. Buried at Richmond, Virginia.

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Image	Name	Rank	Notes
	Taliaferro, William Booth	Brigadier General	Born December 28, 1822, Gloucester County, Virginia. College of William and Mary, 1841; studied law at Harvard. Mexican-American War veteran. State legislator, 1850-1853. Commanded Virginia militia at time of John Brown's Harpers Ferry raid. Major general of state militia at beginning of war. Colonel, 23rd Virginia Infantry. With Brigadier General Robert Garnett in West Virginia campaign. With Stonewall Jackson in wither campaign. Brigadier general, March 4, 1862. Fought in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862; severely wounded at Groveton. Ordered to join General Beauregard in Charleston after Fredericksburg. Served in South Carolina, Georgia, Florida. Paroled at Greensboro, May 2, 1865, as a major general but no record of his promotion to that grade has been found. Post-war: state legislator, 1874–1879; judge of Gloucester County Court, 1891-1897. Member of board of Visitors of VMI, William and Mary. Died February 27, 1898, Gloucester County, Virginia.
	Tappan, James C.	Brigadier General	Born September 9, 1825, Franklin, Tennessee. Yale University, 1845. Lawyer at Vicksburg, Mississippi, 1846. Moved to Helena, Arkansas. State legislator, 2 terms. Circuit court judge. Colonel, 13th Arkansas Infantry. Fought at the Battles of Belmont, Shiloh, Perryville, Pleasant Hill, and Jenkins' Ferry and during Price's Raid into Missouri in 1864. Post-war: lawyer at Helena, Arkansas; two-term state legislator. Died March 19, 1906, Helena, Arkansas.
	Taylor, Richard	Lieutenant General	Born January 27, 1826, near Louisville, Kentucky. Son of President and General Zachary Taylor. Brother of Jefferson Davis's first wife. Yale University graduate. Served in Mexican-American War as father's military secretary. Sugar planter in Louisiana, 1850. State senator, 1856-1861. Brigadier general, October 21, 1861; major general, July 28, 1862. Fought in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862 and Seven Days' Battles. Assigned to command the District of West Louisiana. Defeated Union General Nathaniel Banks at the Battle of Mansfield and turned Banks back at the Battle of Pleasant Hill during the Red River Campaign. Offered to resign because General E. Kirby Smith would not allow him to follow up advantage. Lieutenant general, April 8, 1864. Assigned to Department of Alabama and Mississippi. Surrendered last Confederate forces east of the Mississippi River in May 1865. Worked for less severe application of Reconstruction laws. Died April 12, 1879, New York, New York; buried at New Orleans, Louisiana.
	Taylor, Thomas H.	Colonel Brigadier General unconfirmed	See Incomplete Appointments section below.
	Terrill, James Barbour	Brigadier General	Born February 20, 1838, Bath County, Virginia. VMI, 1858. Lawyer at Warm Springs, Virginia at beginning of war. Major, 13th Virginia. Brother of Union General William R. Terrill, who was killed at the Battle of Perryville. Fought at First Bull Run (First Manassas), Jackson's Valley Campaign, Cedar Mountain, second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Antietam (Sharpsburg). Promoted colonel May 15, 1863 after Chancellorsvile. Fought at Gettysburg. Fought in Overland Campaign. Killed at the Battle of Totopotomoy Creek, Virginia (Battle of Bethesda Church) during the 1864 Overland Campaign on May 30, 1864. Date of brigadier general appointment was June 1, 1864 to rank from May 31, 1864. Buried by Union soldiers near where he fell.
	Terry, William	Brigadier General	Born August 14, 1824, Amherst County, Virginia. University of Virginia, 1848. Lawyer and newspaper editor in Wytheville, Virginia. Lieutenant, 4th Virginia Infantry; major after Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Fought in Seven Days' Battles, Second Manassas (where wounded). Colonel September 1863. Brigadier general, May 19, 1864. Fought with Army of Northern Virginia from Fredericksburg to siege of Petersburg. Severely wounded at the Battle of Fort Stedman, Virginia, March 25, 1865, during the Siege of Petersburg. Post-war: lawyer. Served two terms in the United States House of Representatives in 1871–1873 and 1875–1877. Died September 5, 1888, hit by a freshet trying to cross a freshet and drowned; Buried at Wytheville, Virginia.
	Terry, William R.	Brigadier General	Born March 12, 1827, Liberty, Virginia. Graduate of VMI and University of Virginia. Merchant. Captain of cavalry at start of war. Fought at First Bull Run (First Manassas). Colonel 24th Virginia Infantry. Wounded seven times, including during Pickett's Charge at the Battle of Gettysburg and Dinwiddie Court House near Petersburg before the Battle of Five Forks. Would at Battle of Williambsburg. Led regiment at Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Brigadier general, May 31, 1864. Post-war: Member of Virginia Senate for eight years after the war.
	Thomas, Allen	Brigadier General	Born December 14, 1830, Howard County, Maryland. Princeton University, law, 1850. Moved to Louisiana after marriage, planter. Major of Louisiana infantry battalion. Colonel, 29th Louisiana Infantry, May 3, 1862. Captured and paroled at Vicksburg. Assigned to gather and organize paroled prisoners in the west. Brigadier general, February 4, 1864. Assigned to his brother-in-law's, Lt. Gen. Richard Taylor's department. Commanded division after General de Polignac departed for Europe. Post-war planter, Presidential elector, professor and member of the board of supervisors of Louisiana State University; coiner of the New Orleans mint and U.S. counsul to Venezuela. Moved to Florida, 1889-1907. Bought a plantation at Waveland, Mississippi in 1907, died there December 3, 1907; buried Donaldsonville, Louisiana.
	Thomas, Bryan Morel	Brigadier General	Born May 8, 1836 near Milledgeville, Georgia. USMA, 1858. Resigned from U.S. Army April 6, 1861. Lieutenant in Confederate regular army. Served on the staff of Major General Jones M. Withers at Shiloh, in Kentucky campaign and at Murfreesboro (Stones River). Colonel of reserve cavalry regiment in Brigadier General Clanton's brigade in Alabama. Brigadier General, August 4, 1864. Commander of a mixed brigade of infantry, cavalry and artillery in the Department of the Gulf. Captured at Fort Blakely, Alabama, April 9, 1865. Post-war planter in Georgia, deputy U.S. marshal, founder of a private school, 1884. Superintendent of public schools, Dalton, Georgia, 1891-1905. Died July 16, 1905, Dalton, Georgia.
	Thomas, Edward Lloyd	Brigadier General	Born March 23, 1825, Clarke County, Georgia. Emory College graduate. Mexican-American War veteran. Planter. Colonel, 35th Georgia Infantry, October 15, 1861. Fought at Seven Pines, Seven Days Battles, wounded at the Battle of Mechanicsville, Virginia. Fought in every major battle of the Army of Northern Virginia thereafter, except for the Battle of Antietam because he was paroling Union prisoners at Harper's Ferry. Brigadier general November 1, 1862. Paroled at Appomattox, April 9, 1865. Post-war: lived on estate until 1885 when appointed by President Cleveland to a position in the Land Department and later the Indian Bureau. Died March 8, 1898, South McAlester, Indian Territory, now Oklahoma.
	Tilghman, Lloyd	Brigadier General	Born January 18, 1816, near Claiborne, Maryland. USMA, 1836; resigned from U.S. Army, 1836. Railroad construction engineer in the South. Mexican-American War veteran. Brigadier general, October 18, 1861. Surrendered Fort Henry, Tennessee to Union Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grant in February 1862; prisoner-of-war until exchanged in Fall 1862. Fought at Second Battle of Corinth and during retreat from Holly Springs to Grenada. Killed at the Battle of Champion's Hill, Mississippi on May 16, 1863. Buried in New York City.
	Toombs, Robert A.	Brigadier General	Born July 2, 1810, Wilkes County, Georgia. Graduate of Union College, New York, 1830. Lawyer, 1830. Pre-war State legislator, United States Congressman and United States Senator. Almost chosen Confederate President. Confederate Secretary of State until July 19, 1861 when appointed brigadier general. Fought in the Peninsula Campaign, Seven Days' Battles and Second Bull Run (Second Manassas) camapign. Wounded at Burnside's Bridge during the Battle of Antietam. Resigned March 4, 1863. Vocal critic of Confederate President Jefferson Davis. Served with Georgia Militia during Sherman's March to the Sea. Fled abroad in 1865, returned 1867. Again became a power in Georgia politics but held no office because he did not apply for a pardon. Died December 15, 1885, Washington, Georgia.
	Toon, Thomas F.	Brigadier General	Born June 10, 1840, Columbia County, North Carolina. Wake Forest College, 1861. June 1861, first lieutenant, July 1861 captain of company in 20th North Carolina Infantry. Fought at Seven Pines, the Seven Days battles, South Mountain, and Fredericksburg. Colonel, February 26, 1863. Led regiment in Jackson's flank attack at Chancellorsville; fought at Gettysburg, in the Mine Run campaign, the Wilderness and Spotsylvania Court House. Brigadier general, May 31, 1864. Commanded brigade in Valley Campaign of 1864 and at Battle of Monocacy. In Siege of Petersburg. Wounded seven times, most severely at the Battle of Fort Stedman, Virginia, March 25, 1865. Reverted to grade (rank) of colonel when General R. D. Johnston returned to his command of the brigade in August 1864. Returned to North Carolina after the war, moved to Robeson County in 1891; state superintendent of education, 1901-1902. Died February 19, 1902, Raleigh, North Carolina.
	Tracy, Edward D.	Brigadier General	Born November 5, 1833, Macon, Georgia. Lawyer, moved to Huntsville, Alabama in 1850s. Captain of a Madison County company that became part of 4th Alabama Infantry. Fought at First Bull Run (First Manassas). Lieutenant colonel of 19th Alabama Infantry, October 12, 1861. Horse killed under him at Shiloh. Went to East Tennessee with McCown's division. Brigadier general, August 16, 1862. Sent to Vicksburg early in 1863. Killed at the Battle of Port Gibson, Mississippi, May 1, 1863. Buried at Macon, Georgia.
	Trapier, James H.	Brigadier General	Born November 24, 1815, near Georgetown, South Carolina. USMA graduate, 1838, 3rd in class. Resigned from U.S. Army in 1848, resided on plantation in South Carolina, active in militia. With Beauregard in construction of batteries in Charleston Harbor. Brigadier general, October 21, 1861; assigned to command District of Eastern and Middle Florida. Commanded a division at Second Battle of Corinth. Criticized by Florida State convention and by General Braxton Bragg. Held inferior posts in South Carolina until end of war. Died December 21, 1865, Georgetown, South Carolina, aged 50.
	Trimble, Isaac Ridgeway	Major General	Born May 15, 1802, Culpeper County, Virginia. USMA graduate, 1822. Resigned for the U.S. Army in 1832 to enter the field of railroad development. Burned bridges north of Baltimore at the outbreak of the Civil War. Colonel of engineers in State forces, building defenses of Norfolk, Virginia. Brigadier general, August 9, 1861. Fought in Jackson's Valley Campaign, the Seven Days' Battles, at Cedar Mountain and with Jackson in capture of Manassas Junction. Severely wounded at the Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas). Major general, January 17, 1863. Lost a leg and was captured during Pickett's Charge at the Battle of Gettysburg, July 3, 1863. Not exchanged until February 1865; unable to rejoin army before surrender. Died January 2, 1888, Baltimore, Maryland.
	Tucker, William F.	Brigadier General	Born May 9, 1827, Iredell County, North Carolina. Emory and Henry College, 1848. Lawyer and probate judge. Captain in 11th Mississippi Infantry. Fought at the Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Company was transferred to 41st Mississippi Infantry in the west with Tucker as colonel, May 8, 1862. Led regiment at Perryville, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga and Chattanooga. Brigadier general, March 1, 1864. Severely wounded at the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, May 14, 1864 and incapacitated for further field duty. Commanded District of Southern Mississippi and East Louisiana at end of the war. Post-war lawyer, state legislator, elected 1876, 1878. Murdered September 14, 1881, Okolona, Mississippi, allegedly by two men hired by a person against whom Tucker had a case pending for misappropriation of guardianship funds.
75px	Twiggs, David Emanuel "Horse", "Bengal Tiger", "Tiger"	Major General	Born in 1790, Richmond County, Georgia. Captain in 8th United States Infantry Regiment, March 12, 1812. Veteran of War of 1812 and Mexican-American War. Promoted to brigadier general and brevetted major general for Mexican-American War service. One of the four general officers of the line in the pre-Civil War U.S. Army. Surrendered U.S. Army forces and military stores in Texas before the beginning of the Civil War and for this reason was dismissed from the U.S. Army on March 1, 1861. Appointed major general in the Confederate Army on May 22, 1861 and assigned to command District of Louisiana, but soon was virtually retired due to infirmities. Died July 15, 1862, Augusta, Georgia; buried on property where born.
	Tyler, Robert C.	Brigadier General	Stated age as 28 when enlisted as private in Company D of 15th Tennessee Infantry, April 18, 1861. Supposed to have been born in Baltimore, Maryland but no definite record. Nothing known before his participation in William Walker's 1856 filibuster expedition to Nicaragua. Then moved from Baltimore to Memphis. Quartermaster, then lieutenant colonel of 15th Tennessee Infantry. At Battle of Belmont. Wounded at the Battle of Shiloh. After Second Battle of Corinth, was elected colonel of regiment. For a time was General Bragg's provost marshal during the Kentucky campaign. Wounded and lost a leg at the Battle of Missionary Ridge. Brigadier general February 23, 1864 but appears not to have rejoined army. Posted to duty at West Point, Georgia. With a small group of extra-duty men, militia and detached soldiers, defended Fort Tyler at West Point from forces of Union Major General James H. Wilson; killed by a sharpshooter, April 16, 1865, one week after the surrender of General Robert E. Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia. Buried at West Point, Georgia.

