Dhubri
Dhubri (Pron: ˈdhubri) is an old town and headquarter of Dhubri district in Indian state of Assam. It is an old town on the bank of the Brahmaputra river, with historical significance. In 1883, the town was first constituted as a Municipal Board under the British regime. It is situated about 277.4 kilometres (172 mi) west from Dispur, the state capital of Assam.
The town is also an important commercial centre and had a busy river port particularly for jute. Dhubri is called the "Land of Rivers" as it is covered three sides by Brahmaputra and Gadadhar rivers.[1]
Contents
History
The word 'Dhuburi' comes from a legendary lady named Netai-Dhubuni. Legends say that Netai-Dhubuni was a laundress who used to wash clothes of the Gods and Goddesses in a small ghat in Dhubri. The story is connected with Behula-Lakhindar. Lakhinar was the son of Chand Sadagar and Behula was Lakhindar's spouse. The word Dhubri is believed to have originated from the word 'Dhubuni' (a lady who washes clothes). According to Bodo-Kacharis, the word is of Bodo origin and derived from Dubri, a kind of grass. The story of lady Netai-Dhubuni is widely accepted for the naming history of Dhubri. Adjacent to this Netai-Dhubuni ghat, there is the Gurdwara Sri Tegh Bahadur Sahib stands.
This place is famous for the Sikh Gurdwara Gurdwara Damdama Sahib or Thara Sahib which was constructed in memory of visit of First Sikh Guru Nanak and later it was followed by visit of Ninth guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur and the Gurdwara is named as Gurdwara Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib. Hence, it has great importance for Sikh community.
Until 1874, Dhubri was mostly a part of Koch Rajbongshi kings. In 1874, the British Government created a new province named Assam Valley Province and incorporated Goalpara district area comprising three civil subdivisions Dhubri, Goalpara and Kokrajhar with the new Assam Province. In 1879, the district headquarters was shifted from Goalpara to Dhubri city. The district of Dhubri is again subdivided in three districts namely Dhubri, Goalpara and Kokrajhar. The City of Dhubri falls under the jurisdiction of the district of Dhubri whose headquarters is at city Dhubri.
The present Dhubri District is one of the three Civil Sub-divisions of erst-while Goalpara district, established in 1876 during British regime. In 1879 the District headquarters was shifted from Goalpara to Dhubri.
In the year 1983 Goalpara district was divided into four separate districts and Dhubri is one of those. Covering an area of 2,838 km2. including forests, riverines, hills etc. the district has become the most densely populated district in India with a density of 584 persons per km2.(As per 2001 census).
Dhubri District has been visited by many historical personalities like Guru Nanaka, Srimanta Sankardeva, Guru Teg Bahadur, Swami Vivekananda, Mahatma Gandhi, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, Gopinath Bordoloi and others.
Dhubri town also was very famous for the Match Factory (WIMCO), though it has shut down due to circumstances but still people who had witnessed the same still remembering the beauty of the factory its staff quarters and their modern art of living.
Dhubri is also famous for its Durga Puja and Dashera.
The Dhubri city was first constituted as a Municipality in 1883. The Dhubri city is 290 km far from the State Capital at Dispur.
Demographics
As of 2011[update] India census,[2] Dhubri had a population 63,388 and Dhubri - Gauripur Metropolitan area had a Population 122400. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Dhubri has an average literacy rate of 74%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 79% and, female literacy is 68%. In Dhubri, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age. With close to 75% of its population Muslims, it is one of the minority concentrated districts of India.
Template:Pie chart Most of these people are Bengali Hindus and Muslims, Koch-Rajbongshi and (Goalpariya people) people. Assamese, Goalpariya and Bengali are the major languages spoken in the town.
Geography and climate
Dhubri lies at 89.5 degree east longitude and 26.1 degree north latitude, and about Template:Convert/LoffAoffDorSoff above sea level. Dhubri is covered by rivers on three sides, predominated by the mighty Brahmaputra River, which is a sorrow as well as joy for the dwellers.
As is typical for Assam and Tripura, Dhubri has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa), being a little too cool to qualify as a tropical monsoon climate. The "cool" or winter season from November to February is warm to very warm during the afternoon, and pleasantly cool in the morning. The "hot" season of March and April is indeed hot and sees increasing humidity and rain, leading into the oppressively humid and extremely wet monsoon season from May to the middle of October.
| Climate data for Dhubri (Rupsi Airport) 1981–2000, extremes 1957–2000 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 29.0 | 34.0 | 39.1 | 41.0 | 41.3 | 39.4 | 37.9 | 36.4 | 35.9 | 35.2 | 32.5 | 29.4 | 41.3 |
| Average high °C (°F) | 23.6 | 26.0 | 30.1 | 31.2 | 30.7 | 31.6 | 31.1 | 31.9 | 30.6 | 30.2 | 27.7 | 24.4 | 29.1 |
| Average low °C (°F) | 9.3 | 10.9 | 15.7 | 19.9 | 22.3 | 24.5 | 25.2 | 25.4 | 24.3 | 21.1 | 15.3 | 11.1 | 18.7 |
| Record low °C (°F) | 2.4 | 3.2 | 7.3 | 10.9 | 15.5 | 17.6 | 18.5 | 15.1 | 19.7 | 14.5 | 8.2 | 3.3 | 2.4 |
| Rainfall mm (inches) | style="Template:Weather box/colgreen"|6.8 | style="Template:Weather box/colgreen"|24.8 | style="Template:Weather box/colgreen"|42.3 | style="Template:Weather box/colgreen"|179.4 | style="Template:Weather box/colgreen"|437.3 | style="Template:Weather box/colgreen"|577.2 | style="Template:Weather box/colgreen"|662.5 | style="Template:Weather box/colgreen"|436.1 | style="Template:Weather box/colgreen"|426.8 | style="Template:Weather box/colgreen"|131.5 | style="Template:Weather box/colgreen"|7.1 | style="Template:Weather box/colgreen"|7.3 | style="Template:Weather box/colgreen border-left-width:medium"|2,939.1 |
| Avg. rainy days | 0.7 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 9.4 | 16.0 | 15.9 | 18.3 | 12.8 | 12.4 | 5.0 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 96.5 |
| % humidity | 75 | 61 | 48 | 58 | 73 | 78 | 82 | 81 | 83 | 80 | 78 | 79 | 73 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department[3][4] | |||||||||||||
Educational institutes
College
- Bholanath College or B. N. College (Established in 1946) is the oldest college in western Assam.