V

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
75px	Vance, Robert Brank	Brigadier General rank: March 4, 1863 nom: March 9, 1863 conf: April 23, 1863	April 24, 1828 Buncombe County, North Carolina	November 28, 1899 Asheville, North Carolina	Pre-war: Older brother of North Carolina Governor and U.S. Senator Zebulon Vance. Merchant, planter, clerk of court of pleas and quarter sessions. War: Recruited "Buncombe Life Guards" company, elected captain. Colonel, 29th North Carolina Infantry, when formed. In East Tennessee in defense of Cumberland Gap and in Kentucky Campaign with Major General E. Kirby Smith. Fought at Murfreesboro (Stones River), contracted yellow fever. As brigadier general, assigned to duty in Western North Carolina; captured at Crosby Creek, North Carolina, January 14, 1864, exchanged and final parole: March 10, 1865. Post-war: U.S. Congressman, 1873-1885. Assistant commissioner of patents, 1885-1889. State legislator, 1894-1896.
75px	Van Dorn, Earl "Buck"	Major General rank, nom: September 19, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Brigadier General rank, nom: June 5, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861	September 17, 1820 Port Gibson, Mississippi	May 7, 1863 Spring Hill, Tennessee	Pre-war: USMA graduate, 1842, 52nd of 56. Indian campaigns and Mexican-American War veteran. War: Confederate colonel upon joining CSA, then brigadier general, June 5, 1861. Commander of Confederate Army of the West. Defeated at battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern). Transferred to Army of Mississippi at Vicksburg. Defeated at Second Battle of Corinth by Union General William S. Rosecrans. Relieved by Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton. Destroyed Union Major General Grant's supply depots at Holly Springs, Mississippi, December 1862. Killed by a Dr. Peters, May 7, 1863, who alleged Van Dorn "violated the sanctity of his home."
75px	Vaughan, Alfred Jefferson Jr.	Brigadier General rank: November 18, 1863 nom: November 21, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	May 10, 1830 Dinwiddie County, Virginia	October 1, 1899 Indianapolis, Indiana	Pre-war: VMI graduate, 1851. Civil engineer, deputy U.S. surveyor in Southern California, private secretary to Alfred Cumming of Georgia who was negotiating a treaty with Indians of the upper Missouri River area for the Northern Pacific Railroad. Farmer in Marshall County, Mississippi, 1856. War: Captain of Dixie Rifles of Moscow, Tennessee. Lieutenant colonel, then colonel, 13th Tennessee Infantry. Fought in every battle in the west from Belmont to Vining Station. Wounded, lost leg at the Battle of Vining Station, Georgia during the Atlanta Campaign. Post-war: farmer in Mississippi until 1872 when moved to Memphis, prominent in Grange movement. Clerk of the criminal court of Shelby County, elected 1872, 1882. Commander of Tennessee Division of United Confederate Veterans, 1897-1899. Buried at Memphis, Tennessee.
	Vaughn, John C.	Brigadier General rank: September 22, 1862 nom: September 26, 1862 conf: October 3, 1862	February 24, 1824 Roane County, Tennessee	September 10, 1875 Thomasville, Georgia	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Merchant. War: Witnessed bombardment of Fort Sumter. Colonel, 3rd Tennessee Infantry, June 6, 1861. Reported to Harpers Ferry, fought at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Fought at Vicksburg, captured July 4, 1863. Commanded cavalry brigade during the Shenandoah Valley Campaign (1864). Fought at Battle of Piedmont, with Lieutenant General Early in march on Washington, wounded at Martinsburg, West Virginia. In command in East Tennessee, joined General Joseph E. Johnston's forces in North Carolina. Brigade formed part of Jefferson Davis's escort in flight south after fall of Richmond. Paroled May 9, 1865, Washington, Georgia. Post-war: lived in Brooks County, Georgia and Monroe County, Tennessee; one term as presiding officer of Tennessee senate.
75px	Villepigue, John Bordenave	Brigadier General rank: March 13, 1862 nom: March 14, 1862 conf. March 18, 1862	July 2, 1830 Camden South Carolina	November 9, 1862 Port Hudson, Louisiana	Pre-war: USMA graduate, 1854. Resigned from U.S. Army, March 31, 1861. War: Captain of artillery in Regular Confederate Army. Colonel, 36th Georgia Infantry. Commanded at Pensacola and Mobile, Alabama until promoted and ordered to join General Bragg at Corinth. Assigned to command Fort Pillow on the Mississippi River. Ordered to retire, blew up fort. Commanded a brigade under Major General Van Dorn at Second Battle of Corinth. Died of "fever," November 9, 1862. Ancestor of World War I Medal of Honor recipient John Canty Villepigue.

W

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
	Walker, Henry Harrison "Mud"	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 1, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	October 15, 1832 Sussex County, Virginia	March 12, 1912 Morristown, New Jersey	Pre-war: USMA graduate, 1853. Served in Kansas. Resigned from U.S. Army, May 3, 1861. War: Captain, Regular Confederate Army. Lieutenant colonel, 40th Virginia Infantry. Twice wounded at Battle of Gaines Mill. Fought at Bristoe Station, in Mine Run campaign. Wounded at Battle of Spotsylvania. Court martial duty in Richmond. Closing weeks: guard duty on Richmond and Danville Railroad. Jefferson Davis dispatched Walker and troops to General Joseph E. Johnston after surrender at Appomattox, but Walker was paroled May 7, 1865 at Richmond. Post-war: Investment broker at Morristown, New Jersey.
	Walker, James Alexander "Bulldog", "Stonewall Jim"	Brigadier General rank: May 15, 1863 nom: May 16, 1863 conf. February 17, 1864	August 27, 1832 near Mt. Sidney, Augusta County, Virginia	October 30, 1901, Wytheville, Virginia	Pre-war: Dismissed from VMI as a senior; charges by Stonewall Jackson. 18 months with Covington and Ohio Railway. University of Virginia School of Law graduate. Lived in Pulaski County, Virginia, militia captain. War: Ordered to Harpers Ferry. Lieutenant colonel, 13th Virginia Infantry, then colonel, succeeding A.P. Hill. Jackson came to have high regard for him. In almost every battle of 2nd Corps of Army of Northern Virginia from Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862 to Appomattox. Badly wounded at Battle of Spotsylvania. Paroled May 9, 1865. Post-war: Farmer in Pulaski County. Lawyer. Virginia House of Delegates, elected 1871. Virginia lieutenant governor, elected 1875. Became a Republican. U.S. Congressman, 1895-1899.
	Walker, John George	Major General rank:, nom: November 8, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863 Brigadier General nom: December 9, 1861 rank, conf: January 9, 1862	July 22, 1822 Cole County, Mississippi	July 20, 1893 Winchester, Virginia	Pre-war: Jesuit College, St. Louis. U.S. Army commission, 1846. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Major of cavalry in Regular Confederate Army. Lieutenant colonel of 8th Texas Cavalry. Fought in Maryland Campaign, including Harpers Ferry, Antietam (Sharpsburg). Transferred to the Trans-Mississippi Department after Battle of Antietam. Command of Texas Infantry division. After fighting in Red River Campaign, relieved Lieutenant General Richard Taylor in District of West Louisiana. End of War: Command of a division in District of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona. Went to Mexico before being paroled. Post-war: U.S. consul at Bogota, Columbia; special commissioner to South American republics for Pan-American Convention. Buried at Winchester, Virginia.
	Walker, Leroy Pope	Brigadier General rank:, nom: September 17, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	February 7, 1817 Huntsville, Alabama	August 22, 1884 Huntsville, Alabama	Pre-war: Attended University of Alabama; left to study law; lawyer, 1837. State legislator; judge of circuit court, delegate to Nashville Convention, secessionist. War: First Confederate Secretary of War; resigned September 16, 1861; appointed brigadier general September 17, 1861; garrison command at Mobile, Alabama and Montgomery, Alabama; resigned March 31, 1862; presided over military court, April 6, 1864 until end of war as a colonel. Post-war: Lawyer at Huntsville, Alabama; president of state constitutional convention of 1875; delegate to Democratic Party National Conventions, 1876, 1884.
	Walker, Lucius M.	Brigadier General rank:, nom: March 11, 1862 conf: April 11, 1862	October 18, 1829 Columbia, Tennessee	September 6, 1863 Little Rock, Arkansas	Pre-war: USMA graduate, 1850. Resigned, 1852; mercantile business at Memphis, Tennessee. War: Lieutenant colonel, 40th Tennessee Infantry; colonel, November 11, 1861; assigned to Memphis. Ill during Battle of Shiloh. Fought at Second Battle of Corinth, Tupelo, Farmington. Distrusted by General Braxton Bragg. Transferred to Trans-Mississippi Department under General E. Kirby Smith. Commanded cavalry brigade in Major General Sterling Price's attack on Helena, Arkansas. Killed in a duel with General John S. Marmaduke, who questioned Walker's courage, on September 6, 1863. Price had tried to prevent the duel. Buried at Memphis, Tennessee.
	Walker, Reuben Lindsay "Rube"	Brigadier General rank: February 18, 1865 nom: February 24, 1865 conf: March 1, 1865	May 29, 1827 Logan County, Virginia	June 7, 1890 Fluvanna County, Virginia	Pre-war: VMI, 1845. Civil engineer; farmer in New Kent County, Virginia. War: artillery commander; fought at First Bull Run (First Manassas); 63 battles with Army of Northern Virginia. Major, March 31, 1862, then lieutenant colonel, colonel; A.P. Hill's chief of artillery. Only leave of absence during Seven Days Battles due to illness. Paroled, May 8, 1865. Post-war: farmer at Selma, Alabama; superintendent, Marine and Selma Railroad, construction engineer of Richmond street railways; Richmond and Alleghany Railroad, Virginia state penitentiary and for Texas State Capitol. Farmer in Fluvanna County, Virginia, 1888-1890.
	Walker, William H.T. "Shot Pouch", "Fighting Billy"	Major General rank: May 23, 1863 nom: June 27, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864 Brigadier General rank, nom: February 9, 1863 conf: March 2, 1863	November 26, 1816 Augusta, Georgia	July 22, 1864 Atlanta, Georgia	Pre-war: USMA graduate, 1837. Wounded in Seminole Wars; gravely wounded in Mexican-American War. Resigned as major U.S. Army, December 20, 1860. War: Brigadier general in Confederate Army, May 25, 1861. At Pensacola, Florida, in Northern Virginia. Resigned October 29, 1861; commissioned major general of Georgia state troops. Recommissioned brigadier general, then major general in Confederate service in 1863. In Vicksburg campaign with General Joseph E., Johnston; commanded Reserve Corps at Chickamauga. Killed by a picket of Union Army's 16th Corps at the Battle of the Atlanta, July 22, 1864. Buried at Augusta, Georgia.
	Walker, William Stephen "Live Oak"	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 30, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	April 13, 1822 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania	June 7, 1899 Atlanta, Georgia	Pre-war: Raised by uncle, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury and Senator Robert J. Walker, Mississippi, also from Pennsylvania, who adhered to the Union during the Civil War. Mexican-American War veteran; mustered out August 31, 1848. Commissioned captain of 1st U. S. Cavalry Regiment in 1855 when U.S. Army expanded. Resigned May 1, 1861. War: Captain in Regular Confederate Army as from Florida. Colonel and acting inspector general of Department of South Carolina and Georgia. Commanded various districts; at Kinston, North Carolina in 1864, then with General Beauregard in defense of Petersburg. Wounded, captured at Petersburg on May 20, 1864, foot amputated, exchanged in Fall 1864. In command in North Carolina at the end of the war. Paroled May 1, 1865. Post-war: Lived at Atlanta, Georgia.
	Wallace, William Henry	Brigadier General (temporary) rank, nom: September 30, 1864 conf: September 21, 1864	March 24, 1827 Laurens District, South Carolina	March 21, 1901 Union, South Carolina.	Pre-war: South Carolina College, 1849. Planter, newspaper publisher, lawyer, State legislator, 1860. War: Enlisted as private, 18th South Carolina Infantry; lieutenant colonel, May 1862. Led regiment into Virginia shortly after Seven Days Battles. Colonel killed at Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Wallace succeeded him but was not nominated until June 10, 1864. Fought at battles of South Mountain and Antietam (Sharpsburg), defense of Charleston, South Carolina, and Siege of Petersburg. Fought at Battle of the Crater, July 30, 1864. Led brigade at Petersburg and in Appomattox Campaign. Paroled April 9, 1865. Post-war: lawyer, planter, State legislator. Circuit judge, 1877-1893.
	Walthall, Edward Cary	Major General (temporary) rank: June 6, 1864 nom: June 9, 1864 conf: June 10, 1864 Brigadier General rank: December 12, 1862 nom: December 23, 1862 conf: April 23, 1863	April 4, 1831 Richmond, Virginia	April 21, 1898 Washington, D.C.	Pre-war: Moved to Holly Springs, Mississippi, age 10. Lawyer, 1852. District attorney. War: 1st lieutenant, Yalobusha Rifles, 15th Mississippi Infantry; soon lieutenant colonel. Colonel, 29th Mississippi Infantry, April 11, 1862. Battles: Second Battle of Corinth, Kentucky campaign (except ill at Murfreesboro), Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign, Franklin-Nashville campaign, Carolinas campaign. With Army of Tennessee through the war. Wounded at "Battle Above the Clouds" at Chattanooga. Two horses killed under him at Battle of Franklin, Tennessee where six other Confederate generals died. Commanded rear guard from Nashville. Paroled at Greensboro, May 1, 1865. Post-war: lawyer, leader of movement to overthrow carpetbag government in Mississippi. United States Senator, 1885-1898. Buried at Holly Springs, Mississippi.
75px	Waterhouse, Richard	Brigadier General rank March 17, 1865 nom, conf: March 18, 1865	January 12, 1832 Rhea County, Tennessee	March 20, 1876 Waco, Texas	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran; fought while still a boy. Moved to San Augustine, Texas, 1849; mercantile business. War: Recruited 19th Texas Infantry, colonel, May 13, 1862. In major battles in the Trans-Mississippi Department. Fought at Milliken's Bend, Mansfield, Pleasant Hill. Assigned to command as brigadier general to date from April 30, 1864 by General E. Kirby Hill. Officially appointed to rank from March 17, 1865 by Jefferson Davis. Post-war: Land speculator in San Augustine and Jefferson, Texas. Fell down stairs at a Waco hotel and dislocated shoulder, died of pneumonia two days later. Buried at Jefferson, Texas