- Dhubri Law College
- Dhubri Girls' College
- Dhubri B. Ed College
- Dhubri Medical College And Hospital
- Pramathesh Barua College, Gauripur
- Chilarai College
- Ajmal College of Arts & Science
- Greenfield Degree College
- Dhubri College of Arts & Science
- ITI Gauripur
- Jamia Millia Islamia University Open & Distance Learning Centre
- Greenfield Junior College Dhubri
- Royal Public Junior College
- Moriom Girls Junior College
- Birat Nagar Junior college
- Vidhya Sagar Academy
- Heritage Science & Arts Academy
- Pratima Barua Science Academy
- Hamidabad College
- Dharmasala College
School
- NORTH EAST GLOBAL SCHOOL, SCIENCE,ARTS, COMMERCE
- Bidyapara Boys Higher Secondary School
- Government Boys Higher Secondary School
- Sishu Pathsala Higher Secondary School
- Government Girls Higher Secondary School
- P.C. Institution, Gauripur
- Hadurhat Dharmashala Higher Secondary School
- H.N Senimari H.S School
- Vivekananda Vidyapith
- Dhubri Municipal High School
- Jawahar Hindi High School
- Sankardev Shishu Bidya Niketan, Dhubri
- Bidyapara Girls High School
- S.P. English Medium High School
- Happy Convent School
- St. Agastya School
- Bethel Baptist Mission School
- Paradise Convent School
- 128 no. Bidyapara LP School
- Jamadarhat Janata Higher Secondary Schoolí
- Sankar-Azan Adarsha Bidyalaya, Dhubri
- Rasaraj Jatiya Vidlaya
- Dhubri Jatiya Vidlaya
- Brahmaputra Jatiya Vidyalaya
- Dhep Dhepi Higher Secondary School
- Kismat Hasdaha High School
- Jagomahan Vidyapith
- M.U. High Madrassa, Gauripur
- Gayan Peeth Jatiya Vidhyalaya
Culture & festivals
More than 50,000 Hindus, Sikhs, and Muslims assemble in this historic shrine every year in the month of December to mark the martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur, which starts on 3 December with great solemnity and ceremony. Sikhs call the week long reverence of Sahidee-Guru-Parav which is marked with a massive procession. Guru Tegh Bahadur thus earned the affectionate title of "Hind-di-Chadar" or the Shield of Hind dates back to Hindustan.[citation needed]
Transportation
Airport
Rupsi Airport at Kokrajhar district is the nearest airport which is about 15 km from the main city and 5 km away from Gauripur. It was constructed during World War II by the British mainly for military purpose to accommodate 52 jet airplanes. Until 1983, the Indian Airlines and some private commercial flights operated regularly between Calcutta, Guwahati and Dhubri. The airport started its commercial service after 38 years in 2021, and the airport is operational with connectivity to Kolkata and state capital Guwahati. Flybig operates flights by ATR aircraft under RCS UDAN.
Railway
Dhubri railway station serves the town of Dhubri. The station lies on New Cooch Behar-Golokganj branch line and Fakiragram–Dhubri branch line of Northeast Frontier Railway, Alipurduar railway division.
Sengajan multimodal waterways terminal
Dhubri multimodal waterways terminal on Brahmaputra in Dhubri is being developed as part of Bharatmala and Sagarmala projects.[5] The city had a very busy river port on the bank of the Brahmaputra which was used as an international trade centre with the neighbouring countries, specially during the British Raj.
Railway
The importance of the railway station and the MG line was also decreased since 1947, when the direct line to Calcutta was snapped as it ran through erstwhile East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). The train service has newly started on 2010 again, and it is functioning smoothly. However the train services running from the Dhubri railway station are taking a new route from Dhubri to Kamakhya and Guwahati Junction. Trains originating from Dhubri station are, Dhubri – Silghat (Rajya Rani Express), Dhubri – Siliguri (Inter City Express) Dhubri Fakiragram passenger and New Bongaigaon Siliguri Jn Demu Special Via Dhubri
Tourism
Dhubri District is bestowed with attractive scenic beauties. Both the banks of river Brahmaputra with its lush green fields, blue hills and hillock is a feast to the eyes of the onlookers. The Gurdwara Tegh Bahadur Shaibji, the Rangamati Mosque, Mahamaya Dham, Chakrasila wildlife sanctuary, Matiabagh Hawa Mahal, Satrashal Dham, Panch Peer Dargaha, and other royal palaces attract the people for their unique structures, religious sanctity and mytholo- ↑ "Priceless heritage gets funds to survive". The Telegraph (Calcutta). 13 October 2007. https://www.telegraphindia.com/1071013/asp/northeast/story_8429802.asp.
- ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999.
- ↑ "Station: Dhubri (Rupsi)(A) Climatological Table 1981–2010". Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 247–248. https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf.
- ↑ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)". India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M24. https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf.
- ↑ Bharatmala presentation