75px	Watie, Stand	Brigadier General rank, nom: May 6, 1864 conf: May 10, 1864	December 12, 1806 near Rome, Georgia	September 9, 1871, Delaware County, Oklahoma	Pre-war: Planter in Georgia, published Cherokee newspaper. Signed treaty agreeing to removal of Cherokee from Georgia, 1835; split tribe; leader of minority "treaty" faction. War: Leader of a minority faction of the Cherokees in Oklahoma in allegiance to the Confederacy. Colonel, 1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles, 1861. Battles: Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), raids, skirmishes. Last Confederate general to surrender, June 23, 1865. Post-war: Planter, business enterprises.
	Waul, Thomas N.	Brigadier General rank: September 18, 1863 nom: September 19, 1863 conf: June 10, 1864	January 5, 1813 Sumter District, South Carolina	July 28, 1903 Hunt County, near Greenville, Texas	Pre-war: Attended South Carolina College until junior year. Teacher at Florence, Alabama. Lawyer at Vicksburg, Mississippi, 1835. Moved to Gonzales County, Texas: lawyer, planter. Elected to Provisional Confederate Congress, 1861. Recruited Waul's Texas Legion, colonel, May 17, 1862. Surrendered at Vicksburg, exchanged September 18, 1863. Fought in Red River campaign Battles of Mansfield, Pleasant Hill and Camden Expedition Battle of Jenkins' Ferry. Post-war: First Texas reconstruction convention. Lawyer at Galveston. Later in life retired to a farm in Hunt County, Texas.
	Wayne, Henry C.	Brigadier General rank, nom: December 16, 1861 conf: December 24, 1861	September 18, 1815 Savannah, Georgia	March 15, 1883 Savannah, Georgia	Pre-war: USMA, 1838. 4th Artillery; transferred to quartermaster department, 1846. Mexican-American War veteran. Procured camels to test as means of army transportation in the southwestern U.S. Resigned from U.S. Army, December 31, 1860. War: Adjutant and inspector general of State of Georgia. Resigned brigadier general appointment after three weeks; on January 7, 1862, four days after being ordered to Manassas Junction and returned to former position as adjutant and inspector general of Georgia Militia until end of the war. Directly in command of Georgia militia until relieved by General G. W. Smith. Post-war: Lumber business in Savannah, Georgia, 1866-1875.
	Weisiger, David A.	Brigadier General rank: July 30, 1864 nom: November 1, 1864 conf: February 3, 1865	December 23, 1818 Chesterfield County, Virginia	February 23, 1999 Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Officer of the day in Virginia militia at hanging of John Brown in 1859. War: Colonel, 12th Virginia Infantry, May 9, 1861. Battles: Seven Pines, Seven Days' Battles, Second Manassas. Wounded, disabled from Second Manassas to following July. Succeeded Major General William Mahone in brigade command. Along with Mahone, Waul led successful counterattack at the Battle of the Crater at Petersburg, Virginia, July 30, 1864. Wounded at the Crater. Paroled at Appomattox, April 9, 1864. Post-war: Bank cashier at Petersburg, Virginia; businessman at Richmond, Virginia. Buried at Petersburg, Virginia.
	Wharton, Gabriel Colvin "Gabe"	Brigadier General rank: July 8, 1863 nom: September 25, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	July 23, 1824 Culpeper County, Virginia	May 12, 1906 Radford, Virginia	Pre-war: VMI, 1847, 2d in class. Civil engineering, mining interest, in Arizona. War: Major, 45th Virginia Infantry, July 1861. Colonel, 59th Virginia Infantry, August 1861. Battles: West Virginia campaign with Floyd. Escaped with Floyd from Fort Donelson in February 1862, then transferred east. Frequently operated in western Virginia. With Longstreet in East Tennessee. In Valley Campaign of 1864, Battle of New Market, pursued Hunter, with Early in campaign near Washington. Command overwhelmed and dispersed at Waynesboro, Virginia, March 1865. Paroled at Lynchburg, Virginia, June 21, 1865. Post-war: Resided in Radford, Virginia; elected several times to state senate, developed mining in the state.
	Wharton, John A.	Major General rank: November 10, 1863 nom: November 12, 1863 conf. January 25, 1864 Brigadier General rank, nom: November 18, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	July 3, 1828 near Nashville, Tennessee	April 6, 1865 Houston, Texas	Pre-war: Moved to Texas at young age. Educated at South Carolina College. Lawyer at Brazoria, Texas. Member of secession convention. War: Captain in Terry's Texas Rangers, 8th Texas Cavalry. Commander after deaths of Terry, Lubbock. Wounded at Shiloh; in Kentucky campaign. Served under Forrest, Wheeler. Battles of Murfreesboro, Chickamauga. Assigned to command cavalry in Richard Taylor's department. Red River campaign. Remainder of war in Trans-Mississippi Department. Killed by Colonel George W. Baylor, 2nd Texas Cavalry, on April 6, 1865 after Baylor stated the unarmed Wharton slapped him and called him a liar. Buried at Austin, Texas.
	Wheeler, Joseph "Little Joe", "Fightin' Joe"	Major General rank: January 20, 1863 nom: January 23, 1863 conf: February 4, 1864 Brigadier General rank, nom: October 30, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	September 10, 1835 Augusta, Georgia	January 25, 1906 Brooklyn, New York	Pre-war: USMA, 1859. Resigned from U.S. Army, April 22, 1861. War: 1st lieutenant of artillery. Colonel, 19th Alabama Infantry, September 4, 1861. Fought at Shiloh; transferred to cavalry. Chief of cavalry of the Army of Mississippi, July 13, 1862, and the Army of Tennessee. Wounded three times. Battles: Kentucky campaign, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign. Raided Sherman's communications, unsuccessful in opposing Sherman's advance to Savannah. In Carolinas Campaign; succeeded by Lieutenant General Wade Hampton as command became increasingly undisciplined. Post-war: Lived in New Orleans, moved to Wheeler, Alabama, 1868. U.S. Congressman, 1882-1898. Major general of U.S. Volunteers in the Spanish-American War. Retired as brigadier general in the U.S. Army (Regular Army). One of two Confederate generals buried at Arlington National Cemetery.
	Whitfield, John Wilkins	Brigadier General rank, nom: May 9, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	March 11, 1818 Franklin, Tennessee	October 27, 1879 Halletsville, Texas	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Moved to Independence, Missouri, about 1853. Indian agent in Missouri and Arkansas. Congressional delegate from Kansas Territory, 1857. Register of land office at Doniphan, Kansas. War: Major, 4th Battalion Texas Cavalry. Colonel, 27th Texas Infantry. Fought at Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), Iuka, Vicksburg campaign with General Joseph E. Johnston. Wounded at Battle of Iuka, Mississippi. Commanded a brigade under Major General W. H. Jackson in Mississippi. Without a command later in the war. Paroled June 29, 1865, Columbus, Texas. Post-war: State legislator from Lavaca County, Texas.
	Whiting, William Henry Chase "Little Billy"	Major General rank: February 28, 1863 nom: March 5, 1863 conf: April 22, 1863 Brigadier General rank, nom: July 21, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861	March 22, 1824 Biloxi, Mississippi	March 10, 1865 New York, New York	Pre-war: USMA, 1845; highest grades at West Point achieved up to that time. Rivers and harbors and fortifications construction in South and California. War: Joined Joseph E. Johnston's Army of the Shenandoah as chief engineer and arranged its transfer to the Battle of First Bull Run (Manassas). Commanded a division in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862, Seven Pines, Seven Days Battles. After Battle of Malvern Hill, developed Fort Fisher, North Carolina. Briefly at Siege of Petersburg. Severely wounded, taken prisoner at Battle of Fort Fisher, January 15, 1865. Died of wounds, March 10, 1865, at Fort Columbus, New York Harbor. Buried in Wilmington, North Carolina.
	Wickham, Williams Carter	Brigadier General rank: September 1, 1863 nom: September 2, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	September 21, 1820 Richmond, Virginia	July 23, 1888 Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: University of Virginia graduate. Lawyer, 1842, then planter. Elected to Virginia House of Delegates, 1849, Virginia Senate, 1859. Presiding justice of Hanover County court. Union supporter in principle but took militia company immediately into Confederate service upon secession of Virginia. War: Present at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas); lieutenant colonel, 4th Virginia Cavalry, September 1861, colonel, August 1862. With Major General Jeb Stuart's cavalry corps. Wounded at Battle of Williamsburg and during Maryland campaign. Remained with army until fall 1864 despite being elected to Second Regular Confederate Congress after Battle of Chancellorsville. Active in Valley Campaigns of 1864. Resigned November 9, 1864 to take seat in Confederate Congress. Post-war: president of Virginia Central Railroad and of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway. Chairman of Board of Supervisors of Hanover County, Virginia, 1871-1888. Member of Virginia State senate, 1883-1888.
	Wigfall, Louis Trezevant	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 21, 1861 conf: December 30, 1861	April 21, 1816 Edgefield, South Carolina	February 18, 1874 Galveston, Texas	Pre-war: Attended University of Virginia; South Carolina College graduate, 1837. Lawyer, 1839. Fire-eater Secessionist from 1844. Moved to Marshall, Texas, served in both houses of Texas legislature. U.S. Senate, 1859. Helped defeat Crittenden Compromise. Expelled from U.S. Senate, July 11, 1861. War: At Fort Sumter, tried to separately negotiate surrender with Major Anderson. Colonel, 1st Texas Infantry, August 28, 1861. Commanded Texas Brigade. Resigned February 20, 1862 to take a seat in the Confederate Senate. Supported Joseph E. Johnston; worked to undermine Jefferson Davis. Responsible for bill making Robert E. Lee General in Chief of all Confederate forces. Post-war: Lived in Texas without parole for about a year at the end of the war. Lived in England, 1866-1872. Lived in Baltimore for two years, moved to Galveston, Texas where he died a month later, February 18, 1874.
	Wilcox, Cadmus Marcellus "Billy Fixin'"	Major General rank: August 3, 1863 nom. August 13, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864 Brigadier General rank, nom: October 21, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	May 29, 1824 Wayne County, North Carolina	December 2, 1890 Washington, D.C.	Pre-war: Grew up in Tipton County, Tennessee. University of Nashville; USMA, 1846. Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned June 8, 1861. War: At all major battles of Army of Northern Virginia. Fought at Battle of First Bull Run as colonel, 9th Alabama Infantry. Defense of Fort Gregg at Petersburg, Virginia on April 2, 1865 allowed the Confederate Army to escape from Petersburg and Richmond. Post-war: Lived in Washington, D.C. Land chief of railroad division of Land Officer, 1886-1890. Buried at Oak Hill Cemetery, Washington, D.C.
	Williams, John Stuart "Cerro Gordo"	Brigadier General rank, nom: April 16, 1862 conf: April 18, 1862	July 10, 1818 Near Mount Sterling, Kentucky	July 17, 1898 Mount Sterling, Kentucky.	Pre-war: Graduate of Miami (of Ohio) University, 1839. Lawyer. Mexican-American War veteran. Kentucky legislator, 1851-1855. War: Colonel, 5th Kentucky Infantry Regiment, November 16, 1861. Commanded Department of East Tennessee in Fall 1863. Helped defeat Union attack on salt works at Abingdon, Virginia. Later with Wheeler and in southwestern Virginia. Paroled May 9, 1865. Post-war: Farmer. Kentucky legislator, 1873-1877. U.S. Senator, 1879–1885; defeated for relection. Buried at Winchester, Kentucky.
	Wilson, Claudius C.	Brigadier General rank: November 16, 1863 nom: November 18, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864 (posthumous)	October 1, 1831 Effingham County, Georgia	November 27, 1863 Ringgold, Georgia	Pre-war: Emory College graduate. Lawyer. Solicitor general for eastern circuit of Georgia. War: Captain, Company I, 25th Georgia Infantry. Served along South Carolina and Georgia coasts and with General Joseph E. Johnston in Vicksburg campaign. Commanded a brigade at Battle of Chickamauga. Died from camp fever at Ringgold, Georgia, November 27, 1863. Posthumously confirmed as brigadier general by Confederate Senate, February 17, 1864. Buried at Savannah, Georgia.
	Winder, Charles Sidney	Brigadier General rank: March 1, 1862 nom: March 5, 1862 conf: March 7, 1862	October 18, 1829 Talbot County, Maryland	August 9, 1862 Cedar Mountain, West Virginia	Pre-war: USMA, 1850. Youngest captain in U.S. Army at the time, March 3, 1855, for heroism on a troop ship in a hurricane. Resigned from U.S. Army, April 1, 1861, War: Major of artillery in Confederate Regular Army to rank from March 16, 1861. Led the Stonewall Brigade in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862. Fought in the Seven Days Battles. Killed at the Battle of Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1862. Buried at Wye House, near Easton, Maryland.
	Winder, John H.	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 21, 1861 conf. June 28, 1861 reappointed nom. June 6, 1864 conf: June 10, 1864	February 21, 1800 Somerset County, Maryland	February 7, 1865 Florence, South Carolina	Pre-war: USMA, 1820. Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned as major, 3rd U.S. Artillery, April 27, 1861. War: Provost marshal in Richmond, Virginia. Appointed commissary general of prisoners, November 21, 1864; died February 7, 1865, aged 64. Accused by Northern press and public of starving Union prisoners of war, but, in mitigation, he had to cope with food shortages and unavailable or unreliable transport. Buried at Green Mountain Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland.
	Wise, Henry A.	Brigadier General rank: June 5, 1865 nom: June 5, 1865 conf: August 28, 1861 also February 17, 1864	December 3, 1806, Drummondtown, Virginia	September 12, 1876 Richmond, Virginia	Pre-war: Graduate of Washington College, Pennsylvania. Lawyer in Nashville, Tennessee, 1828-1830. Returned to Virginia, elected to Congress, 1833. Minister to Brazil, 1844-1847. Governor of Virginia, 1856–1860. Brother-in-law of Union Army Major General George G. Meade. War: Fought in West Virginia campaign, in North Carolina, in defense of Charleston, South Carolina, in Florida, at Drewry's Bluff, defense of Richmond. Post-war: Lawyer, author. Never sought amnesty or restoration of civil rights. Buried at Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.
	Withers, Jones M.	Major General rank: April 6, 1862 nom: August 16, 1862 conf: September 22, 1862 Brigadier General rank, nom: July 10, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861	January 12, 1814 Mobile, Alabama	March 13, 1890 Mobile, Alabama	Pre-war: USMA graduate, 1835. Resigned to study law. Fought in Creek uprising. Mexican-American War veteran, colonel of 9th U.S. Infantry. Resigned again after war, merchant at Mobile, Alabama. Mayor of Mobile, Alabama, before and after the war. War: Colonel, 3rd Alabama Infantry. Defense of Mobile. Led 2 brigades at Battle of Shiloh. Fought in Kentucky campaign. In August 1863 until end of war in charge of reserve forces in Alabama. Post=war: Cotton broker, editor of Mobile Tribune, mayor of Mobile, 1867, city treasurer, 1878–1879, claim agent in Washington. Buried in Magnolia Cemetery, Mobile, Alabama.
	Wofford, William T.	Brigadier General rank: January 17, 1865 nom: January 23, 1863 conf: April 23, 1863	June 28, 1824 Habersham County, Georgia	May 22, 1884 Cass Station, Georgia	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer at Cassville, Georgia. State legislator, 1849–1853. Editor of Cassville Standard. Voted against secession at Georgia convention. War: Colonel, 18th Georgia Infantry. In North Carolina, Seven Days' Battles, Second Bull Run, South Mountain, Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Chancellorsville, Knoxville, Overland Campaign, Valley Campaign of 1864; in command of Department of North Georgia. Post-war: Active in railroad organization; trustee of several educational institutions, member of 1877 state constitutional convention. Buried in Cassville Cemetery.
75px	Wood, Sterling A.M.	Brigadier General rank: January 7, 1862 nom: January 9, 1862 conf: January 7, 1862	March 17, 1823 Florence, Alabama	January 26, 1891 Tuscaloosa, Alabama	Pre-war: Graduate of Jesuit College of St. Joseph, Bardstown, Kentucky. Lawyer at Murfreesboro, Tennessee, then Florence, Alabama. Solicitor of 4th judicial circuit of Alabama, 1851-1857. State legislator, 1857. Editor of Florence Gazette. War: Colonel, 7th Alabama Infantry, May 18, 1861. Served at Pensacola. Fought at Battle of Shiloh, badly wounded at Battle of Perrysville. Fought at Murfreesboro and Chickamauga under Major General Patrick Cleburne. Not mentioned in Cleburne's report on the Battle of Chickamauga but other brigade commanders praised. Resigned October 17, 1863. Post-war: attorney for Alabama Great Southern Railway.
	Wright, Ambrose Ransom "Rans"	Major General (temporary) rank:, nom: November 26, 1864 conf. November 30, 1864 Brigadier General rank, nom: June 3, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	April 26, 1826 Louisville, Jefferson County, Georgia	December 21, 1872 Augusta Georgia	Pre-war: Lawyer, politician. War: Colonel, 3rd Georgia Infantry, May 18, 1861. Badly wounded at the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), September 17, 1862. With Army of Northern Virginia until November 1864, then in command in Georgia until the end of the war. Post-war: Lawyer, newspaper owner. Died in December 1872, just after being elected to U.S. House of Representatives. Former Confederate Vice President Alexander Stephens won the special election to fill the Congressional vacancy caused by Wright's death.
	Wright, Marcus Joseph	Brigadier General rank: December 13, 1862 nom. December 20, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	June 5, 1831 Purdy, Tennessee	December 27, 1922 Washington, D.C.	Pre-war: Lawyer, clerk of common law and chancery court at Memphis, Tennessee. Militia colonel. War: Militia regiment mustered into Confederate Army as 154th Tennessee Infantry. Military governor of Columbus, Kentucky. Fought at Battle of Belmont. Wounded at the Battle of Shiloh. Staff of General Cheatham at Battle of Perryville. Fought at Chickamauga, Chattanooga. Commanded posts at Atlanta, Macon and District of North Mississippi and West Tennessee. Paroled May 19, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer at Memphis, purser of U.S. Navy yard. From 1878 through 1917, agent for collection of Confederate records for the War of the Rebellion: Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, published by the U.S. government. Wrote many historical books and magazine articles. One of two Confederate generals buried in Arlington National Cemetery.

Y

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
75px	York, Zebulon	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: May 31, 1864 nom: conf: June 2, 1864	October 19, 1819 Avon, Maine	August 5, 1900 Natchez, Mississippi.	Pre-War: Wesleyan Seminary, Kent Hill Maine; Transylvania University; Law graduate of the University of Louisiana (now Tulane University). Lawyer and cotton planter at Vidalia, Louisiana. War: Recruited a company of the 14th Louisiana Infantry, elected major, lieutenant colonel, colonel, in turn. Fought in Peninsula campaign, Seven Days Battles, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Maryland campaign, Fredericksburg; recruiting in Louisiana during Chancellorsville; commanded regiment at Gettysburg and in Overland campaign. Fought in Valley Campaign of 1864. Lost left arm at Battle of Opequon or Third Battle Winchester, Virginia, September 19, 1864. Recruited among foreign born prisoners of war. Paroled May 6, 1865, North Carolina. Post-war: Operated York House, Natchez, Mississippi in later years.
75px	Young, Pierce Manning Butler	Major General (temporary) nom: December 29, 1864 rank: December 30, 1864 conf: January 28, 1865 Brigadier General rank: September 28, 1863 nom: October 10, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	November 15, 1836 Spartanburg, South Carolina	July 6, 1896 New York City	Pre-war: Family moved to Bartow, Georgia when he was a small boy. Resigned from USMA before graduation in 1861. War: Appointed second lieutenant of artillery in Regular Army of the Confederacy, March 16, 1861. Lieutenant colonel of Cobb's Legion, commander of its cavalry. Distinguished in Major General Wade Hampton's brigade in the Maryland campaign. Colonel, November 1, 1862. Commanded Hampton's old division for part of 1864. Resisted Union General William T. Sherman's advance on Augusta, Georgia and then through the Carolinas.Post-war: U.S. House of Representatives, 1868–1875, later, several diplomatic posts. Buried: Cartersville, Georgia.
	Young, William Hugh	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: August 15, 1864 nom: August 16, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865	January 1, 1838 Booneville, Missouri	November 28, 1901 San Antonio, Texas.	Pre-war: Family moved to Texas when he was an infant. Educated at Washington College, Tennessee, McKenzie College, Texas, and finally University of Virginia, 1859–1861. War: In September 1861 recruited and became captain of a company of the 9th Texas Infantry. Promoted to colonel after Battle of Shiloh. Fought at Perryville, Murfreesboro (Stones River), in the Vicksburg campaign with General Joseph E. Johnston and at Chickamauga and Kennesaw Mountain in the Atlanta campaign; wounded at the last four battles, twice at Kennesaw Mountain. Wounded, left foot shot off, taken prisoner at Allatonna, Georgia, October 5, 1864 during the march into the Franklin-Nashville campaign; released and paroled July 24, 1865. Post-war lawyer and real estate operator at San Antonio, Texas.

Z

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
75px	Zollicoffer, Felix Kirk "Zollie"	Brigadier General rank:, nom: July 9, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861	May 19, 1812 Maury County, Tennessee	January 19, 1862 Battle of Mill Springs, Kentucky	Pre-war: Newspaper work at Paris, Tennessee at age 16. Served as lieutenant of volunteers during Seminole war of 1836. Returned to journalism and politics after one year's service. Adjutant general, state comptroller, state senator. Three terms in the U.S. House of Representatives until 1859; declined to run for fourth term. Member of "Peace Conference". War: Tried to mollify Union sentiment in East Tennessee. Contrary to General Albert Sidney Johnston's instructions, moved forces to Kentucky side of Cumberland River before his superior officer, Maj. Gen. George B. Crittenden, arrived. Crittenden had to attack the approaching Union force because his force was against the river, precipitating the Battle of Mill Springs (Fishing Creek or Logan's Cross Roads), January 19, 1862. Buried at Nashville, Tennessee.

Assigned to duty by E. Kirby Smith

After the fall of Vicksburg, communication between the Confederate Trans-Mississippi Department and the Confederate government in Richmond was slow and difficult. The commander of the department, General E. Kirby Smith, appointed several officers to duty as brigadier generals and as major generals. He tried to get President Jefferson Davis to formally appoint these officers and nominate them to the Confederate Senate for approval. While Davis did appoint some of Smith's earlier nominees, at least nine officers who were appointed by Smith late in the war and may have served in the capacity of generals for a period of time were never appointed and confirmed by the civilian authorities. The nine acting generals assigned to duty by General Smith listed below are in this category. One of them, Horace Randal, was killed in action while commanding a brigade at the Battle of Jenkins' Ferry under the overall command of General Smith.

Image	Name	Rank	Notes
	DeBray, Xavier Blanchard	Colonel	Commander, 26th Texas Cavalry. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, April 13, 1864 by General E. Kirby Smith.
75px	Bagby, Arthur Pendleton Jr.	Colonel	Assigned to duty as brigadier general, March 17, 1864 and major general, May 16, 1865 (to rank from May 10), by General E. Kirby Smith.
	Gordon, Benjamin Franklin	Colonel	Commander, 5th Missouri Cavalry. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, May 16, 1865 by General E. Kirby Smith.
75 px	Jackman, Sidney Drake	Colonel	Commander, Jackman's Missouri Cavalry. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, May 16, 1865 by General E. Kirby Smith.
	King, Wilburn Hill	Colonel	Commander, 18th Texas Infantry. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, April 16, 1864 by General E. Kirby Smith.
	Lewis, Levin Major	Colonel	Commander, 7th Missouri Infantry. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, May 16, 1865 by General E. Kirby Smith.
	Maclay, Robert P.	Major	Major of artillery. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, May 13, 1864 to date from April 30, 1864, by General E. Kirby Smith.
	Randal, Horace	Colonel	Commander, 28th Texas Cavalry. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, April 8, 1864 by General E. Kirby Smith. Mortally wounded at the Battle of Jenkins' Ferry, April 30, 1864; Died of wounds, May 2, 1864.
	Terrell, Alexander Watkins	Colonel	Commander, 34th Texas Cavalry. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, May 16, 1865 by General E. Kirby Smith, two days after disbanding his brigade.

Appointments incomplete, unconfirmed, refused or posthumous or commissions undelivered

The following Confederate officers are often referred to in historical writings as generals but their appointments were never completed or confirmed or their commissions were not properly delivered.^[8] The appointments of a few were withdrawn before they were voted upon by the Confederate Senate. Some of the officers' appointments were nominated to but not confirmed by the Confederate Senate. Some of the officers' commissions as generals were not delivered until after they had died. In a few cases, promotions of officers to general officer grades were posthumous even as early as the dates of appointment or nomination and clearly were meant only to be tokens of respect or honor. Other general officer commissions remained undelivered when the war ended. At least two general officer appointments that appear in the historical record were unauthorized battlefield appointments which were not approved and confirmed by the civil authorities as the war was coming to a close. Nonetheless, these officers are notable because of their assignments or actions in the capacity of a general, almost always a brigadier general. The Eichers call most or all such officers "might-have-beens." About 24 of the officers in the alphabetical tables above are shown by Warner and Wright as full grade general officers but in fact their appointments, confirmations or commissions were incomplete or they died or the war ended before they received their commissions. The entries for these officers will be moved to the section below as the article is completed.

Image	Name	Rank	Notes
	Ashby, Henry Marshall	Colonel	Commander, 2nd Tennessee Cavalry; commissioned a Brigadier General in April 1865 while commanding a division in Maj. Gen. Joseph Wheeler's corps; commission never delivered.
75px	Bartow, Francis Stebbins	Colonel	Colonel, 8th Georgia Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Brigade commander, commanding two of his brigade's regiments at the Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas), where he was killed in action. Confederate Congress accorded him the posthumous rank of acting brigadier general.
75px	Bowles, Pinckney Downie	Colonel	Temporary commands of brigade or brigade sized units. No record ever promoted to brigadier general despite some sources claiming he was commissioned as such on April 2, 1865.
	Fauntleroy, Thomas Turner	Brigadier General, Provisional Army of Virginia	Appointed Brigadier General of the PACS, July 9, 1861, but refused the appointment
	Fiser, John Calvin	Colonel	Commanded a brigade of Georgia reservists in the 1865 Carolinas Campaign. Appointment as brigadier general in the Confederate States Army was never confirmed.
	Hagan, James	Colonel	Appointed Brigadier General sometime between February and March, 1865 and referred to as such in official reports; commission never delivered.
	Hannon, Moses Wright	Colonel	Appointed Brigadier General sometime between February 15 and March, 1865 and referred to as such by General Wheeler; commission never delivered, paroled as a Colonel.
	Henderson, Robert Johnson	Colonel	Promoted by General Joseph E. Johnston in March, 1865 at the Battle of Bentonville, never confirmed by civil authorities.
75 px	Moore, Samuel Preston	Colonel, Surgeon General	Surgeon general of the Confederate Army. Frequently listed as a Brigadier General erroneously; repeated attempts to pass legislation giving the post of Surgeon General the automatic rank of Brigadier General failed.
75 px	Munford, Thomas Taylor	Colonel	Recommended for promotion by General Robert E. Lee March 23, 1865 to rank from November, 1864. Commission never received.
75px	O'Neal, Edward Asbury	Colonel Brigadier General: commission cancelled	Born September 20, 1818, Madison County, Alabama. LaGrange College graduate, 1836; lawyer. Wounded at the Battle of Seven Pines and at the Battle of Boonsboro in the Antietam Campaign. Commanded brigade at Battle of Chancellorsville and fought at the Battle of Gettysburg. Gen. Robert E. Lee returned commission for O'Neal and it was canceled. Fought in Atlanta Campaign; was arresting deserters in Alabama at end of the war. Post-war lawyer, Democratic Party leader. Elected Governor of Alabama in 1882 and 1884. Died November 7, 1890, Florence, Alabama.
75 px	Semmes, Raphael "Beeswax", "Bim"	Rear Admiral, Confederate States Navy	Assigned as a Brigadier General by President Davis to command the Danville defenses.
	Taylor, Thomas H.	Colonel Brigadier General unconfirmed	Born July 31, 1825, Frankfort, Kentucky. Centre College graduate. Mexican-American War veteran. Lieutenant colonel 1st Kentucky Infantry, a 12-month regiment. Fought in Peninsula Campaign. Commanded brigade at Cumberland Gap and with General E. Kirby Smith in Kentucky. Provost marshal for Lieutenant General Pemberton at Vicksburg. Captured, paroled and exchanged. Commanded District of South Mississippi and East Louisiana. Provost marshal for Lieutenant General S. D. Lee. Post commander at Mobile, Alabama at end of war. Appointed brigadier general November 4, 1862 but President Jefferson Davis failed to nominate him to the Confederate Senate at that grade. Post-war: returned to Kentucky; deputy U.S. marshal, 5 years. Eleven years as police chief of Louisville. Died April 12, 1901 at Louisville, Kentucky; buried at Frankfort, Kentucky.
	Walker, Francis Marion	Colonel	Killed at Battle of Atlanta, June 22, 1864; commission received June 23, 1864.

State militia generals

At the beginning of the Civil War, the Union Army incorporated most State militia units from the States adhering to the Union, mainly because they were offered for federal service by their States in response to President Abraham Lincoln's call for volunteers to put down the rebellion of the Confederate States. If the generals of these units did not receive appointments by the President of the United States and confirmation by the United States Senate and come into federal service with their units, new Union Army generals were appointed and confirmed for the Union Army brigades or divisions in which the units were placed. States often retained or further recruited some militia units for local defense but these units, including any generals, saw little, if any, combat in the Civil War as State units. State militia units remaining under State control did not leave their States for service elsewhere and few battles or lesser actions were fought in the Northern States. The battles of South Mountain, Antietam, Gettysburg and Monocacy were among the more notable exceptions.

The Confederate States Army followed a similar pattern with respect to incorporating volunteer militias but certain States retained a significant number of militia units for local defense. Because most of the battles of the Civil War occurred in Southern States, some of these units, and their State-appointed generals, saw significant service and combat. They were usually brought under the command of Confederate State Army commanders and forces in their areas but on a few occasions were the only forces available to oppose Union forces. State units fought in Texas, in Missouri, especially early in the war, in Virginia, especially during Jackson's Valley Campaign, in Mississippi, especially during the Vicksburg Campaign, in Georgia, especially during Sherman's March to the Sea, and in South Carolina, especially in the Carolinas Campaign.

Authors have not always pointed out that the generals in certain Civil War battles, actions or campaigns were State militia generals, not duly appointed and confirmed Confederate States Army (almost always Provisional Army of the Confederacy) generals. They were fighting for the Confederate cause and may have commanded a large number of troops but they are still properly described only as State militia generals.

Many of the Southern States' militia officers are identified by historian Bruce C. Allardice.^[9] Allardice, and others like him who take an expansive view of Confederate general officer appointments, identify many militia officers who were never mustered into national service for the Confederacy, nor did they serve as generals in any campaign or significant battle. The list below does not include those officers. It is limited to those known to have served in the field in command of militia units, on in another significant capacity such as guard duty in an active theater or in temporary command of Confederate Army brigades or divisions.

Below is a list of the more significant State militia generals from the Confederate States. These generals commanded and participated in battles and campaigns, at least in their home states, and thus provided some field service during the war. As such, they are likely to be referred to as Confederate generals in some books, articles or sources, even though they were State militia generals and not duly commissioned Confederate generals.

Image	Name	Rank	Notes
	Anderson, Charles David	Brigadier General, Georgia Militia	Resigned commission as lieutenant colonel in the Confederate Army on January 20, 1864. Thereafter appointed brigadier general of the 3rd Georgia Militia brigade. Brigade fought with the Army of Tennessee in the Atlanta campaign; sent to oppose Sherman's March to the Sea. Wounded at the Battle of Griswoldville on November 22, 1864.
75px	Alcorn, James Lusk	Brigadier General, Mississippi Militia	Brigadier General of Mississippi State militia. Not appointed and confirmed as a general in the Confederate Army (Provisional Army, Confederate States (PACS)). Post-war Governor of Mississippi and United States Senator. Supported a new college for African-American students, now known as Alcorn State University.
	Boggs, James	Brigadier General, Virginia Militia	Commander, 18th Brigade. Served in Jackson's Valley Campaign.
	Carson, James Harvey	Brigadier General, Virginia Militia	Commander, 16th Brigade. Served in Jackson's Valley Campaign.
	Carswell, Reuben Walker	Brigadier General, Georgia Militia	Commander, 1st Brigade. Served in the Atlanta campaign.
	Chapman, Augustus A.	Brigadier General, Virginia Militia	Commander, 19th Brigade. Served in the Kanawha Campaign.
75 px	Clark, Edward	Colonel, CSA; Brigadier General, Texas Militia	Acting governor of Texas, March 18, 1861 – November 7, 1861. Colonel of 14th Texas Infantry. Appointment as CSA brigadier general not confirmed. Wounded at Battle of Pleasant Hill, Louisiana, April 9, 1864. Brigadier general of Texas state militia, 1865.
75 px	Clark, John Bullock	Brigadier General, Missouri State Guard	Antebellum Congressman. Brigadier general of Confederate Missouri State Guard, 1861–1862. Representative and senator from Missouri in Confederate Congress.
	Clark, Meriwether Lewis Sr.	Brigadier General, Missouri State Guard Colonel	Commander, 9th Division. Later a Colonel of the PACS, commanded a brigade during the Appomattox Campaign. Son of explorer William Clark.
	DeSaussure, William Gibbs	Brigadier General, South Carolina Militia	Commander, 4th Brigade. Served in the Second Battle of Charleston Harbor.
	Ford, John Salmon "R.I.P." "Rip"	Brigadier General, Texas Militia Colonel, CSA	Commanded Confederate forces at the Battle of Palmito Ranch, Texas, the last battle of the Civil War, on May 13, 1865
	Garlington, Albert Cresswell	Brigadier General, South Carolina Militia	Served in the Carolinas campaign.
	Harman, William Henry	Brigadier General, Virginia Militia	Commander, 13th Brigade. Commanded part of a force that seized Harper's Ferry, April 18, 1861. Later replaced Kenton Harper as Colonel of the 5th Virginia Infantry regiment.
	Harper, Kenton	Major General, Virginia Militia	Commander, 5th Division. Commanded a force that seized Harper's Ferry, April 18, 1861. Later commissioned into PACS as a Colonel in command of the 5th Virginia Infantry regiment.
	Harris, Jeptha Vining	Brigadier General, Mississippi Militia	Served at Battle of Vicksburg.
75 px	McBride, James Haggin	Brigadier General, Missouri State Guard	Commanded 7th Division at the Siege of Lexington, Missouri.
	McKay, Henry Kent	Brigadier General, Georgia Militia	Commander, 4th Brigade. Fought at the Battle of Griswoldville during Sherman's March to the Sea.
	Meem, Gilbert Simrall	Brigadier General, Virginia Militia	Commander, 7th Brigade. Served in Jackson's Valley Campaign.
	Phillips, Pleasant Jackson	Brigadier General, Georgia Militia	Commander, 2nd Brigade. Served in the Atlanta campaign.
	Smith, Francis Henney	Brevet Brigadier General, Virginia Militia Colonel	Commanded 9th Virginia Infantry Regiment and Virginia Military Institute Corps of Cadets battalion. USMA graduate. Superintendent of VMI from 1839 through 1889.
75 px	Thompson, Meriwether Jefferson "Jeff" "Swamp Fox"	Brigadier General, Missouri State Guard	Commander, 1st Division. Later placed in command of regular PACS Brigade (Shelby's Iron Brigade) by Major General Sterling Price.

References

Allardice, Bruce S. More Generals in Gray. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1995. ISBN 0-8071-3148-2 (pbk.).
Boatner, III, Mark M., The Civil War Dictionary. David McKay Company, Inc., New York, 1959. ISBN 0-679-50013-8.
Eicher, John H., and Eicher, David J., Civil War High Commands, Stanford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.
Faust, Patricia L., ed., Historical Times Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Civil War. Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., New York, 1986. ISBN 0-06-181261-7. Entries by Faust, various authors.
Heidler, David S., and Jeanne T. Heidler, eds. Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000. ISBN 0-393-04758-X. Entries by Heidler and Heidler, various authors.
Sifakis, Stewart, Who Was Who in the Civil War. Facts On File, New York, 1988. ISBN 0-8160-1055-2.
United States War Department, The Military Secretary's Office, Memorandum relative to the general officers appointed by the President in the armies of the Confederate States--1861-1865 (1908) (Compiled from official records). Caption shows 1905 but printing date is February 11, 1908. http://www.archive.org/details/memorandumrelati01unit, retrieved August 5, 2010.
Warner, Ezra J., Generals in Gray. Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge, 1959. ISBN 0-8071-0823.

Citations

↑ Eicher, 2001, p. 99, says he killed a federal judge who criticized his father's newspaper but this is clearly wrong as other sources also support Warner's account, which has Adams's father as a judge and the other party as an editor
↑ Warner, Ezra J., Generals in Gray. Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge, 1959. ISBN 0-8071-0823, p. 1.
↑ Boatner, III, Mark M., The Civil War Dictionary. David McKay Company, Inc., New York, 1959. ISBN 0-679-50013-8. p. 3
↑ Faust, Patricia L. Adams, Daniel Weisiger In Historical Times Illustrated History of the Civil War, edited by Patricia L. Faust. New York: Harper & Row, 1986. ISBN 978-0-06-273116-6. p. 2.
↑ Sifakis, Stewart. Who Was Who in the Civil War. New York: Facts On File, 1988. ISBN 0-8160-1055-2. pp. 2–3.
↑ Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8047-3641-3. p. 99
↑ Heidler, David S. and Jeanne T. Heidler. Adams, Daniel Weisiger. In Heidler, David S., and Jeanne T. Heidler, eds. Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000. ISBN 0-393-04758-X.
↑ Due to increasing communication difficulties and increasing officer casualties in the Confederate Army as the war progressed, historian Bruce Allardice identified an additional 137 officers as arguably worthy of consideration as Confederate generals because of appointment of some sort by President Davis or a general in command in the field and exercise of command by the officers for at least some period of time.
↑ Allardice, Bruce S., More Generals in Gray, Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge, 1995, ISBN 0-8071-1967-9.

External Links

American Civil War Generals, retrieved February 18, 2008
Confederate Generals from West Point, retrieved February 18, 2008
The Generals of the American Civil War, retrieved from Archive.org, April 9, 2009
US Civil War Generals, retrieved September 12, 2010pl:Lista generałów wojny secesyjnej

[1] Eicher, 2001, p. 99, says he killed a federal judge who criticized his father's newspaper but this is clearly wrong as other sources also support Warner's account, which has Adams's father as a judge and the other party as an editor

[2] Warner, Ezra J., Generals in Gray. Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge, 1959. ISBN 0-8071-0823, p. 1.

[3] Boatner, III, Mark M., The Civil War Dictionary. David McKay Company, Inc., New York, 1959. ISBN 0-679-50013-8. p. 3

[4] Faust, Patricia L. Adams, Daniel Weisiger In Historical Times Illustrated History of the Civil War, edited by Patricia L. Faust. New York: Harper & Row, 1986. ISBN 978-0-06-273116-6. p. 2.

[5] Sifakis, Stewart. Who Was Who in the Civil War. New York: Facts On File, 1988. ISBN 0-8160-1055-2. pp. 2–3.

[6] Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8047-3641-3. p. 99

[7] Heidler, David S. and Jeanne T. Heidler. Adams, Daniel Weisiger. In Heidler, David S., and Jeanne T. Heidler, eds. Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000. ISBN 0-393-04758-X.

[8] Due to increasing communication difficulties and increasing officer casualties in the Confederate Army as the war progressed, historian Bruce Allardice identified an additional 137 officers as arguably worthy of consideration as Confederate generals because of appointment of some sort by President Davis or a general in command in the field and exercise of command by the officers for at least some period of time.

[9] Allardice, Bruce S., More Generals in Gray, Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge, 1995, ISBN 0-8071-1967-9.

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Deleted:List of American Civil War Generals (Confederate)

Confederate generals

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

V

W

Y

Z

Assigned to duty by E. Kirby Smith

Appointments incomplete, unconfirmed, refused or posthumous or commissions undelivered

State militia generals

See also

References

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